Oily
wastewaters
pose
significant
environmental
challenges,
requiring
effective
treatment
methods
for
sustainable
development.
This
study
investigates
the
potential
of
combining
filtration,
electrofiltration,
and
backwashing
using
a
ceramic
membrane
oily
water.
A
secondary
mullite
is
synthesized,
demonstrating
favorable
characteristics
such
as
high
permeate
flux
(534
LMH),
biaxial
flexural
strength
(75.21
MPa),
cost-effectiveness.
Experimental
investigations
were
performed
operational
parameters,
resulting
in
selection
pressure
2
bar
cross-flow
velocity
0.727
m/s
to
achieve
desirable
oil
removal
rates.
The
critical
electric
field
intensity
(Ecrit)
determined
experimentally
theoretically,
ranging
from
50
55
V,
guiding
optimal
voltages
electrofiltration.
Electrokinetic
phenomena,
including
electrophoresis,
electroosmosis,
bubble
formation,
are
harnessed
mitigate
fouling.
influence
feed
solution
conductivity
examined,
revealing
that
higher
salt
concentrations
increase
fouling
diminish
effectiveness.
Energy
consumption
analysis
indicates
energy
savings,
with
decrease
3.88
kWh/m³
no-voltage
condition
2.71
at
65
V
salt-free
solutions.
However,
concentrations,
increased
reduced
effectiveness
result
consumption.
findings
underscore
suitability
low-cost
membranes
water
treatment,
emphasizing
importance
optimizing
operating
parameters
enhanced
performance
efficiency.
Water,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(22), С. 3306 - 3306
Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2024
Produced
water
(PW)
is
considered
to
be
the
largest
source
of
industrial
wastewater
associated
with
oil
and
gas
extraction
operations
for
production.
It
a
mixture
organic
inorganic
compounds
that
has
high
complexity
in
terms
various
characteristics.
Globally,
volume
PW
increasing
along
expansion
fields,
leading
major
impacts
on
environment.
Existing
treatment
technologies
involve
partially
treating
through
removing
suspended
solids,
heavy
metals,
without
components
re-injecting
underground
using
disposal
injection
wells.
The
process
consists
primary
unit
remove
particles,
followed
secondary
biological
or
chemical
processing
treatment,
while
final
stage
involves
use
tertiary
improve
quality
remainder
undesired
components.
Moreover,
one
available
options
utilized
as
source,
no
alternate
advanced
commercial
scale
are
at
present
due
limitations
existing
technologies,
their
maintainability,
sustainability,
cost,
level
improvement.
As
such,
research
focused
finding
an
optimal
approach
overall
continues
conducted,
aim
reusing
instead
injecting
it
underground.
This
literature
review
discusses
latest
aimed
full
stream
capacity
eliminating
need
via
injection.
concluded
researchers
should
focus
hybrid
order
pollutants
from
PW,
effectively
allowing
its
reuse.
Abstract
Produced
water
(PW),
often
labeled
as
the
oil
and
gas
industry's
‘silent
threat,’
can
damage
ecosystems
human
well-being
when
left
untreated.
In
this
context,
strategic
management
of
PW
emerges
a
pivotal
necessity
within
sector,
aiming
to
mitigate
potentially
catastrophic
consequences.
This
paper
explores
contemporary
trends
in
while
pioneering
visionary
path
forward
through
an
Energy-Water-Food
Nexus
approach,
which
contributes
achieving
Sustainable
Development
Goals
(SDGs).
diverges
from
conventional
review
format;
instead,
it
takes
on
role
critical
analysis.
It
meticulously
exposes
constraints
obstacles
inherent
traditional
treatment
methods,
underscoring
imperative
for
sustainable
alternatives.
analytical
approach
involves
range
evaluative
criteria,
including,
but
not
limited
to,
energy
consumption,
operational
costs,
environmental
consequences,
overarching
alignment
with
broader
sustainability
objectives.
The
strongly
advocates
exploring
avenues
adopting
circular
viewing
them
strategies
overcoming
these
challenges
greater
harmony
goals.
significance
scarcity
GCC
countries
its
profound
implications
regional
food
security
underscores
pressing
need
innovative
solutions.
sector
valuable
resource,
generating
substantial
volumes
produced
untapped
potential.
Our
findings
unveil
spectrum
promising
applications
water,
extending
beyond
address
challenges.
Notably,
exhibits
remarkable
utility
diverse
domains:
agricultural
irrigation,
municipal
industrial
usage,
livestock
farming,
surface
(including
evaporation
ponds
stream
discharge),
groundwater
recharge.
Furthermore,
our
research
highlights
promise
green
technology,
exemplified
by
constructed
wetlands,
practical,
nature-based
solution
treatment.
Additionally,
leveraging
nanotechnology,
we
achieve
finer
control
over
contaminants
pollutants,
ensuring
higher
degree
quality.
Lastly,
study
delves
into
prospect
harnessing
bioenergy
specifically
biomethane,
anaerobic
digestion
technology.
These
multifaceted
options
align
significantly
impact
energy-water-food
nexus,
contributing
region's
development
how
catalyze
attainment
various
SDGs
enhancing
synergy
between
industry
environment.
envisions
paradigm
shift
management,
advocating
environmentally
friendly,
resilient,
intelligent
systems
that
facilitate
utilization.
perspective
bridges
growth
sustainability,
offering
transformative
promotes
economics,
resource
conservation,
protection,
all
framework
Nexus.
SPE Western Regional Meeting,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2022
Abstract
Produced
water
is
naturally
occurring
that
produced
as
a
byproduct
during
the
exploration
and
production
of
oil
natural
gas
from
subsurface
system.
brought
to
surface
contains
high
saline
content
may
also
contain
Naturally
Occurring
Radioactive
Material
(NORM).
Therefore,
efficient
treatment,
use,
disposal
remain
critical
issue
for
energy
industry
with
environmental
human
health
implications.
Over
years,
researchers
have
presented
numerous
treatment
technologies
ranging
physical,
chemical,
biological
perspectives.
Some
industries
combined
one
or
two
these
methods
improve
quality
required
distinct
purposes,
practices
been
extended
industry.
As
strives
sustain
capacities
maintain
increase
profitability
in
this
energy-transition
era,
rising
while
there
reduction
its
re-purposing
utilization
industries.
Our
study
focuses
on
over
100
studies
conducted
past
five
decades.
This
presents
comprehensive
overview
methods,
challenges
regarding
execution
implementation
We
highlight
important
fundamental
questions
are
yet
be
addressed
propose
new
directions
more
environmentally
friendly
economically
viable
solutions
use
water.
Oily
wastewaters
pose
significant
environmental
challenges,
requiring
effective
treatment
methods
for
sustainable
development.
This
study
investigates
the
potential
of
combining
filtration,
electrofiltration,
and
backwashing
using
a
ceramic
membrane
oily
water.
A
secondary
mullite
is
synthesized,
demonstrating
favorable
characteristics
such
as
high
permeate
flux
(534
LMH),
biaxial
flexural
strength
(75.21
MPa),
cost-effectiveness.
Experimental
investigations
were
performed
operational
parameters,
resulting
in
selection
pressure
2
bar
cross-flow
velocity
0.727
m/s
to
achieve
desirable
oil
removal
rates.
The
critical
electric
field
intensity
(Ecrit)
determined
experimentally
theoretically,
ranging
from
50
55
V,
guiding
optimal
voltages
electrofiltration.
Electrokinetic
phenomena,
including
electrophoresis,
electroosmosis,
bubble
formation,
are
harnessed
mitigate
fouling.
influence
feed
solution
conductivity
examined,
revealing
that
higher
salt
concentrations
increase
fouling
diminish
effectiveness.
Energy
consumption
analysis
indicates
energy
savings,
with
decrease
3.88
kWh/m³
no-voltage
condition
2.71
at
65
V
salt-free
solutions.
However,
concentrations,
increased
reduced
effectiveness
result
consumption.
findings
underscore
suitability
low-cost
membranes
water
treatment,
emphasizing
importance
optimizing
operating
parameters
enhanced
performance
efficiency.
