Ex-ante life cycle assessment of commercial-scale cultivated meat production in 2030

The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(3), С. 234 - 254

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2023

Abstract Purpose Cultivated meat (CM) is attracting increased attention as an environmentally sustainable and animal-friendly alternative to conventional meat. As the technology matures, more data are becoming available uncertainties decline. The goal of this ex-ante life cycle assessment (LCA) was provide outlook environmental performance commercial-scale CM production in 2030 compare animal 2030, using recent often primary data, combined with scenario analysis. Methods This comparative attributional LCA used ReCiPe Midpoint impact method. System boundaries were cradle-to-gate, functional unit 1 kg Data collected from over 15 companies active its supply chain. Source include lab-scale five producers, full-scale processes comparable manufacturing fields, computational models, published literature. Important have been cross-checked additional experts. Scenarios represent variation assess influence important choices such energy mix. Ambitious benchmarks made for beef, pork, chicken systems, which efficient intensive European agriculture incorporate potential improvements 2030. Results discussion almost three times turning crops into than chicken, most animal, therefore agricultural land use low. Nitrogen-related air pollution emissions also lower because efficiency produced a contained system without manure. energy-intensive, mix chain important. Using renewable energy, carbon footprint beef pork ambitious benchmark chicken. Greenhouse gas profiles different, being mostly CO 2 CH 4 N O meats. Climate hotspots maintaining temperature reactors biotechnological culture medium ingredients. Conclusions has benchmarks, indicators, clearly use, pollution, nitrogen-related emissions. substantially that beef. How it compares depends on mixes. While upstream can ensure all Recommendations producers should optimize source leverage collaborations feedstocks, search optimum through combining low-impact ingredients high-performance formulation. Governments consider emerging industry’s demand sustainability freed-up land. Consumers not extra option menu, but substitute higher-impact products.

Язык: Английский

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Comparison of Particulate Air Pollution From Different Emission Sources and Incident Dementia in the US

JAMA Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 183(10), С. 1080 - 1080

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2023

Emerging evidence indicates that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution may increase dementia risk in older adults. Although this suggests opportunities for intervention, little is known about the relative importance of PM2.5 from different emission sources.

Язык: Английский

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Ammonia and aquatic ecosystems – A review of global sources, biogeochemical cycling, and effects on fish

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 907, С. 167911 - 167911

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2023

The purpose of this review is to better understand the full life cycle and influence ammonia from an aquatic biology perspective. While has toxic properties in water air, it also plays a central role biogeochemical nitrogen (N) regulates mechanisms normal abnormal fish physiology. Additionally, as second most synthesized chemical on Earth, contributes economic value many sectors, particularly fertilizers, energy storage, explosives, refrigerants, plastics. But, with so uses, industrial N2-fixation effectively doubles natural reactive N concentrations environment. consequence global, excess fixed driving degradation soils, water, air; intensifying eutrophication, biodiversity loss, climate change; creating health risks for humans, wildlife, fisheries. Thus, need research systems growing. In response, we prepared complexities connectedness environmental ammonia. Even term "ammonia" multiple meanings. So, have clarified nomenclature, identified units measurement, summarized methods measure water. We then discuss context N-cycle, its physiology toxicity, integrate effects human N-fixation, which continuously expands ammonia's sources uses. Ammonia being developed carbon-free carrier potential increase With mind, global impacts consider current monitoring regulatory frameworks presented synthesis illustrates complex interactive dynamics plant nutrient, molecule, feedstock, waste product, contaminant, N-cycle participant, regulator animal physiology, toxicant, agent change. Few molecules are influential management resilience Earth's resources.

Язык: Английский

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Forms of nitrogen inputs regulate the intensity of soil acidification

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(14), С. 4044 - 4055

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

Abstract Soil acidification induced by reactive nitrogen (N) inputs can alter the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems. Because different N‐transformation processes contribute to production consumption H + , magnitude likely depends on relative amounts organic N (ON) inorganic (IN) inputs. However, few studies have explicitly measured effects composition soil acidification. In this study, we first conducted a meta‐analysis test ON or IN across 53 in grasslands. We then compared five ON:IN ratios two input rates based long‐term field addition experiments. The showed that had weaker than when rate was above 20 g m −2 year −1 . experiment confirmed findings from meta‐analysis: with proportions ≥ 20% caused less acidification, especially at high (30 ). Structural equation model analysis result largely due relatively low as NH 3 volatilization uptake 4 dominant grass species Leymus chinensis (which are both lower net contributors production) available for nitrification is higher contributor production). These results indicate evaluation should consider forms manipulations may provide an effective approach alleviate N‐induced

Язык: Английский

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Combustion of liquid ammonia and diesel in a compression ignition engine operated in high-pressure dual fuel mode

Fuel, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 360, С. 130269 - 130269

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2023

This study investigates the characteristics of a compression ignition engine fuelled by ammonia and diesel in high-pressure dual fuel mode. The focuses on effect injection strategies performance important emissions like NH3, NO/NO2 N2O. was operated with fixed intake air conditions at an speed 1500 rpm for all operating points, liquid directly injected 180 bar using GDI injector. energy shares tested were 40 %, 50 % 60 %. Various combustion modes achieved fixing timing −15 CAD aTDC varying between -80 2.5 aTDC. Injecting early (-80/-60 aTDC) led to premixed-type very high slip (65 %). Delaying -30 aTDC, i.e. 15 before injection, yielded long delay due strong influence resulting premixed diesel. simultaneously or after did not affect ignition, yielding stable where burned during mixing-controlled phase. Temporally overlapping injections resulted highest efficiency, lowest slip, NOx emissions, N2O i.e., optimal cases found. For temporally injections, extending end found increase compared injecting diesel, limited time vaporise, mix combust expansion stroke. have opposite trends, concentrations points efficiency. phasing improved efficiency share cases, while it deteriorated, which can be explained cases.

Язык: Английский

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Resistive Gas Sensors Based on 2D TMDs and MXenes

Accounts of Chemical Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 57(16), С. 2395 - 2413

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2024

ConspectusGas sensors are used in various applications to sense toxic gases, mainly for enhanced safety. Resistive particularly popular owing their ability detect trace amounts of high stability, fast response times, and affordability. Semiconducting metal oxides commonly employed the fabrication resistive gas sensors. However, these often require working temperatures, bringing about increased energy consumption reduced selectivity. Furthermore, they do not have enough flexibility, performance is significantly decreased under bending, stretching, or twisting. To address challenges, alternative materials capable operating at lower temperatures with flexibility needed. Two-dimensional (2D) such as MXenes transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer surface area conductivity unique 2D structure, making them promising candidates realization Nevertheless, sensing pristine form typically weak unacceptable, terms response, selectivity, recovery time (

Язык: Английский

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A review of mitigation technologies and management strategies for greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions in livestock production

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 352, С. 120028 - 120028

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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An environmental justice analysis of air pollution emissions in the United States from 1970 to 2010

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

Over the last decades, air pollution emissions have decreased substantially; however, inequities in persist. We evaluate county-level racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities changes from six source sectors (industry [SO

Язык: Английский

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Advanced Materials for NH3 Capture: Interaction Sites and Transport Pathways

Nano-Micro Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024

Abstract Ammonia (NH 3 ) is a carbon-free, hydrogen-rich chemical related to global food safety, clean energy, and environmental protection. As an essential technology for meeting the requirements raised by such issues, NH capture has been intensively explored researchers in both fundamental applied fields. The four typical methods used are (1) solvent absorption ionic liquids their derivatives, (2) adsorption porous solids, (3) ab-adsorption liquids, (4) membrane separation. Rooted development of advanced materials capture, we conducted coherent review design different materials, mainly past 5 years, interactions with molecules construction transport pathways, as well structure–property relationship, specific examples discussed. Finally, challenges current research future worthwhile directions proposed.

Язык: Английский

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Environmental pollutants and exosomes: A new paradigm in environmental health and disease

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 925, С. 171774 - 171774

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

Язык: Английский

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