Future Cardiology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 21
Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2025
Recent
trials
underscore
the
cardiovascular
(CV),
renal,
and
metabolic
benefits
of
semaglutide
in
individuals
with
without
type
2
diabetes
(T2D).
In
T2D,
enhances
glycemic
control,
reduces
major
adverse
CV
events
(MACE),
slows
chronic
kidney
disease
(CKD)
progression.
The
SUSTAIN-6
trial
demonstrated
a
26%
MACE
reduction
(HR
0.74;
95%
CI:
0.58-0.95;
p
=
0.02)
high
CV-risk
patients
T2D
using
(0.5
or
1.0
mg
weekly).
Similarly,
FLOW
showed
24%
0.76;
0.66-0.88;
0.002)
weekly
CKD.
Beyond
SELECT
highlighted
semaglutide's
efficacy
reducing
by
20%
0.80;
0.72-0.90;
<
0.001)
slowing
function
loss
overweight
obese
preexisting
2.4
weekly.
Additionally,
alleviates
heart
failure
symptoms
hospitalizations
regardless
status.
These
findings
role
improving
kidney,
CV,
survival
outcomes
among
high-risk
patients.
This
review
highlights
cardio-kidney-metabolic
to
inform
cardiologists
about
its
potential
enhance
patient
care.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(5), С. 387 - 387
Опубликована: Март 6, 2025
In
recent
years,
new
drugs
for
the
treatment
of
type
2
diabetes
(T2D)
have
been
proposed,
including
glucagon-like
peptide
1
(GLP-1)
agonists
or
sodium–glucose
cotransporter
(SGLT2)
inhibitors
and
dipeptidyl
peptidase-4
(DPP-4)
inhibitors.
Over
time,
some
these
agents
(in
particular,
GLP-1
SGLT2
inhibitors),
which
were
initially
developed
their
glucose-lowering
actions,
demonstrated
significant
beneficial
pleiotropic
effects,
thus
expanding
potential
therapeutic
applications.
This
review
aims
to
discuss
mechanisms,
GLP-1,
DPP-4,
SGLT2,
with
a
particular
focus
on
cardiorenal
benefits
beyond
glycemic
control.
European Journal of Neurology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
32(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Parkinson's
disease
is
a
progressive
neurodegenerative
disorder
with
no
cure.
Glucagon-like
peptide-1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1RAs)
may
have
neuroprotective
effects.
However,
long-term
real-world
studies
are
needed
to
clarify
their
potential
impact
on
disease.
This
nationwide
cohort
study
included
33,462
patients
(16,731
GLP-1RA
initiators
and
16,731
propensity
score-matched
dipeptidyl
peptidase-4
inhibitor
[DPP-4i]
initiators)
from
2007
2018,
followed
until
2022.
Eligible
participants
were
≥
50
years,
had
prior
cancer
or
disease,
residents
in
Denmark
for
at
least
10
years.
Patients
diagnosis,
death,
emigration,
treatment
discontinuation
(no
additional
prescription
within
180
days),
switch
the
other
drug,
end
of
follow-up.
Additional
analyses
comparisons
insulin,
competing
risk
main
analysis
disregarding
adherence.
During
follow-up,
192
developed
including
93
during
sustained
treatment.
After
users
lower
hazard
ratio
(HR
0.57
(95%
CI
0.37;0.85))
absolute
difference
(-0.24
-0.63
0.15))
compared
DPP-4i
users.
Similar
trends
found
when
using
insulin
as
comparator.
A
significant
survival
advantage
was
among
(particularly
comparing
insulin).
When
not
accounting
adherence,
results
statistically
significant.
Results
suggestive
effect
GLP-1RAs
against
Further
assess
biomarkers
progression,
evaluate
safety
dosing,
effects
combined
treatments
diseases.
Albiglutide,
dulaglutide,
exenatide,
liraglutide,
lixisenatide,
orforglipron
and
semaglutide
are
glucagon-like
peptide‑1
(GLP-1)
receptor
agonists.
Tirzepatide
targets
not
only
GLP‑1
but
also
glucose-dependent
insulinotropic
peptide
(GIP)
receptors
retatrutide
is
a
triple
GLP‑1,
GIP
glucagon
agonist.
The
agonists
increase
insulin
release
suppress
release.
They
slow
down
the
emptying
of
stomach
thus
prevent
blood
sugar
spikes.
reduce
appetite
food
intake.
In
brain
lead
to
better
glycemic
control
they
appear
have
anti-inflammatory
neuroprotective
effects.
It
has
been
reported
that
oxidative
stress
apoptosis,
lower
risk
ischemia
promote
neurogenesis.
can
influence
dopaminergic
signal
transduction
in
nucleus
accumbens.
Therefore,
could
modify
effect
cocaine,
alcohol
nicotine.
Preliminary
investigations
provide
indications
therapeutic
benefits
for
people
with
dementia,
eating
disorders,
psychopharmacologically
induced
weight
gain,
depression,
anxiety
substance
use
disorders.
Typical
accompanying
adverse
reactions
gastrointestinal
side
effects,
such
as
nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea,
eructation
gastroesophageal
reflux.
More
severe
effects
include
pancreatitis,
allergic
reactions,
renal
function
disorders
possibly
an
increased
thyroid
cancer.
Abstract
Vascular
dementia
(VaD)
is
a
syndrome
of
cognitive
dysfunction
caused
by
cerebrovascular
damage.
At
present,
VaD
mainly
prevented
controlling
vascular
risk
factors
clinically,
while
there
has
been
limited
progress
in
therapies
directly
targeting
its
pathological
mechanism.
Mitochondrial
plays
key
role
the
pathogenesis
VaD,
but
are
no
drugs
to
improve
regulating
mitochondrial
function
clinical
practice.
In
this
study,
semaglutide
was
used
as
an
intervention
therapy
and
results
showed
that
could
regulate
balance
dynamics
mitophagy
activating
phosphatidylinositol
3‐kinase/protein
kinase
B
signaling
pathway,
adjust
phenotype
glial
cells
from
proinflammatory
states
anti‐inflammatory
states,
dysfunction.
This
study
identifies
therapeutic
way
linking
hippocampal
neuronal
protection,
reduction
pathology,
restoration
function,
with
important
implications
for
treatment
VaD.
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. jnnp - 335593
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025
Disease-modifying
treatments
for
major
neurocognitive
disorders,
including
Alzheimer’s
disease,
Parkinson’s
disease
and
other
cognitive
deficits,
are
among
the
main
unmet
needs
in
modern
medicine.
Glucagon-like
peptide-1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1RAs),
currently
licensed
treatment
of
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
obesity,
offer
a
novel,
multilayered
mechanism
intervention
neurodegeneration
through
intermediate,
aetiology-agnostic
pathways,
likely
involving
metabolic,
inflammatory
several
relevant
neurobiological
processes.
In
vitro
animal
studies
have
revealed
promising
signals
neuroprotection,
with
preliminary
supportive
evidence
emerging
from
recent
pharmacoepidemiological
investigations
clinical
trials.
this
article,
we
comprehensively
review
that
investigate
impact
GLP-1RAs
on
various
aetiologies
impairment
dementia
syndromes.
Focusing
human
studies,
highlight
how
brain
energy
homeostasis,
neurogenesis,
synaptic
functioning,
neuroinflammation
cellular
stress
responses,
pathological
protein
aggregates,
proteostasis,
cerebrovascular
system
blood-brain
barrier
dynamics
may
underlie
GLP-1RA
putative
neuroprotective
effects.
We
then
report
appraise
observational
investigations,
trials
pooled
analyses.
Finally,
discuss
current
challenges
perspectives
ahead
research
implementation
care
people
their
individual
penetrance
potential,
need
response
biomarkers
stage-based
indications,
possible
non-specific
effects
health,
profile
terms
adverse
events
unwanted
effects,
lack
long-term
data
efficacy
safety,
issues
surrounding
cost
availability
treatment.
Current Issues in Molecular Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
47(4), С. 285 - 285
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025
Glucagon-like
peptide
1
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1
RAs)
have
emerged
as
a
promising
therapeutic
option
beyond
their
established
role
in
managing
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM)
and
obesity.
Recent
research
has
highlighted
beneficial
effects
on
liver,
kidney,
cardiovascular
health,
mediated
by
both
direct
indirect
mechanisms.
In
the
GLP-1
RAs
contribute
to
improvement
of
metabolic
dysfunction-associated
steatotic
liver
disease
(MASLD)
reducing
hepatic
fat
accumulation,
inflammation,
oxidative
stress.
Additionally,
they
enhance
insulin
sensitivity
lipid
metabolism.
Similarly,
diabetic
kidney
(DKD),
exhibit
renoprotective
properties
mitigating
stress,
glomerular
hypertension.
Furthermore,
promote
natriuresis
stabilize
renal
function.
Moreover,
present
significant
benefits,
including
improved
myocardial
function,
reduced
atherosclerosis
progression,
enhanced
endothelial
decreased
major
adverse
events
(MACEs).
emerging
evidence
suggests
may
exert
substantial
neuropsychiatric
reductions
depressive
symptoms,
anxiety,
substance
use
behaviors,
lowering
risk
Alzheimer’s
disease,
Parkinson’s
other
dementias
likely
modulation
neurotransmitter
systems
neuroinflammation.
Genetic
polymorphisms
GLP1R
gene
also
impact
response,
highlighting
importance
personalized
medicine
optimizing
RA
efficacy.
This
review
synthesizes
preclinical
clinical
supporting
multifaceted
across
multiple
organ
systems,
potential
glycemic
control.
As
advances,
further
exploration
mechanisms
action
long-term
outcomes,
safety
effectiveness
diverse
patient
populations
will
be
essential
treating
conditions.
Surgeries,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
6(2), С. 38 - 38
Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2025
Introduction:
Traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI)
involves
a
diverse
group
of
head
blunt
and/or
penetrating
injuries
and
is
leading
cause
death
in
the
U.S.,
accounting
for
one-third
all
injury-related
deaths.
A
post-injury
hyperglycemic
state
may
commonly
impact
TBI
prognosis
strongly
correlate
with
severity.
Diabetes
mellitus
(DM)
also
be
source
concomitant
hyperglycemia
that
can
worsen
prognosis,
previous
literature
suggesting
DM
could
an
independent
predictor
poor
outcome
mortality
after
TBI.
Methods:
Using
multi-center,
national
TriNetX
database,
we
performed
propensity
score-matched
analysis
severe
patients
without
(NDM)
from
2014
to
2024.
We
examined
risk
complications,
including
sepsis,
cerebral
infarction,
pulmonary
embolism.
sub-group
comparing
complications
between
either
insulin-dependent
or
insulin-independent
forms
DM.
Results:
total
26,019
were
included
(4604
vs.
21,415
NDM).
After
score
matching,
had
significantly
lower
(RR:
0.815;
95%
CI:
0.771–0.861;
p
<
0.05)
ventilator
dependency
0.902;
0.844–0.963;
compared
NDM
patients.
However,
higher
infarctions,
seizures,
pneumonia,
sepsis
(p
0.05).
Sub-group
found
no
significant
difference
Conclusion:
Our
results
suggest
secondary
plays
complicated
role
outcomes
Unexpectedly,
identified
both
increased
decreased
These
reflect
current
challenges
surrounding
pre-existing
patients’
outcomes,
diabetic
medications
on
patient
changing
aggressive
glucose
management
critical
care
