Processes,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(5), С. 1010 - 1010
Опубликована: Май 15, 2024
The
escalating
challenge
of
waste
management
demands
innovative
strategies
to
mitigate
environmental
impacts
and
harness
valuable
resources.
This
study
investigates
waste-to-energy
(WtE)
technologies
for
municipal
in
Kočevje,
Slovenia.
An
analysis
available
streams
reveals
substantial
energy
potential
from
mixed
waste,
biodegradable
livestock
manure.
Various
WtE
technologies,
including
incineration,
pyrolysis,
gasification,
anaerobic
digestion,
are
compared.
results
show
that
processing
using
thermochemical
processes
could
annually
yield
up
0.98
GWh
electricity,
and,
separately,
3.22
useable
heat
district
heating
or
industrial
applications.
Furthermore,
by
treating
90%
the
1.31
electricity
1.76
usable
be
generated
manure
digestion
biogas
combustion
a
combined
power
facility.
Gasification
coupled
with
gas-turbine-based
cycle
is
suggested
as
optimal.
Integration
2.29
3.55
annually,
representing
an
annual
exergy
2.98
GWh.
Within
Kočevje
municipality,
this
amount
cover
23.6%
household
needs
space
water
requirements
10.0%
households
heating.
Additionally,
CO2-eq.
emissions
reduced
20%,
while
further
offsetting
associated
generation
1907
tons
annually.
These
findings
highlight
enhance
self-sustainability
reduce
landfill
waste.
Chemical Engineering Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
482, С. 149090 - 149090
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2024
In
this
research,
an
enhanced
visible
light
response
of
oxygen
and
phosphorus-doped
porous
g-C3N4
(HAPA-CN)
was
prepared
by
thermo-polymerization
urea,
hydroxyacetic
acid
phytic
acid.
Its
internal
structure
verified
solid-state
nuclear
magnetism
(NMR)
secondary
ion
mass
spectrometry
(SIMS).
The
surface
electron
density
on
HAPA-CN
the
inclusion
phosphorus.
boosted
photocatalytic
activity
attributed
to
high
spectral
utilization
sunlight
meliorated
charge
separation
efficiency.
experimental
results
showed
that
0.05
HAPA-CN/persulfate
(PS)
system
exhibited
a
higher
efficiency
in
photodegradation
process
bisphenol
A
(BPA)
2-mercaptobenzothiazole
(MBT).
Compared
with
ordinary
g-C3N4,
integration
photocatalysis
persulfate
oxidation
led
increase
removal
BPA
MBT
pollutants,
which
increased
68.11
11.18
times,
respectively.
also
certain
under
long-wavelength
irradiation
such
as
blue,
green,
red
light.
conversion
sodium
lignosulfonate
(SL),
HAPA-CN/PS
achieved
maximum
yield
134.34
mg/gSL
vanillic
at
30
min,
significantly
better
than
g-C3N4.
Synergistic
gas
production
(H2,
CO,
CH4,
C2H4,
C2H6)
enhanced.
Combined
theoretical
calculations,
mechanism
analyzed.
This
work
provides
new
insights
for
exploring
photocatalyst
combine
structure,
phosphorus
co-doping
PS
activation
technology
organic
pollutants
lignin
valorization.
Biomass,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
4(3), С. 947 - 977
Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024
Lignin,
the
earth’s
second-most
abundant
biopolymer
after
cellulose,
has
long
been
relegated
to
low-value
byproducts
in
pulp
and
paper
industry.
However,
recent
advancements
valorization
are
transforming
lignin
into
a
sustainable
versatile
feedstock
for
producing
high-value
biofuels,
bioplastics,
specialty
chemicals.
This
review
explores
conversion
of
lignin’s
complex
structure,
composed
syringyl
(S),
guaiacyl
(G),
p-hydroxyphenyl
(H)
units,
value-added
products.
We
critically
assess
various
biochemical
analytical
techniques
employed
comprehensive
characterization.
Additionally,
we
explore
strategies
upgrading
functionalization
enhance
its
suitability
advanced
biomaterials.
The
emphasizes
key
areas
valorization,
including
catalytic
depolymerization
methods,
along
with
associated
challenges
advancements.
discuss
potential
as
diverse
products
such
carbon
fibers,
adhesives,
phenolic
compounds.
Furthermore,
briefly
inherent
properties
UV
protectant
antioxidant,
alongside
incorporation
polymer
blends
composites.
By
presenting
case
studies
from
literature,
this
highlights
significant
economic
environmental
benefits
waste
reduction,
lower
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
decreased
reliance
on
non-renewable
resources.
Finally,
address
future
perspectives
achieving
large-scale,
techno-economically
feasible,
environmentally
valorization.
Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
6, С. 100107 - 100107
Опубликована: Май 12, 2024
Lignin,
an
abundant
renewable
biopolymer
found
in
plant
cell
walls,
is
enriched
phenolic
units
within
its
complex
molecular
structure.
Unlocking
potential
as
alternative
feedstock
(bio)refining
has
posed
a
long-standing
challenge,
even
though
it
holds
immense
promise
for
replacing
fossil-derived
and
aromatic
compounds.
This
study
focuses
on
fast
pyrolysis
effective
thermochemical
depolymerization
method
of
lignin,
coupled
with
the
situ
catalytic
upgrading
aiming
to
produce
valuable
bio-oil
dealkoxylated
(alkyl)phenolic
Lignin
was
isolated
via
organosolv
process
from
beechwood
sawdust
(hardwood
biomass).
Various
acidic
aluminosilicate
catalysts
(e.g.,
zeolites,
such
ZSM-5,
Beta
USY,
amorphous
silica
alumina)
were
applied,
having
different
Si/Al
ratio,
porous
properties.
Fast
experiments
conducted
fixed-bed
bench-scale
reactor
at
two
distinct
temperatures
(500
600
°C),
employing
contact
times
lignin-to-catalyst
ratios.
Non-catalytic
revealed
that
higher
temperature,
significantly
influences
bio-oil's
composition
yield,
resulting
conversion
initially
formed
alkoxy-phenols
alkyl-phenolic
compounds,
reaching
47%
relative
concentration
oC,
while
also
yielding
high
amount
up
43
wt.%.
Among
tested,
zeolite
ZSM-5
(Si/Al=40)
proved
be
most
efficient,
shifting
chemical
profile
(mainly
BTX)
57%,
owing
unique
microporous
structure
acidity.
Depending
catalyst
type,
balance
between
BTX
monomer
aromatics
naphthalenes
observed.
well
obtained
products
(bio-oil,
non-condensable
gases,
char/coke-on-catalyst)
thoroughly
characterized
using
various
analytical
techniques.
The
results
associated
physicochemical
properties
catalysts,
providing
insights
into
underlying
reaction
mechanisms.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025
Abstract
Regulating
metal‐support
interactions
enables
rational
design
of
catalysts
with
enhanced
performance
in
Fenton‐like
oxidation
reactions.
Here,
a
novel
oxygen‐doped,
stalactite‐like
g‐C
3
N
4
supported
FeOCl
(FeOCl‐OCN)
is
successfully
synthesized.
Due
to
the
modulation
O
doping
work
function
(
Φ
)
support,
delicate
built‐in
electric
field
(BIEF)
oriented
from
OCN
constructed.
Driven
by
large
difference
(Δ
=
3.235
eV),
interfacial
charge
transfer
manipulates
electron
redistribution
achieve
rearrangement
structural
Fe(II)/Fe(III).
Based
on
theoretical
calculations
and
mechanism
insight,
interaction
between
exhibits
stronger
binding
ability
peroxymonosulfate
(PMS)
reduces
energy
barriers
for
*O
formation,
therefore
favoring
higher
yield
singlet
oxygen
1
2
high‐valent
iron‐oxo
(Fe(IV)═O)−
species.
As
result,
FeOCl‐OCN/PMS
system
demonstrates
nonradical‐dominated
pathway,
delivering
high
activity
k
obs
0.250
min
−1
),
robust
tolerance
pH
variation
resistance,
excellent
stability.
