Mucosal Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Trends in Parasitology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16
Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025
Aims Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at-risk for developing vascular dementia (VaD). Hyperglycemia leads to the activation of astrocytes. These activated cells produce proinflammatory mediators like cytokines or chemokines, that cause cerebrovascular damage. Previous sequencing showed Pdpn ’s high expression in stellate and possible inflammation involvement. Our study aims reveal its role T2DM-induced hippocampal VaD. Methods Firstly, we will validate gene T2DM astrocytes via qPCR Western blot. Subsequently GFAP-specific promoter adeno-associated virus(AAV)carrying interfering sequence was used knockdown key mice. Then step-down test conducted assess cognition level. The fluorescence intensities IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β were measured immunofluorescence assay level brain after knockdown. Results After validation transcriptome sequencing, identified as a upregulated from T2DM. Comparing mice, knocking down extended latency decreased number errors showing improved memory impairment. assessment, mice euthanized, inflammatory factors associated VaD detected by immunofluorescence. We TGF-β1 hippocampus Conclusion In summary, this demonstrates exerts novel player neuroinflammation cognitive decline. Knocking shows protective effect
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
European Journal of Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 177408 - 177408
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 279 - 279
Опубликована: Март 6, 2025
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) comprises distinct cell types, including endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, is essential for central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis by selectively regulating molecular transport maintaining integrity. In particular, astrocytes are BBB function, as they maintain integrity through their end-feet, which form a physical biochemical interface that enhances function selectivity. Moreover, secrete growth factors like vascular factor (VEGF) transforming factor-beta (TGF-β), regulate tight junction (TJ) proteins (e.g., claudins occludins) crucial limiting paracellular permeability. Molecular motors kinesins, dynein, myosins these astrocyte functions. By facilitating vesicular trafficking protein transport, various functions, of junctional to support integrity, the proper mitochondria localization within processes efficient energy supply, polarized distribution aquaporin (AQP)-4 at end-feet water across BBB, modulation neuroinflammatory responses. myosin modulate actomyosin dynamics process outgrowth, adhesion, migration, morphology, functional roles. Thus, motor dysregulation in can compromise increasing risk neurodegeneration. This review explores complex interplay between homeostasis, represents an attractive but poorly explored area research.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
International Journal of Cancer, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Breast cancer brain metastases (BrM) are a common and fatal complication in advanced breast patients, with the intricate microenvironment significantly limiting efficacy of current therapeutic strategies. Recently, neuro-astrocytic network, as core component metastasis microenvironment, has garnered extensive attention for its pivotal role supporting tumor adaptive growth. This review systematically outlines mechanisms network BrM, including bidirectional interactions between cells, neurons, astrocytes, their profound effects on synapse-like signaling, metabolic pathways, regulatory networks. Furthermore, we integrate recent advancements exploring targets discuss potential intervention strategies against tumor-microenvironment associated challenges. Future research focusing multi-target collaborative within this clinical translational may provide new avenues precise treatment BrM.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
ABSTRACT Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation. Astrocytes play key role in the neuroinflammatory environment of AD, especially through lipid metabolism regulation. However, mechanisms which astrocytes, particularly triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2) receptor, contribute to dysregulation neuroinflammation AD remain inadequately understood. Methods We employed an mouse model integrated single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq), transcriptomics, high‐throughput metabolomics analyze inflammatory profiles astrocytes. Differential gene expression was further validated with GEO database, vitro vivo experiments were conducted assess impact Trem2 modulation astrocytic inflammation composition. Results Our findings demonstrate that modulates affecting fatty acid phospholipid pathways. In model, suppressed, enhancing nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling promoting secretion pro‐inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). overexpression reduced altered composition, attenuating both vivo. These results underscore Trem2's regulatory its significant AD. Conclusions This study identifies pivotal regulator providing potential molecular targets for early intervention therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating progression.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(24), С. 13614 - 13614
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024
Neuroimmunology is reshaping the understanding of central nervous system (CNS), revealing it as an active immune organ rather than isolated structure. This review delves into unprecedented discoveries transforming field, including emerging roles microglia, astrocytes, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) in orchestrating neuroimmune dynamics. Highlighting their dual both repair disease progression, we uncover how these elements contribute to intricate pathophysiology neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular conditions, CNS tumors. Novel insights microglial priming, astrocytic cytokine networks, meningeal lymphatics challenge conventional paradigms privilege, offering fresh perspectives on mechanisms. work introduces groundbreaking therapeutic innovations, from precision immunotherapies controlled modulation BBB using nanotechnology focused ultrasound. Moreover, explore fusion with neuromodulatory technologies, underscoring new frontiers for personalized medicine previously intractable diseases. By synthesizing advancements, propose a transformative framework that integrates cutting-edge research clinical translation, charting bold path toward redefining management era neuroimmunology.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(12), С. 1213 - 1213
Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024
Tinnitus is correlated with anomalies of neural plasticity and has been found to be affected by inflammatory status. The current theories on tinnitus, although still somewhat incomplete, are based maladaptive mechanisms. Astrocytes play a major role in both responses inflammation regulation; moreover, they have recently discovered encode “context” for neuronal circuits, which similar the “expectation” Bayesian brain models. Therefore, this narrative review explores possible likely roles astrocytes mechanisms leading acute chronic tinnitus.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Mucosal Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0