The
leather
industry
generates
$150
billion
USD
annually.
that
processes
animal
hides
or
skins
for
finished
goods
a
lot
more
solid
waste
than
its
main
output,
leather.
current
ineffective
disposal
of
these
wastes
(via
open
dumping,
incineration,
and
landfilling)
results
in
pollution,
which
obstructs
the
industry's
path
to
sustainable
expansion.
Interestingly,
recycling
into
usable
form
seems
like
potential
option.
Leather
biomass
contains
collagen,
keratin,
fat
can
be
used
produce
bioproducts
replace
petroleum-based
materials.
This
chapter
provides
an
extensive
perspective
on
effective
reutilization
diverse
forms
(keratin
waste,
untanned/fleshing
chrome-tanned
tannery
sludge)
are
generated
at
various
stages
processing
However,
there
is
still
sizable
difference
between
stated
targets
technology
levels
have
been
reached,
despite
ongoing
research
efforts.
concludes
from
industry,
gold
mine
immediately
make
money
while
closing
loop.
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
22(4), С. 1995 - 2005
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023
Leather
manufacturing
processes
raw
hides
and
skins
into
various
finished
leather
products,
generating
huge
amounts
of
untanned
solid
wastes
(LSWs).
The
present
study
investigates
the
LSWs
generation,
characterization,
management
practices
Sheba
industry
in
Ethiopia.
Results
revealed
that
are
categorized
as
non-chrome
waste,
including
de-dusted
salt,
trimming,
hairs,
fleshing
pickle
splitting
wastes.
Chrome-based
include
chrome
shaving
crust
trimming
buffing
dust
etc.
Further,
were
characterized
for
physico-chemical
parameters
viz.
moisture
(31.5%),
ash
content
(7.3%),
pH
(5.7),
carbon
(14.7%),
nitrogen
(0.3%),
chromium
(2%),
calorific
value
(20,107
kJ.kg-1),
VOCs
(75.1%)
to
ratio
(52:1).
obtained
suggested
sustainable
technological
options
effective
preserve
environment.
The
leather
industry
generates
$150
billion
USD
annually.
that
processes
animal
hides
or
skins
for
finished
goods
a
lot
more
solid
waste
than
its
main
output,
leather.
current
ineffective
disposal
of
these
wastes
(via
open
dumping,
incineration,
and
landfilling)
results
in
pollution,
which
obstructs
the
industry's
path
to
sustainable
expansion.
Interestingly,
recycling
into
usable
form
seems
like
potential
option.
Leather
biomass
contains
collagen,
keratin,
fat
can
be
used
produce
bioproducts
replace
petroleum-based
materials.
This
chapter
provides
an
extensive
perspective
on
effective
reutilization
diverse
forms
(keratin
waste,
untanned/fleshing
chrome-tanned
tannery
sludge)
are
generated
at
various
stages
processing
However,
there
is
still
sizable
difference
between
stated
targets
technology
levels
have
been
reached,
despite
ongoing
research
efforts.
concludes
from
industry,
gold
mine
immediately
make
money
while
closing
loop.
