Optimizing sustainable agriculture: A comprehensive review of agronomic practices and their impacts on soil attributes

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 364, С. 121487 - 121487

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2024

This study explores agronomic management (AM) effects on soil parameters under diverse conditions. Investigating tillage practices (TP), nutrient (NM), crop rotation (CR), organic matter (OM), irrigation (IM), and mulching (MS), it aims to reveal impacts productivity, availability, microbial activity, overall health. Varied TP affect quality through compaction, porosity, erosion risk. Proper NM is vital for cycling, preventing imbalances acidification. CR disrupts pest cycles, reduces weed pressure, boosts recycling. OM enhances by influencing carbon, pH, fertility, water retention. Optimizing IM regulates content without inducing waterlogging. MS contributes content, retention, structure, temperature-moisture regulation, benefiting biota, aggregation, health agricultural productivity. The review emphasizes integrated nutrient, CR, management's positive impact fertility activity. Different variations production. Judicious implementation of these essential sustainable agriculture. synthesis identifies uncertainties proposes research directions optimizing productivity while ensuring environmental sustainability. Ongoing inquiry can guide a balanced approach between yields resilient stewardship future generations.

Язык: Английский

---

Response of plant life forms and soil physical properties to near-natural restoration measures in alpine grassland, Tibetan plateau

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Introduction Near-natural restoration measures enhance the stability of plant life forms in degraded grasslands, facilitating natural succession communities. Methods In this study, we investigated effects three on alpine meadows northeastern Tibetan Plateau: banned grazing (BG), rest (RG), traditional (TG), and continuous (CG). We utilized redundancy analysis (RDA), variation partitioning(VP), hierarchical partitioning (HP), partial least squares pathway modeling (PLS-PM) to dissect quantitative relationships between distribution soil physical properties under these measures. Results discussion The results indicated following: 1) Under each measure, form plants were predominantly characterized by highest number hemicryptophytes, followed geophytes, with therophytes. found that BG treatment had hemicryptophyte height, coverage, aboveground biomass, importance value, while CG lowest. 2) After near-natural restoration, bulk density (BD) was decreased. moisture characteristics (MC) increased including saturated water content(SSWC), capillary holding capacity (CWHC), field (FWC). And porosity (CP) non-capillary (NP) increased. 3) VP revealed MC, BD, CP together explained 57.4% 4) hemicryptophytes benefited from CP. contrast, decrease BD negatively affected geophytes. summary, reduce enhancing MC increasing CP, which affects forms. This finding reveals important role survival strategies during meadow restoration.

Язык: Английский

---

Urea fertilization increased CO2 and CH4 emissions by enhancing C-cycling genes in semi-arid grasslands

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 356, С. 120718 - 120718

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Disentangling the impact of biogas slurry topdressing as a replacement for chemical fertilizers on soil bacterial and fungal community composition, functional characteristics, and co-occurrence networks

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 238, С. 117256 - 117256

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Effects of grazing exclusion on soil microbial diversity and its functionality in grasslands: a meta-analysis

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

Grazing exclusion (GE) is considered an effective strategy for restoring the degradation of overgrazed grasslands on global scale. Soil microbial diversity plays a crucial role in supporting multiple ecosystem functions (multifunctionality) grassland ecosystems. However, impact grazing soil remains uncertain. Here, we conducted meta-analysis using dataset comprising 246 paired observations from 46 peer-reviewed papers to estimate how GE affects and these effects vary with climatic regions, types, duration ranging 1 64 years. Meanwhile, explored relationship between its functionality under exclusion. Overall, significantly increased Shannon (1.9%) richness (4.9%) compared group. For groups, fungal (8.6%) bacterial (5.3%), but decreased specific (-11.9%). The responses varied among duration. Specifically, arid, semi-arid, dry sub-humid it humid regions. Moreover, semidesert (5.9%) alpine (3.0%), not temperate grasslands. Long-term (>20 year) had greater (8.0% 6.7% richness) short-term (<10 (-0.8% 2.4%). Furthermore, multifunctionality, both plant positively correlated multifunctionality. our findings emphasize importance considering climate, duration, type biodiversity conservation sustainable functions.

Язык: Английский

---

FunFun: ITS‐based functional annotator of fungal communities

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Abstract The study of individual fungi and their communities is great interest to modern biology because they might be both producers useful compounds, such as antibiotics organic acids, pathogens various diseases. And certain features associated with the functional capabilities are determined by differences in gene content. Information about content most often taken from results annotation whole genome. However, practice, genome sequencing rarely performed. At same time, usually sequence amplicons ITS region identify fungal taxonomy. But case amplicon there no way perform a annotation. Here, we present FunFun, instrument that allows evaluate an fungus or mycobiome data. FunFun algorithm based on modified K ‐nearest neighbors algorithm. As input, program can use ITS1, ITS2, full‐size cluster (ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2). was realized pip‐installed command line validated using shuffle‐split approach. developed very community comparing estimating under study. Also, predict high accuracy variable functions.

Язык: Английский

---

Impacts of Grassland Use Types on Soil Ciliate Communities in the Northeastern Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

Land Degradation and Development, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Soil ciliates, crucial components of grassland ecosystems, serve as sensitive bioindicators soil health and disturbance. This study investigates ciliate communities across four use types in the northeastern Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau (QTP): seasonal continuous grazing natural grasslands (SGG CGG, respectively), artificial perennial Elymus nutans Griseb. (PEG) for grazing, annual Avena sativa L. (AAG) forage. Using live observation techniques, we identified 114 species from 10 classes 21 orders, with Haptorida Sporadotrichia emerging dominant groups. Our findings revealed that grazed harbored greater endemic richness compared AAG. SGG CGG exhibited significantly higher diversity than other types, while PEG supported abundances. Low Jaccard similarity indices between indicated distinct communities, reflecting management‐induced environmental heterogeneity. Redundancy analysis above‐ground biomass pH primary drivers community structure. Notably, promoted highest diversity, suggesting its potential a sustainable management practice maintaining QTP. research provides insights into relationship high‐altitude grasslands. support implementation moderate practices to enhance quality ecosystem resilience QTP, implications similar ecosystems worldwide.

Язык: Английский

---

Farm conditions shape microbial communities and their association with methane intensity in dairy cattle: insights from the rumen microbiome at the community level

Frontiers in Microbiomes, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 4

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2025

Rumen microbial communities are known to drive methane (CH 4 ) production, but their dynamics in variable “real-world” farming environments less understood. This research aims identify specific taxa linked CH emission commercial dairy farms by employing 16S rRNA gene sequencing, thereby providing a more ecologically relevant understanding of production real-world settings.Rumen fluid samples were collected from 212 cows across seventeen Dutch farms. Methane was measured these using the GreenFeed system and expressed as intensity (g fat- protein-corrected milk yield −1 ). microbiota analyzed amplicon sequencing. Analysis performed assess association between intensity, data individual cattle farm. We observed that diet lactation stage influenced consistent with previous studies. Results showed higher during late lactation, feeding type, particularly fresh grass intake, strongly rumen microbiota. However, after classifying low high emitting cows, only limited differences composition could be measured. Few taxa, like Lachnospiraceae , common both groups, while Ruminoccocaceae Rikenellaceae abundant emitters, Oscillospiraceae emitters. Methanobrevibacter differentiated archaeal methanogen abundance may not accurately reflect variation due methodological limitations, including reliance on relative abundance, taxonomic resolution, primer bias. Using bacterial-biased approach, we number bacterial associated highlights challenges studying under practical conditions, where variability diet, genetics, management practices complicates identification microbes emission. Even control over key variables, inherent on-farm conditions impeded detection stable patterns. In conclusion, our study clearly indicates emissions settings fundamentally requires broader ecological perspective recognized determinants influencing signals within multi-factorial farm settings.

Язык: Английский

---

Artificial Reseeding Promotes Biodiversity Restoration in Alpine Sandy Meadow of the Eastern Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

Land Degradation and Development, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Alpine grasslands have undergone severe desertification due to climate warming and overgrazing. Artificial reseeding has been widely employed for the restoration of these alpine sandy grasslands. However, its effectiveness in enhancing biodiversity remains unclear, particularly regarding consistency responses between aboveground plant diversity belowground microbial diversity. To investigate impacts artificial on meadows, we conducted field investigations eastern Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau that had reseeding, natural restoration, or remained as meadows. The findings revealed yields inconsistent outcomes communities soil thereby altering typical relationships above‐ biodiversity. significantly promoted with Shannon‐Wiener index restored meadow increased by 67% ( p < 0.01), while impact restoring was less pronounced. Introducing new species through improved vegetation cover, diversity, fungal richness. In addition, altered properties, reducing pH 0.35 units nutrient content, which turn influenced composition structure communities. These results essential implications regional ecological security sustainable development

Язык: Английский

---

Sheep dung input enhances arthropod biomass and a threatened insectivorous bird: Experimental management for conservation

Ecological Solutions and Evidence, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 6(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Abstract In recent decades, Europe has seen a notable decrease in extensive grazing by domestic livestock; endangering semi‐natural open habitats; and impacting soil, vegetation, arthropods insectivores. Despite the known ecological consequences of decline, little research explored role sheep dung influencing plant cover, arthropod biomass higher trophic levels, such as insectivorous birds. To address this gap, 3‐year study (2017–2019) was conducted Mediterranean shrub‐steppe central Spain. Two 10‐hectare non‐grazed experimental plots received different doses dung, while grazed area served reference. Vegetation structure assessed annually, were sampled six times per year breeding space use threatened bird estimated annually. While input did not affect vegetation structure, it had short‐term positive effects on some arthropods, particularly epigeous coprophagous species. Additionally, increased its response to application, likely due rise biomass, critical food resource. areas where is declining, inputs may serve an effective strategy increase specific groups, indirectly benefiting their predators. Further needed assess long‐term communities wider range species, aiding conservation efforts facing low pressures.

Язык: Английский

---