Journal of Environmental Exposure Assessment,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
4(2)
Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025
Chemical
composition
plays
a
crucial
role
in
the
adverse
health
effects
of
fine
particulate
matter
(PM2.5),
yet
traditional
methods
fail
to
comprehensively
identify
toxic
components.
In
this
study,
we
developed
non-targeted
approach
using
gas
chromatography
and
high-resolution
mass
spectrometry,
obtained
database
2,138
organic
components
from
PM2.5
samples
collected
urban
Beijing
between
2016
2018.
Meanwhile,
exposed
extracts
human
lung
epithelial
cell
line
measured
intracellular
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
extracellular
cytokines
as
indicators
cellular
response.
A
combination
single
pollutant
model,
partial
least
squares
regression,
Bayesian
kernel
machine
regression
was
applied
filtered
165
robust
database.
Beyond
110
classic
polycyclic
aromatic
compounds
(PACs),
also
identified
14
anhydrides
21
nitrated
contributors
toxicity.
Molecular
features
such
unsaturation
volatility
were
found
be
most
significant
factors
influencing
effects.
Source
apportionment
analysis
demonstrated
distinct
seasonal
patterns
toxicological
impacts.
During
heating
season,
biomass
burning
emerged
predominant
pollution
source,
with
its
two-fold
intensity
elevation
correlating
2.0%
increase
tumor
necrosis
factor
(TNF)-α,
accompanied
by
6.0%
7.6%
decreases
vascular
endothelial
growth
(VEGF)
interleukin
(IL)-8,
respectively.
contrast,
non-heating
season
observations
revealed
vehicular
emission
principal
contributor,
inducing
pronounced
11.0%
ROS
levels.
This
study
introduces
an
effect-oriented
for
screening
ambient
PM2.5,
offering
valuable
insights
support
formulation
public
protection
strategies.
Environment International,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
177, С. 107991 - 107991
Опубликована: Май 23, 2023
There
is
ample
evidence
from
occupational
studies
that
exposure
to
a
mixture
of
Polycyclic
Aromatic
Hydrocarbons
(PAHs)
causally
associated
with
an
increased
incidence
lung
cancers.
In
both
atmospheres
and
ambient
air,
PAHs
are
present
as
many
compounds,
but
the
composition
in
air
differs
atmosphere,
varies
time
space
air.
Estimates
cancer
risk
for
PAH
mixtures
based
upon
unit
risks
which
derive
extrapolation
data
or
animal
model
data,
case
WHO
use
one
compound,
benzo[a]pyrene
marker
entire
mixture,
irrespective
composition.
The
U.S.
EPA
has
used
study
inhalation
alone,
there
have
been
number
rankings
relative
carcinogenic
potency
other
calculate
frequently
incorrectly
by
adding
estimated
individual
applying
total
"B[a]P
equivalent"
risk,
already
applies
mixture.
Such
often
solely
historic
US
group
16
compounds
do
not
include
apparently
more
potent
carcinogens.
no
human
PAHs,
conflicting
additivity
carcinogenicity
mixtures.
This
paper
finds
large
divergences
between
estimates
deriving
methods,
well
considerable
sensitivity
composition,
assumed
potencies.
Of
two
approach
appears
likely
provide
reliable
estimates,
recently
proposed
mixture-based
approaches
using
vitro
toxicity
may
offer
some
advantages.
Complying
with
strict
PM10
and
PM2.5
limit
values
poses
challenges
in
many
European
regions,
influenced
by
diverse
factors
such
as
natural,
regional,
local
anthropogenic
sources.
Urban
air
pollution,
exacerbated
road
transport,
industry,
dust
resuspension,
contrasts
rural
areas
affected
solid
fuel-based
heating
increasing
wood
burning.
This
study
focuses
on
village
of
Sučany,
located
Slovakia,
analysing
PM
concentrations
during
non-heating
seasons.
The
method
analysis
relies
the
use
MP101M
quality
analyser
that
utilises
beta
radiation
absorption
method.
One
set
measurements
was
conducted
at
five
distinct
locations
season
(18/01/2019
to
28/02/2019)
(14/08/2018
1/10/2018).
Significant
differences
emerged
corresponding
averages
23.0
µg/m3
19.3
µg/m3.
In
contrast,
averaged
53.9
52.8
season.
shows
contributing
up
98%
total
PM10.
distribution
pollution
location
potential
source
obtained
using
polar
plots
differed
research
underscores
impact
a
typical
Slovak
village.
key
recommendation
for
targeted
interventions
is
supporting
up-to-date
data,
education,
financial
incentives
citizens
order
implement
cleaner
modern
solutions.
Atmosphere,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(2), С. 305 - 305
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023
The
thoracic
fraction
of
road
dust
(PM10)
was
measured
for
the
first
time
in
Portugal
parking
areas,
both
outdoors
and
indoors,
with
aim
completing
existing
studies
carried
out
active
lanes
various
roads.
An
situ
resuspension
chamber
used
to
collect
a
total
23
samples
three
areas
Aveiro,
whilst
laboratory
procedures
included
determination
carbonaceous
content
(OC
EC)
by
thermo-optical
technique,
elemental
composition
ICP-MS
ICP-OES
after
acid
digestion,
Aliivribrio
fisherii
bioluminescent
bacteria
ecotoxicity
bioassay.
Dust
loadings
(DL10)
obtained
were
18.5
±
9.8
mg
PM10
m−2,
outdoor
parking,
1.8–23.7
m−2
indoor
corresponding
emission
factors
476
75–589
veh−1
km−1,
respectively.
OC
represented
9–30
%
areas.
However,
samples,
high
iron
oxide
jeopardised
OC-EC
separation.
In
those
carbonates
accounted
10.0
3.3%
mass.
analysis
components
focused
on
major
elements
(Al,
Ca,
Fe,
K,
Mg)
as
well
minor
elements.
mass
element
oxides
27.1%
(outdoor)
23.6–34.3%
(indoor).
ΣPAH
calculated
all
8.38–36.9
μg
g−1
PM10.
ecotoxicological
bioassay
showed
that
aqueous
solutions
toxic
bacteria,
whereas
no
clear
correlations
could
be
made
specific
component
groups,
exception
EC50.
Air Quality Atmosphere & Health,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
16(11), С. 2269 - 2283
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2023
Abstract
Inhalation
of
particulate
matter
(PM)
has
been
extensively
associated
with
the
worsening
and
onset
cardiorespiratory
diseases,
being
responsible
for
millions
deaths
annually.
Assessment
PM
deposition
in
human
respiratory
tract
is
critical
to
better
understand
health
risks
from
environmental
exposure
vulnerable
age
groups.
In
this
study,
2.5
10
day-night
monitoring
campaigns
during
cold
season
were
carried
out
Bragança,
Portugal.
The
multiple-path
particle
dosimetry
(MPPD)
model
was
used
quantify
total
regional
depositions
four
different
groups:
infant
(3
months),
child
(9
years),
adult
(21
years)
elderly
(65
years).
results
showed
that
concentrations
both
fractions
higher
night,
a
period
marked
by
burning
biomass
residential
heating.
Regional
(DF)
ranges
17–38%
(head),
4–14%
(tracheobronchial)
20–28%
(pulmonary),
while
24–67%
4–27%
12–22%
(pulmonary).
Children
found
be
most
groups
deposition,
especially
TB
H
regions,
respectively.
lifetime
cancer
non-cancer
exceeded
recommended
limits,
children
<10
years
old.
These
findings
provide
useful
information
alert
authorities
need
take
action
reduce
pollution
burden
protect
health,
particular
those
susceptible.
Graphical
Frontiers in Environmental Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Март 19, 2024
Particulate
matter
(PM)
stands
as
a
predominant
pollutant
in
developing
countries,
demanding
effective
source
identification
and
remediation
strategies.
This
review
centers
on
the
scanning
electron
microscopy
(SEM)
image-based
methodology
for
PM
analysis,
particularly
emphasizing
passive
technique
of
utilizing
plant
leaves
capture.
The
SEM-image-based
approach
serves
powerful
tool
unraveling
morphological
characteristics
PM,
crucial
identification.
Additionally,
SEM,
when
equipped
with
energy
dispersive
spectroscopy
(EDS),
enables
chemical
mineralogical
characterization,
providing
insights
into
origin
PM.
first
part
describes
best
bio-sampler
In
this
context,
removal
from
environment
through
plant-based
interventions
is
described.
Subsequently,
application
SEM
size-based
analysis
using
ImageJ
detailed.
Following
this,
composition
are
described
based
EDS
analysis.
Image-based
techniques
play
pivotal
role
selecting
most
species
air.
comprehensively
outlines
morphological,
chemical,
attributes
utilized
their
subsequent
by
plants.
Finally,
benefits
elucidated.
offers
holistic
understanding
SEM-EDS
approach,
presenting
promising
avenue
addressing
pollution
enhancing
environmental
quality.
