Biomonitoring
involves
the
use
of
biological
organisms
to
detect
or
measure
presence
various
toxic
substances
rather
on
land
in
water.
Fish
resides
aquatic
environments
and
its
position
at
top
food
chain
has
made
it
a
useful
tool
for
biomonitoring.
They
can
easily
accumulate
pollutants
that
are
bio-available
environment,
most
especially
their
gills.
The
composition,
abundance,
distribution
fish
species
give
potential
indication
condition
environments.
Other
such
as
crustaceans,
zooplankton,
macro
micro
invertebrates
also
be
used
because
they
ubiquitous.
is
principally
dictated
by
effects
land-based
activities,
which
affect
water
quality
composition.
Humans
other
hand
exposed
bio-accumulated
when
plants
consumed
from
polluted
In
lieu
this,
therefore
essential
sustainably
biomonitor
environments,
either
with
tool.
Productivity
impaired
primary
production
inhibited
increased
concentration
organic
wastes.
responses
pollution
biomonitoring
recorded
form
percentage
mortality,
enzymatic
responses,
histological
electrolyte
haematological
genotoxicity
DNA
changes.
environment
biotic
abiotic
components
tool,
may
regulated
biomarker
application
approaches.
Conversely,
sustainable
approaches
indicator
geared.
This
review,
therefore,
emphasizes
population
composition
relation
pollution,
human
health
monitoring,
plant
behavioural
environmental
factors
pollutants,
employed
indication.
Journal of New Economy,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
25(4), С. 85 - 105
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025
The
relevance
of
the
research
stems
from
nature
approaches
to
definition
and
measurement
regional
welfare
still
debated
in
extant
research.
Particular
importance
attached
this
problem
is
related
concept
sustainable
development,
which
centres
on
promoting
prosperity
while
protecting
planet.
paper
aims
form
an
original
theoretical
model
depicting
mutual
influence
development
welfare.
fundamental
propositions
economics,
as
well
spatial
theories
constitute
methodological
basis
study.
methods
used
are
comparative
analysis,
synthesis,
conceptual
modelling.
findings
confirm
that
acts
simultaneously
a
target
due
having
elements
identical
spheres
its
struc
ture,
key
factor
incorporat
ing
set
material
non-material,
economic
non-economic
goods,
build
up
economic,
social,
environmental,
institutional
ensuring
incessant
process
changes
socio-ecological-economic
system
impacted
by
interregional,
national
international
factors
external
environment
region.
proposed
advances
scientific
ideas
about
main
tenance
contributes
theory
welfare,
creates
for
devising
method
measure
The
environment
comprises
both
living
and
nonliving
components,
their
interplay
dictates
the
health
sustenance
of
environment.
Emergent
properties
from
this
interaction,
various
by-products
are
released
directly
or
indirectly
into
Water
environments
very
dynamic,
composition
is
based
on
inputs
they
receive
land
which
may
be
discharged
it.
These
pollutants
in
forms
such
as
solid,
liquid,
gases
composed
chemicals
biological
processes.
They
capable
imposing
stress
water
thereby
affecting
ubiquitous
migratory
organisms
dwelling
Organisms
have
different
tolerable
ranges
to
these
some
migrate
die
extreme
cases.
Some
bio-accumulating
organisms,
causing
issues
along
higher
levels
food
chain.
Approaches
biomarkers
use
molecular
approaches
can
used
for
detection
water.
biomarker
include
macrophytes,
plankton,
fishes,
aquatic
reptiles,
amphibians,
arthropods,
benthic
mammals,
micro-organisms.
Similarly,
responses
chemical,
nonchemical,
histological,
Histopathological
processes
that
pollution
environments.
has
numerous
importance,
its
prospects
enormous.
It
applied
ecotoxicology
biology,
proteogenomic
approach
coming
biomarker,
genotoxicity
(DNA
damage
micronucleus
formation),
reproductive
impairments.
Despite
advantages,
there
several
limitations
associated
with
environment,
issue
sustainable
freshwater
marine
ecosystem
crucial.
To
end,
paper
reviews
environments,
responses,
tools,
perspectives,
