Combined loss of brevican, neurocan, tenascin-C and tenascin-R leads to impaired fear retrieval due to perineuronal net loss
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025
Abstract
In
conditions
such
as
neurodegenerative
diseases,
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD),
addiction
and
spinal
cord
injuries,
restricted
synaptic
plasticity
hinders
the
formation
of
new
neuronal
connections,
preventing
compensation
treatment
adverse
behaviors.
Perineuronal
nets
(PNNs)
significantly
restrict
by
inhibiting
synapse
formation.
The
digestion
PNNs
has
been
associated
with
short-term
cognitive
improvements
reduced
long-term
memory,
offering
potential
therapeutic
benefits
in
PTSD.
This
study
investigates
correlation
between
fear
memory
processes
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
mutant
mice,
particularly
focusing
on
amygdala-medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC)
circuit,
which
is
crucial
for
generation
maintenance.
Fear
conditioning
was
conducted
mice
lacking
four
key
ECM-molecules:
brevican,
neurocan,
tenascin-C
tenascin-R
(4x
KO).
These
exhibited
severe
impairments
consolidation,
evident
their
inability
to
retrieve
previously
learned
memories,
coupled
PNN
density
disturbed
integrity
along
PNNs.
Additionally,
changes
neural
activity
basolateral
amygdala
(BL)
reductions
VGAT
+
puncta
amygdala-mPFC
circuit
were
observed.
contrast,
tenascin
single
KOs
showed
intact
behavior
compared
control
groups.
Impaired
consolidation
can
be
advantageous
certain
conditions,
PTSD,
making
4x
KO
an
intriguing
model
future
studies
highlighting
Tnc,
Tnr
compelling
targets
further
investigation.
underscores
significance
ECM
regulation
organization
modulation
a
target
memory-related
conditions.
Язык: Английский
The influence of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exposure on retinal development in the human retinal organoids
Cell & Bioscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025
Abstract
Background
Pregnant
women
are
considered
a
high-risk
population
for
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
infection,
as
the
virus
can
infect
placenta
and
embryos.
Recently,
SARS-CoV-2
has
been
widely
reported
to
cause
retinal
pathological
changes
embryonic
retina.
The
infection
of
host
cells
by
is
primarily
mediated
through
spike
(S)
protein,
which
also
plays
crucial
role
in
pathogenesis
SARS-CoV-2.
However,
it
remains
poorly
understood
how
S
protein
affects
development,
underlying
mechanism
not
yet
clarified.
Methods
We
used
human
stem
cell-derived
organoids
(hEROs)
model
study
effect
exposure
at
different
stages
development.
hEROs
were
treated
with
μg/mL
on
days
90
280.
Immunofluorescence
staining,
RNA
sequencing,
RT-PCR
performed
assess
influence
development
both
early
late
stages.
Results
results
showed
that
ACE2
TMPRSS2,
receptors
facilitating
entry
into
cells,
expressed
hEROs.
Exposure
induced
an
inflammatory
response
Additionally,
sequencing
indicated
affected
nuclear
components
lipid
metabolism,
while
late-stages
resulted
cell
membrane
extracellular
matrix.
Conclusion
This
work
highlights
differential
effects
stages,
providing
insights
cellular
molecular
mechanisms
SARS-CoV-2-induced
developmental
impairments
Язык: Английский
Neural extracellular matrix regulates visual sensory motor integration
iScience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
27(2), С. 108846 - 108846
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024
Visual
processing
depends
on
sensitive
and
balanced
synaptic
neurotransmission.
Extracellular
matrix
proteins
in
the
environment
of
cells
are
key
modulators
synaptogenesis
plasticity.
In
present
study,
we
provide
evidence
that
combined
loss
four
extracellular
components,
brevican,
neurocan,
tenascin-C,
tenascin-R,
quadruple
knockout
mice
leads
to
severe
retinal
dysfunction
diminished
visual
motion
Язык: Английский