Environmental and Food Contamination by Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs): Overview
Water Air & Soil Pollution,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
235(5)
Опубликована: Май 1, 2024
Abstract
Phthalic
acid
esters
(PAEs)
are
dialkyl
or
alkyl/aryl
ester
derivatives
of
phthalic
acid.
PAEs
colorless,
odorless,
and
flavorless
oily
liquids.
the
main
plasticizers
used
in
industry
households.
DEHP
(di-(2-ethyl
hexyl)
phthalate)
is
plasticizer
polymer
industry,
whereas
DMP
(dimethyl
DEP
(diethyl
mainly
as
solvents
fixatives
cosmetics
personal
care
products.
synthetic
organic
compounds
poorly
soluble
water
but
solvents.
Into
environment,
they
introduced
during
production,
use
degradation,
packaging,
transportation
plastic
In
degraded
three
ways:
by
hydrolysis,
photodegradation,
microbial
biodegradation
hydrolysis
environment
very
slow.
pollutants
soil,
water,
groundwater,
river
marine
air,
sediments,
vegetables,
biota.
Due
to
great
interest
subject
environmental
pollution
emergence
new
information
this
area,
it
extremely
important
systematically
review
current
knowledge.
presented
paper,
occurrence
different
matrices
was
reviewed.
The
toxicity
plants,
animals,
humans
also
described.
Язык: Английский
Occurrence, Characteristics, and Mixed Reproductive Exposure Risk Assessment of Traditional Phthalates and Their Novel Alternatives in Campus Indoor Dust
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 27, 2025
Phthalates
(PAEs)
constitute
the
primary
components
of
indoor
dust
pollutants
and
significantly
impact
human
reproductive
health.
However,
research
on
novel
alternatives
to
PAEs
risk
assessment
mixed
exposure
has
remained
relatively
sparse.
In
this
study,
193
samples
were
collected
in
2022
from
various
campus
locations,
including
classrooms,
canteens,
dormitories,
offices,
laboratories.
Forty-four
traditional
their
identified,
with
concentrations
ranging
0.44
91.5
μg/g.
Di(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
(DEHP)
dioctyl
terephthalate
(DEHTH)
predominant
compounds,
mean
86.3
59.2
μg/g,
respectively.
The
ingestion
pathway
was
principal
route
exposure,
dormitories
identified
as
sites.
toxicity
equivalent
factor
(TEFmix)
developed
using
a
quantitative
structure-activity
relationship
(QSAR)
model
conjunction
machine
learning
algorithms.
TEFmix
found
be
lower
than
sum
individual
PAEs,
potentially
due
antagonistic
effects
PAE
monomers
Under
high-exposure
scenarios,
canteen
determined
0.245,
surpassing
values
observed
other
environments.
Females
exhibited
higher
risk,
presenting
greater
those
locations.
This
study
provided
essential
data
inform
regulatory
measures
aimed
at
mitigating
Язык: Английский