Autoimmune neuro-ophthalmic disorders: pathophysiologic mechanisms and targeted biologic therapies

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 22

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025

Autoimmune neuro-ophthalmic disorders encompass a diverse array of conditions, including thyroid eye disease (TED), myasthenia gravis (MG), optic neuropathy due to giant cell arteritis (GCA), and neuritis related multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated (MOGAD). While traditional treatments have shown efficacy in managing symptoms, the rapid emergence biologic therapies has brought forth new avenues for targeted intervention, revolutionizing treatment approaches these conditions. This review highlights pathophysiologic pathways FDA-approved utilized management autoimmune disorders. We explore therapeutic disorders, IGF-1 R antagonism, IL-6 inhibition, complement FcRn targeting, B-cell depletion T-cell modulation. Literature from clinical trials, observational studies, meta-analyses through 2024 was evaluated assess efficacy, safety, long-term outcomes. Biologic represent significant advancement offering with improved safety profiles compared treatments. Ongoing developments biomarker identification delivery systems suggest an increasingly personalized approach treatment. Future advances will likely focus on optimizing patient selection, reducing costs, improving accessibility, developing novel targets.

Язык: Английский

Mechanisms of Mt.b Ag85B-Fc fusion protein against allergic asthma in mice by intranasal immunization

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 137535 - 137535

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский