Molecules,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
29(23), С. 5655 - 5655
Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024
The
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR)
is
one
of
the
most
critical
reactions
in
energy
conversion
systems,
and
it
facilitates
efficient
chemical
into
electrical
energy,
which
necessary
for
modern
technology.
Developing
cost-effective
catalysts
ORRs
crucial
advancing
effectively
applying
renewable
technologies
such
as
fuel
cells,
metal–air
batteries,
electrochemical
sensors.
In
recent
years,
iron
porphyrin-based
composites
have
emerged
ideal
facilitating
effective
due
to
their
unique
structural
characteristics,
abundance,
advances
synthesis,
excellent
catalytic
properties,
mimic
natural
enzymatic
systems.
However,
many
articles
focused
on
reviewing
frameworks
or
metalloporphyrins
general,
necessitating
research
specifically
addressing
porphyrin.
This
review
discusses
porphyrin
an
catalyst
ORRs.
It
provides
a
comprehensive
knowledge
application
electrocatalytic
ORRs,
focusing
integration
with
conductive
supports,
mechanism,
efficacy.
also
challenges
recommendations
address
these
challenges.
Journal of Materials Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
Abstract
As
the
demand
for
sustainable
energy
solutions
grows,
developing
efficient
conversion
and
storage
technologies,
such
as
fuel
cells
metal-air
batteries,
is
vital.
Oxygen
Reduction
Reaction
(ORR)
a
significant
limitation
in
electrochemical
systems
due
to
its
slower
kinetics.
Although
Pt-based
catalysts
are
commonly
used
address
this
challenge,
their
high
cost
suboptimal
performance
remain
obstacles
further
development.
This
review
offers
comprehensive
overview
of
advanced
support
materials
aimed
at
improving
efficiency,
durability,
cost-effectiveness
catalysts.
By
examining
range
materials,
including
mesoporous
carbon,
graphene,
carbon
nanotubes,
metal
oxides,
clarifies
relationship
between
structural
properties
these
supports
influence
on
ORR
performance.
Additionally,
it
discusses
fundamental
characteristics
practical
applications
cells,
explores
potential
future
directions
optimizing
advance
technologies.
Future
research
could
focus
nano-engineering
composite
material
development
unlock
full
catalysts,
significantly
enhancing
economic
viability
applications.
Nanomaterials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(4), С. 256 - 256
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2025
This
review
explores
the
recent
advancements
in
catalyst
technology
for
hydrogen
production,
emphasizing
role
of
catalysts
efficient
and
sustainable
generation.
involves
a
comprehensive
analysis
various
materials,
including
noble
metals,
transition
carbon-based
nanomaterials,
metal–organic
frameworks,
along
with
their
mechanisms
performance
outcomes.
Major
findings
reveal
that
while
metal
catalysts,
such
as
platinum
iridium,
exhibit
exceptional
activity,
high
cost
scarcity
necessitate
exploration
alternative
materials.
Transition
single-atom
have
emerged
promising
substitutes,
demonstrating
potential
enhancing
catalytic
efficiency
stability.
These
underscore
importance
interdisciplinary
approaches
to
design,
which
can
lead
scalable
economically
viable
production
systems.
The
concludes
ongoing
research
should
focus
on
addressing
challenges
related
stability,
scalability,
integration
renewable
energy
sources,
paving
way
economy.
By
fostering
innovation
development,
this
work
aims
contribute
towards
cleaner
solutions
more
resilient
future.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
This
review
investigates
atomic
site
catalysts
(ASCs)
for
electrochemical
hydrogen
evolution
reaction
(HER),
discussing
their
properties,
types,
performance,
significance,
activity,
selectivity,
stability,
challenges,
and
future
research
directions.
Nanomaterials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(3), С. 226 - 226
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025
Adatoms
as
co-catalysts
may
play
a
key
role
in
photocatalysis,
yet
control
of
their
exact
configuration
remains
challenging.
Specifically,
there
is
converging
evidence
that
ultra-small
structures
be
optimal
co-catalysts;
however,
comprehensive
distinction
between
single
atoms
(SAs),
sub-nanoclusters
(SNCs),
and
quantum-sized
small
particles
(QSSPs)
has
to
established.
Herein,
we
present
critical
review
addressing
these
distinctions,
along
with
challenges
related
the
controlled
synthesis
SAs,
SNCs,
QSSPs;
detection
methods;
functional
benefits
photocatalysis.
Our
discussion
focuses
on
perovskite
oxides
(e.g.,
such
ABO3,
where
A
B
are
cations)
metal
(MxOy,
M
metal)
decorated
adatoms,
which
demonstrate
superior
photocatalytic
performance
compared
unmodified
counterparts.
Finally,
highlight
cases
misinterpretation
SA,
SNC,
QSSP
configurations
emerging
from
limitations
high-resolution
techniques
methods.
