Direct Evidence of Microbial Sunscreen Production by Scum‐Forming Cyanobacteria in the Baltic Sea

Environmental Microbiology Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

ABSTRACT Mycosporine‐like amino acids are water‐soluble secondary metabolites that protect photosynthetic microorganisms from ultraviolet radiation. Here, we present direct evidence for the production of these compounds in surface scums cyanobacteria along Baltic Sea coast. We collected 59 environmental samples southern coast Finland during summers 2021 and 2022 analysed them using high‐resolution liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Our results revealed presence microbial sunscreens nearly all scum samples. synthesised through coordinated action four biosynthetic enzymes encoded a compact pathway. Bioinformatics analysis mysB gene indicated responsible belonged to Anabaena / Dolichospermum Aphanizomenon species complex. mapped distribution onto phylogenomic tree, utilising 120 bacterial single‐copy conserved genes 101 draft or complete genomes within This showed 48% identified possess ability produce compounds, with pathways being most common strains. detected porphyra‐334 shinorine, two widely reported family members, strains isolated Gulf Finland's layer. The estimated content sp. UHCC 0684 was 7.4 mg per gram dry weight. suggest bloom‐forming could be potential source cosmetic biotechnological applications may play significant role cyanobacterial bloom formation.

Язык: Английский

Century-long reconstruction of gridded phosphorus surplus across Europe (1850–2019)

Earth system science data, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(3), С. 881 - 916

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Abstract. Phosphorus (P) surplus in soils significantly contributes to the eutrophication and degradation of water quality surface waters worldwide. Despite extensive European regulations, elevated P levels persist many bodies across continent. Long-term annual data on soil (the difference between inputs outputs) are essential understand these guide future management strategies. This study reconstructs analyzes long-term for both agricultural non-agricultural from diffuse sources Europe at a 5 arcmin (≈10 km Equator) spatial resolution 1850 2019. The dataset includes 48 estimates that account uncertainties arising different methodological choices coefficients major components surplus. Our results indicate substantial changes magnitude over past 100 years, underscoring importance understanding Specifically, total EU 27 has tripled 170 1.19(±0.28) kg ha−1 physical area around 2.48(±0.97) per year recent years. We evaluated plausibility consistency our by comparing them with existing studies identified potential areas further improvement. Notably, supports aggregation various scales, aiding development targeted strategies address issues related P. reconstructed is available https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11351027 (Batool et al., 2024).

Язык: Английский

Legacy Nitrogen Impeding the Achievement of Nitrogen Management Targets: Evidence from China's First Cross-Provincial Compensation Watershed

Environmental Technology & Innovation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 104178 - 104178

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский