Commentary: The good vaccine, the bad virus, and the ugly inflammation DOI Creative Commons
Parthopratim Dutta Majumder

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 71(3), С. 1035 - 1036

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has wreaked havoc worldwide. At this juncture, anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have appeared to be a boon for humankind, substantially reducing the risk of severe disease and death because SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccination is known bring cascade events in our immune system. A host response antigens achieving memory T-cell over period time are goals vaccination.[1] The production specific auto-antibodies molecular mimicry by can thus contribute auto-immune phenomena.[1] Adjuvants that used increase immunogenicity vaccine further add reactogenicity. There reports flaring up diseases several new-onset immune-mediated inflammatory episodes following small fraction recipients.[2] Similarly, there been tremendous intra-ocular inflammation vaccination.[3] majority inflammations ranged from mild moderate severity responded corticosteroids. Uveitis vaccination not new reported Bacille Calmette Guérin, varicella, hepatitis B, human papillomavirus, influenza papillomavirus (HPV), pneumococcus, measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccines.[4] Along with vaccine- adjuvant-induced auto-immunity, re-activation numerous infectious agents, especially herpes viruses, reported.[5] In issue Indian Journal Ophthalmology, Cam et al. case granulomatous anterior uveitis 23-year-old lady who developed ocular symptoms 15 days after receiving third dose vaccine. An extensive battery investigations failed find relevant cause her eye inflammation, which made authors correlate vaccination. plenty onset as well vaccinations.[6] close temporal relationship between makes it often difficult elucidate whether association coincidental or causal. For example, ascertain such when (booster) causes an whereas first two doses remain uneventful.[7] Use standardized assessment systems tools Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale (Naranjo Scale)[4] and/or World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC) system causality adverse drug reactions[8] may provide better insight. widely tool assesses likelihood reaction actually not. Based on answers 10 questions, scale allows categorical classification reactions 'definite', 'probable', 'possible', 'doubtful'. WHO-UMC another similar classifying into 'certain', 'probable/likely', 'unlikely'. retrospective cohort 431 patients tertiary hospital Singapore received vaccinations, six (1.39%) uveitis.[5] Three these presented uveitis, three had non-granulomatous uveitis. previous history all were quiescent more than 3 years. applied grade reactions. Two recurrence separate (both second boosters) score +6, suggesting 'probable' remaining four showed only +4, 'possible' association. also system, +6 could classified "certain". Patients +4 "likely/possible." Thus, use help standardize quantify vaccinations.[9] To conclude, need quantification through tools. Nevertheless, data favor possible correlation vaccinations rather occurrence. addition, while assessing associations, one should keep mind benefits far outweigh risks.

Язык: Английский

Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Connective Tissue Disorders Following COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Sung Ha Lim, Hyun Jeong Ju, Ju Hee Han

и другие.

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(10), С. e2336120 - e2336120

Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2023

Importance Multiple cases of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases after COVID-19 have been reported. However, their incidences risks rarely quantified. Objective To investigate the connective tissue disorders COVID-19. Design, Setting, Participants This was a retrospective population-based study conducted between October 8, 2020, December 31, 2021, that used nationwide data from Korea Disease Control Prevention Agency National Health Insurance Service cohort included individuals who received diagnosis via polymerase chain reaction testing control group with no evidence identified cohort. Data analysis September 2022 to August 2023. Exposures Receipt Main Outcomes Measures The primary outcomes were incidence risk following A total 32 covariates, including demographics, socioeconomic statuses, lifestyle factors, comorbidity profiles, balanced through inverse probability weighting. compared groups using multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses. Results 354 527 (mean [SD] age, 52.24 [15.55] years; 179 041 women [50.50%]) 6 134 940 controls 52.05 [15.63] 3 074 573 [50.12%]) included. alopecia areata (adjusted ratio [aHR], 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05-1.19), totalis (aHR, 1.74; 1.39-2.17), antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis 2.76; 1.64-4.65), Crohn disease 1.68; 1.31-2.15), sarcoidosis 1.59; 1.00-2.52) higher in group. totalis, psoriasis, vitiligo, vasculitis, disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, adult-onset Still Sjögren syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, associated severity Conclusions Relevance In this study, substantial for disorders, indicating long-term management patients should include evaluation such disorders.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

69
Insights into new-onset autoimmune diseases after COVID-19 vaccination DOI Open Access
Ming Guo, Xiaoxiao Liu, Xiangmei Chen

и другие.

Autoimmunity Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(7), С. 103340 - 103340

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

66
mRNA: Vaccine or Gene Therapy? The Safety Regulatory Issues DOI Open Access
Hélène Banoun

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(13), С. 10514 - 10514

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2023

COVID-19 vaccines were developed and approved rapidly in response to the urgency created by pandemic. No specific regulations existed at time they marketed. The regulatory agencies therefore adapted them as a matter of urgency. Now that pandemic emergency has passed, it is consider safety issues associated with this rapid approval. mode action mRNA should classify gene therapy products (GTPs), but have been excluded agencies. Some tests undergone produced non-compliant results terms purity, quality batch homogeneity. wide persistent biodistribution mRNAs their protein products, incompletely studied due classification vaccines, raises issues. Post-marketing studies shown passes into breast milk could adverse effects on breast-fed babies. Long-term expression, integration genome, transmission germline, passage sperm, embryo/fetal perinatal toxicity, genotoxicity tumorigenicity be light events reported pharmacovigilance databases. potential horizontal (i.e., shedding) also assessed. In-depth vaccinovigilance carried out. We would expect these controls required for future outside context

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

28
HSP47 in human diseases: Navigating pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy DOI Creative Commons
Essak S. Khan,

Tobias Däinghaus

Clinical and Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(8)

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) is a chaperone responsible for regulating collagen maturation and transport, directly impacting synthesis levels. Aberrant HSP47 expression or malfunction has been associated with collagen-related disorders, most notably fibrosis. Recent reports have uncovered new functions of in various cellular processes. Hsp47 dysregulation these alternative roles linked to diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune neurodegenerative thereby highlighting its potential both diagnostic biomarker therapeutic target. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiological human tool, clinical screening techniques role target interventions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

7
COVID-19 Vaccines, Effectiveness, and Immune Responses DOI Open Access

Haneen I. Abufares,

Leen Oyoun Alsoud,

Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(23), С. 15415 - 15415

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has captivated globe's attention since its emergence in 2019. This highly infectious, spreadable, and dangerous pathogen health, social, economic crises. Therefore, a worldwide collaborative effort was made to find an efficient strategy overcome develop vaccines. new vaccines provide effective immune response that safeguards community from virus' severity. WHO approved nine for emergency use based on safety efficacy data collected various conducted clinical trials. Herein, we review effectiveness of WHO-approved associated responses, their impact improving public's health. Several immunological studies have demonstrated vaccination dramatically enhances reduces likelihood future infections previously infected individuals. However, type individual health status can significantly affect responses. Exposure healthy individuals adenovirus vectors or mRNA causes early production antibodies B T cells. On other hand, unhealthy were more likely experience harmful events due relapses existing conditions. Taken together, aligning with proper patient's case result better outcomes.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

29
New-Onset Rheumatic Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinations until May 2023: A Systematic Review DOI Creative Commons
Arvind Nune,

Victor Durkowski,

S. Sujitha Pillay

и другие.

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(10), С. 1571 - 1571

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2023

A comprehensive, up-to-date systematic review (SR) of the new-onset rheumatic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (R-IMIDs) following COVID-19 vaccinations is lacking. Therefore, we investigated demographics, management, and prognosis new R-IMIDs in adults SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. literature search Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, LitCovid, Cochrane was conducted. We included any English-language study that reported R-IMID post-COVID-19 vaccination. total 271 cases were from 39 countries between January 2021 May 2023. The mean age patients 56 (range 18-90), most females (170, 62.5%). Most (153, 56.5%) received Pfizer BioNTech vaccine. Nearly 50% developed after second dose Vasculitis prevalent clinical presentation (86, 31.7%), followed by connective tissue disease (66, 24.3%). duration vaccine's 'trigger' 11 days. (220, 81.2%) corticosteroids; however, 42% (115) DMARDs such as methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, tocilizumab, anakinra, IV immunoglobulins, plasma exchange, or rituximab. Complete remission achieved 75 (27.7%), 137 (50.6%) improved treatment. Two died due to myositis. This SR highlights vaccines may trigger R-IMID; further epidemiology studies are required.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

16
Systemic lupus erythematosus following COVID-19 vaccination. A systematic review of case reports and case series DOI
Nelson Luis Cahuapaza-Gutierrez

Lupus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 33(4), С. 375 - 386

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024

Objective Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 reduced morbidity and mortality rates due to COVID-19 worldwide. However, several adverse effects have been documented of great interest such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). The aim the present study was perform a systematic review case reports series describing development SLE following vaccination. Methods Case report studies were included. Systematic reviews, narratives, letters editor, correspondence, etc. excluded. A selective bibliographic search performed in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE databases. In addition, Web Science platform consulted. Joanna Brigs Institute (JBI) tool used assess risk bias quality studies. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 23.0 formal analysis descriptive data. Results 12 met eligibility criteria reported total 16 patients. mean age 42.4 ± 18.69 years. slight predominance post-vaccination observed females (females ( n = 9) males 7). higher association found with Pfizer-BioNTech-162b2 vaccine (75%), followed by Sinopharm (12.5%), Moderna (6.25%). AstraZeneca (6.25%) vaccines. Most cases associated first dose (56.25%), second (37.5%) only one third dose. number days elapsed from administration appearance clinical manifestations between 1 30 days. Mainly there involvement musculoskeletal cutaneous system. All patients responded well treatment good evolution no death. Conclusion Cases vaccination are infrequent. monitoring is recommended persons receiving vaccine, mainly those vaccine.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
Long-Term Risk of Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Connective Tissue Disorders Following COVID-19 DOI
Yeon‐Woo Heo, Jae Joon Jeon,

Min Chul Ha

и другие.

JAMA Dermatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2024

Importance Few studies have investigated the association between COVID-19 and autoimmune autoinflammatory connective tissue disorders; however, research with long-term observation remains insufficient. Objective To investigate risk of diseases after over an extended period. Design, Setting, Participants This retrospective nationwide population-based study Korea Disease Control Prevention Agency–COVID-19–National Health Insurance Service (K-COV-N) cohort. Individuals confirmed from October 8, 2020, to December 31, 2022, controls identified among individuals who participated in general health examination 2018 were included analysis. Exposures Confirmed COVID-19. Main Outcomes Measures Incidence disorders patients Various covariates, such as demographic characteristics, data, socioeconomic status, comorbidity profiles, balanced using inverse probability weighting. Results A total 6 912 427 participants (53.6% male; mean [SD] age, 53.39 [20.13] years) consisting 3 145 388 767 039 observational period more than 180 days included. Alopecia areata (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 1.11 [95% CI, 1.07-1.15]), alopecia totalis (AHR, 1.24 1.09-1.42]), vitiligo 1.04-1.19]), Behçet disease 1.45 1.20-1.74]), Crohn 1.35 1.14-1.60]), ulcerative colitis 1.15 1.04-1.28]), rheumatoid arthritis 1.09 1.06-1.12]), systemic lupus erythematosus 1.14 1.01-1.28]), Sjögren syndrome 1.13 1.03-1.25]), ankylosing spondylitis 1.02-1.20]), bullous pemphigoid 1.62 1.07-2.45]) associated higher group. Subgroup analyses revealed that factors, including male female sex, age younger 40 years, years older, exhibited diverse associations outcomes. In addition, severe infection requiring intensive care unit admission, Delta period, not being vaccinated risk. Conclusions Relevance cohort follow-up found various disorders. Long-term monitoring is crucial COVID-19, considering severity, vaccination mitigate these risks.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
Autoimmune disorders reported following COVID-19 vaccination: A disproportionality analysis using the WHO database DOI
Seohyun Kim, Sungho Bea, Seung‐Ah Choe

и другие.

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 80(3), С. 445 - 453

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
New-Onset MDA-5 Dermatomyositis in a Patient Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report DOI Open Access
Eleana Bolla, G. Fragoulis, Alexios Iliopoulos

и другие.

Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 35(1), С. 179 - 179

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Vaccination against Sars-CoV-2 has been proven to significantly reduce COVID-19 morbidity and mortality is therefore recommended for the general population, especially seniors with impaired immunity.However, it currently postulated that vaccines could rarely induce autoimmune diseases in previously healthy individuals.We report a case of new-onset anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (anti-MDA5) antibody-positive dermatomyositis patient presenting rash fever following third dose vaccine.The laboratory testing revealed high titres anti-MDA-5 antibody chest computed tomography showed micronodular lesions ground glass opacities bilaterally.The was promptly treated corticosteroids, methotrexate, azathioprine, later started on rituximab due exacerbation along newly formed, diffuse skin ulcers.Our highlights potential immunogenicity need further reporting rare rheumatic syndromes possibly related disease vaccination.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3