Modes and Mechanisms of Salivary Gland Epithelial Cell Death in Sjogren's Syndrome

Advanced Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7(12)

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2023

Abstract Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease in middle and old‐aged women with a dry mucosal surface, which caused by the dysfunction of secretory glands, such as oral cavity, eyeballs, pharynx. Pathologically, are characterized lymphocyte infiltration into exocrine glands epithelial cell destruction autoantibodies Ro/SSA La/SSB. At present, exact pathogenesis unclear. Evidence suggests death subsequent salivary main causes xerostomia. This review summarizes modes gland their role progression. The molecular mechanisms involved during potential leads to treating also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Autophagy Dysfunction: The Kernel of Hair Loss?

Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер Volume 17, С. 1165 - 1181

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Autophagy is recognized as a crucial regulatory process, instrumental in the removal of senescent, dysfunctional, and damaged cells. Within autophagic lysosomal digestion plays critical role elimination impaired organelles, thus preserving fundamental cellular metabolic functions various biological processes. Mitophagy, targeted process that specifically focuses on mitochondria, essential for sustaining health energy balance. Therefore, deep comprehension operational mechanisms implications autophagy mitophagy vital disease prevention treatment. In this context, we examine during hair follicle cycles, closely scrutinizing their potential association with loss. We also conduct thorough review behind mitophagy, highlighting interaction stem cells dermal papilla conclusion, investigate manipulating pathways to develop innovative therapeutic strategies

Язык: Английский

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Metal Toxicity and Dementia Including Frontotemporal Dementia: Current State of Knowledge

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(8), С. 938 - 938

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) includes a number of neurodegenerative diseases, often with early onset (before 65 years old), characterized by progressive, irreversible deficits in behavioral, linguistic, and executive functions, which are difficult to diagnose due their similar phenotypic characteristics other dementias psychiatric disorders. The genetic contribution is utmost importance, although environmental risk factors also play role its pathophysiology. In fact, some metals known produce free radicals, which, accumulating the brain over time, can induce oxidative stress, inflammation, protein misfolding, all these being key features FTD conditions. Therefore, present review aims summarize current evidence about FTD-mainly dealing toxic metal exposure-since identification such potential lead diagnosis promotion policies interventions. This would allow us, reducing exposure pollutants, potentially affect society at large positive manner, decreasing burden conditions on affected individuals overall. Future perspectives, including application Artificial Intelligence principles field, related found so far, introduced.

Язык: Английский

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Inhibiting SNX10 induces autophagy to suppress invasion and EMT and inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway in cervical cancer

Clinical & Translational Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Lights and Shadows of Cytokines in Age‐Related Eye Diseases: A Narrative Literature Review

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The eye is considered to be an immune‐privileged region. However, several parts of the have distinct mechanisms for delivering immune cells injury sites or even in response aging. Although these responses are intended protective, visual acuity can compromised by release pro‐inflammatory cytokines cells, which induce chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Age‐related diseases (AREDs) primary cause vision impairment (VI) elderly, with a poor comprehension their pathophysiology. affect both anterior posterior segments, resulting diminished quality life risk irreversible blindness. Immune system dysregulation upregulation been linked AREDs, underscoring need comprehend inflammation's impact on ocular disorders enhance patient symptom management. In this framework, PubMed database was searched using medical subject headings (MeSH) terms “Age‐related diseases,” “dry syndrome,” “glaucoma,” “cataract,” “diabetic retinopathy,” “inflammation,” “interleukin,” “cytokine” aim overview role AREDs discuss potential therapeutic approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Beclin 1-Mediated Autophagy Is Potentiated by an Interaction with the Neuronal Adaptor FE65

Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1), С. 97 - 97

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2025

Autophagy is a vital cellular pathway in eukaryotic cells, including neurons, where it plays significant roles neurodevelopment and maintenance. A crucial step autophagy the formation of class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex 1 (PI3KC3-C1), which essential for initiating autophagosome biogenesis. Beclin key component PI3KC3-C1, its interactors have been reported to affect autophagy. The brain-enriched adaptor protein FE65 has shown interact with Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor (APP) alter processing APP. Additionally, implicated various pathways, We demonstrate here that positively regulates FE65, through C-terminus, 1. Notably, overexpression enhances 1-mediated autophagy, whereas this process attenuated knockout cells. Moreover, stimulatory effect on diminished by an C-terminus deletion mutant disrupts FE65–Beclin interaction. Lastly, we found FE65-Beclin interaction modulates kinase activity PI3KC3-C1 complex. Together, identified as novel interactor, potentiates

Язык: Английский

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SESN1 negatively regulates STING1 to maintain innate immune homeostasis

Autophagy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 18

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

STING1 is a central hub protein of CGAS-STING1 signaling which important axis to sense DNA for the host against pathogens infection through regulating type I interferon (IFN-I) production. However, excessive activation-induced overproduced IFN-I triggers tissue damage and autoimmune disorders. Thus, activity must be precisely regulated immune homeostasis. Here, we discovered SESN1 (sestrin 1) as an essential negative regulator maintain Upon herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection, expression was downregulated, enhanced potentiality virus defense host. Consistently, SESN1-deficient mice exhibited stronger ability HSV-1 compared wild-type littermates. Additionally, found decreased in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients trex1 KO mouse model disease. Intriguingly, replenishment effectively impressed production responses PBMCs human SLE specimens both vitro vivo. Mechanistically, targeted promoted autophagic degradation by facilitating interaction SQSTM1/p62 STING1. Together, our study uncovers crucial role homeostasis balance anti-virus autoimmunity might potential therapeutic target infectious diseases.Abbreviations: BMDMs: bone marrow-derived macrophages; cGAMP: cyclic GMP-AMP; CGAS: GMP-AMP synthase; HTDNA: herring testes DNA; IFNA4: alpha 4; IFNB: beta; IRF3: regulatory factor 3; ISD: stimulatory ISGs: IFN-stimulated genes; PBMCs: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; RSAD2: radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2; SLE: erythematosus; STING1: stimulator response cGAMP interactor 1; TBK1: TANK binding kinase 1.

Язык: Английский

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Lycium barbarum polysaccharide protects BMSCs against cadmium-induced suppression of osteogenic differentiation by modulating autophagy

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 295, С. 118148 - 118148

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Route of Application and Dose Evaluation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells for the Treatment of Sialadenitis Caused by Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Preclinical Study

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(5), С. 1068 - 1068

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2025

Background: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by sicca and/or systemic manifestations. In this study, non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were used as animal model for studying SS, to evaluate the optimal administration route and dose range of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in treatment sialadenitis caused SS. Methods: Different doses DPSCs transplanted into submandibular glands (SMGs) 14-week-old NOD through two different methods: injection or retrograde perfusion catheter orifice SMG. At 21 weeks age, saliva flow rate (SFR), ectopic lymphocytes, CD4+ T-cell infiltration measured. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) glandular tissues also quantitatively detected. Results: Compared with untreated PBS-injected controls, different-dose groups methods showed increased varying degrees, reduced lymphocytes T SMG, decreased IFN-γ/TNF-α levels. Finally, we compared these routes found that 2 × 105 presents good therapeutic effects. Conclusions: DPSC a simple effective method, which worthy further investigation clinical trials.

Язык: Английский

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Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: Immunomodulatory effects in autoimmune diseases

World Journal of Biological Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(2)

Опубликована: Май 29, 2025

Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), originally developed as antimalarial drugs, have found a new purpose in treating various autoimmune diseases due to their immunomodulatory properties. These drugs work through multiple mechanisms, including inhibiting Toll-like receptor signaling, suppressing antigen presentation, modulating autophagy. This review article provides comprehensive analysis of the effects CQ HCQ several such systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, sclerosis, others. We delve into intricate mechanisms action, highlighting key immune cells involved discussing clinical implications these managing conditions. Our covers latest research trials, offering understanding therapeutic potential diseases. also discuss challenges controversies surrounding use long-term side need for personalized treatment approaches. By synthesizing current knowledge identifying areas future research, this aims provide valuable resource healthcare professionals researchers management

Язык: Английский

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