AbstractContaminants,
including
naturally
occurring
radioactive
material
(NORM)
of
the
238-uranium
and
232-thorium
decay
series,
have
been
recognised
as
a
global
research
priority
to
inform
offshore
petroleum
infrastructure
decommissioning
decisions.
This
study
aimed
characterise
pipeline
scale
retrieved
from
decommissioned
subsea
well
tubular
pipe
through
high-resolution
elemental
mapping
isotopic
analysis.
was
achieved
by
utilising
transmission
electron
microscopy,
Synchrotron
x-ray
fluorescence,
photosimulated
luminescence
autoradiography
Isotope
Ratio
Mass
Spectrometry.
The
identified
baryte
(BaSO4)
forming
dense
crystalline
matrix,
with
heterogenous
texture
elongated
crystals.
changing
chemical
physical
microenvironment
within
influenced
gradual
growth
rate
over
production
life
this
infrastructure.
A
distinct
compositional
banding
celestine
(SrSO4)
bands
observed.
Radioactivity
attributed
presence
radionuclides
(226Ra,
228Ra)
throughout
strongly
correlated
baryte.
From
detailed
characterisation,
we
can
infer
gradually
formed
internals
along
duration
(i.e.,
17
years).
new
knowledge
insight
into
characteristics
formation
waste
products
will
assist
planning
mitigate
potential
radiological
risks
marine
ecosystems.
Environmental Advances,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15, С. 100487 - 100487
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2024
There
are
several
sources
of
radionuclides
to
be
accidentally
and
routinely
released
into
the
marine
ecosystem
leading
bioaccumulation
such
in
biota
Thailand.
Radioactive
contamination
local
seafood
can
result
significant
health
effects
via
human
food
chain.
This
study
aims
estimate
radiation
doses
received
by
Asian
green
mussel
(Perna
viridis),
annual
committed
effective
(ACEDs)
lifetime
cancer
risk
(LCR)
from
137Cs,
226Ra,
232Th,
40K
mussels
ingestion.
The
were
collected
offshored
shellfish
farms
Gulf
Thailand
Andaman
Sea
during
wet
dry
seasons
between
2020
-
2021
for
radioactivity
measurement
using
HPGe
gamma
spectrometry.
results
showed
that
concentrations
ranged
0.0049
0.0623
Bq/kg,
1.86
3.67
0.34
0.62
3.80
30.74
respectively.
Radiation
dose
rates
estimated
ERICA
Tool
found
a
range
0.50
–
0.76
µGy/h
which
well
below
screening
value
10
µGy/h.
In
addition,
ACEDs
6.41
72.78
µSv/yr
lower
than
300
µSv/yr.
While
LCR
values
present
ranging
3.55
×
10−6
2.82
10−5
did
not
exceed
recommended
10−4.
It
could
concluded
here
eating
studied
areas
cause
any
radiological
Thai
consumers.
However,
future
investigations
conducted
other
locations
young
consumers
where
higher
recorded.
Environment International,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
175, С. 107954 - 107954
Опубликована: Май 1, 2023
Naturally
occurring
radioactive
materials
(NORM)
contribute
to
the
dose
arising
from
radiation
exposure
for
workers,
public
and
non-human
biota
in
different
working
environmental
conditions.
Within
EURATOM
Horizon
2020
RadoNorm
project,
work
is
ongoing
identify
NORM
situations
scenarios
European
countries
collect
qualitative
quantitative
data
of
relevance
protection.
The
obtained
will
improved
understanding
extent
activities
involving
NORM,
radionuclide
behaviours
associated
exposure,
provide
an
insight
into
related
scientific,
practical
regulatory
challenges.
development
a
tiered
methodology
identification
complementary
tools
support
uniform
collection
were
first
mentioned
project
work.
While
given
Michalik
et
al.,
2023,
this
paper,
main
details
are
presented
they
made
publicly
available.
series
registers
Microsoft
Excel
form,
that
have
been
comprehensively
designed
help
(a)
issues
protection
concern
at
situations,
(b)
gain
overview
involved
(i.e.,
raw
materials,
products,
by-products,
residues,
effluents),
c)
on
(d)
characterise
multiple
hazards
make
further
steps
towards
integrated
risk
assessment
biota.
Furthermore,
ensure
standardised
unified
characterisation
manner
supports
complements
effective
management
control
processes,
products
wastes,
exposures
natural
worldwide.
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
258, С. 107093 - 107093
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023
This
modelling
study
uses
the
ERICA
Tool
and
Bateman's
equation
to
derive
sediment
threshold
values
for
radiation
protection
of
marine
environment
relevant
NORM-contaminated
products
(radium-contaminated
scales,
210Pb
films
210Po
films)
found
in
subsea
oil
gas
infrastructure.
Threshold
are
calculated
as
activity
concentration
products'
head
chain
radionuclide
(i.e.,
226Ra
+
228Ra,
210Pb,
or
210Po)
that
will
increase
dose
rates
sediments
by
10
μGy/h
most
exposed
organism
at
a
given
release
time.
The
minimum
value
(corresponding
peak
from
ingrowth
progeny)
were
radium-contaminated
0.009
Bq/g
226Ra,
0.029
228Ra
(in
absence
226Ra)
0.14
presence
226Ra),
followed
0.015
films,
1.6
films.
These
may
be
used
default
values.
Added
concentrations
below
these
implies
low
radiological
risk
organisms
while
exceedances
imply
further
investigation
is
necessary.
Using
contaminated
product
specific
parameterisations,
such
Kd
derived
Ra
BaSO4
matrix
seawater,
could
greatly
affect
Strong
consideration
should
deriving
data
part
assessments
products.
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 24
Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2024
Seafood
is
an
important
source
for
meeting
future
global
nutrient
demands.
However,
it
also
contributes
disproportionately
to
the
radiological
ingestion
dose
of
more
than
five
billion
world
consumers–
up
∼70%–80%
total-foods
in
some
countries.
Although
numerous
studies
report
seafood
doses
specific
populations,
there
still
no
comprehensive
evaluation
answering
basic
questions
such
as
"what
average
consumer?"
Analysis
238
worldwide
estimates
suggests
that
typical
adult
consumers
receive
from
0.13
0.21
mSv,
with
a
likely
best
estimate
0.15
mSv
per
annual
intake.
Those
consuming
large
amounts
seafood,
particularly
bivalves,
may
experience
exceeding
1
intake,
surpassing
other
routine
background
sources.
The
published
suggest
3
or
greater
are
surpassed
about
150
million
worldwide.
Almost
all
this
comes
natural
radionuclides
prevalent
marine
systems–especially
210Po.
While
trace
levels
anthropogenic
ubiquitous
seafoods
(e.g.,137Cs
and
239Pu),
added
these
typically
orders
magnitude
lower.
Even
following
large-scale
releases
Fukushima
accident,
food
safety
controls
place,
additional
Japan
was
small
relative
radionuclides.
span
seven
magnitude,
indicating
need
assessment
integrates
radionuclide
data
well
incorporating
changes
consumption
production
patterns.
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
287, С. 107706 - 107706
Опубликована: Май 2, 2025
Radiological
ingestion
doses
from
eating
seafood
are
regularly
evaluated
near
coastal
nuclear
facilities,
following
accidents/events
and
frequently
in
national
studies
worldwide.
However,
a
recent
global
review
found
that
published
varied
greatly
depending
on
which
radionuclides
were
selected
for
evaluation
there
has
been
tendency
to
omit
important
or
focus
less
significant
ones.
This
indicates
need
clear
guidance
prioritise
such
studies.
Here,
we
use
worldwide
data
16
key
contributing
typical
background
dose.
We
account
the
loss
of
during
cooking
radioactive
decay
short-lived
210Po.
Results
indicate
world
consumer,
naturally-occurring
>99
%
total
dose,
about
84
comes
210Po
8
210Pb.
About
5
228Ra,
far
greater
proportion
than
more
frequently-assessed
226Ra
(<1
%).
Other
Th-
U-series
provide
lower
contributions
(0.07
%-0.70
%),
while
14C
provides
0.09
%.
In
comparison,
contribution
dose
anthropogenic
is
<1
%,
with
137Cs
most
(0.08
%)
90Sr,
99Tc,
110mAg
239Pu
adding
further
0.05
together.
These
percentage
can
vary
somewhat
consumption
patterns
(e.g.,
differing
proportions
fish,
bivalves,
etc.).
dominant
contributor
irrespective
country-specific
diets
restricted
diet
scenarios
(fish-only,
seaweed-only,
Study
results
new
improve
design,
interpretation
communication
assessments.
