BME Frontiers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 6

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by joint swelling and bone destruction. Despite an incomplete understanding of its genesis, RA tightly linked to the intricate immunological milieu, involving disruptions in molecular signaling imbalance between innate adaptive immune systems. With advancements biomaterials science, role treatment has evolved from mere drug delivery systems therapeutic microenvironment modulators, providing drug-independent strategies for RA. In this review, we will delve into RA, focusing on contributions immunity, damage-associated patterns (DAMPs), cytokines, pathways disease’s pathogenesis inflammation. We provide detailed analysis applications novel nonpharmaceutical treatment, categorized 3 key mechanisms: biofactor pathway regulation, endogenous gas adjustment, cell modulation. The composition, form, principles, efficacy these be explored. thorough discussion topics offer fresh viewpoint guide future research directions.

Язык: Английский