Immunological and clinical efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations: a systematic review

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 28(2), С. 163 - 177

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Willingness to Receive the Booster COVID-19 Vaccine Dose in Poland

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(11), С. 1286 - 1286

Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2021

COVID-19 vaccinations are essential to mitigate the pandemic and prevent severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. However, serum antibody levels in vaccinated individuals gradually decrease over time, while is undergoing an evolution toward more transmissible variants, such as B.1.617.2, ultimately increasing risk of breakthrough infections further virus spread. This cross-sectional online study adult Poles (n = 2427) was conducted September 2021 (before a general recommendation administer booster vaccine dose Poland issued) assess attitude who completed current vaccination regime potential identify factors that may influence it. Overall, 71% participants declared willingness receive dose, with low median level fear receiving it 1.0 (measured by 10-point Likert-type scale), which increased particularly those having worse experience (in terms severity side effects associated fear) past vaccination. The lowest frequency (26.7%) seen group previously Ad26.COV2.S. majority mRNA vaccines wished same vaccine, case AZD1222, accordance observed only 9.1%. main reasons against accepting included experienced after previous doses, opinion unnecessary, safety uncertainties. Women, older (≥50 years), subjects obesity, chronic diseases, pre-vaccination post-vaccination infections, history influenza were significantly frequently willing dose. Moreover, immunosuppressed (88%) additional results emphasize some hesitancy studied indicate groups be targeted effective science communication regarding doses.

Язык: Английский

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Immunogenicity and Risk Factors Associated With Poor Humoral Immune Response of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Recipients of Solid Organ Transplant

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 5(4), С. e226822 - e226822

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2022

Importance

Recipients of solid organ transplant (SOT) experience decreased immunogenicity after COVID-19 vaccination.

Objective

To summarize current evidence on vaccine responses and identify risk factors for diminished humoral immune response in recipients SOT.

Data Sources

A literature search was conducted from existence database through December 15, 2021, using MEDLINE, Embase, Web Science, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Study Selection

Studies reporting the vaccines SOT were reviewed. Extraction Synthesis Two reviewers independently extracted data each eligible study. Descriptive statistics a random-effects model used. This report prepared following Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Data analyzed 2021 to February 2022.

Main Outcomes Measures

The total numbers positive percentage across platform recorded. Pooled odds ratios (pORs) with 95% CIs used calculate pooled effect estimates poor antibody response.

Results

83 studies included systematic review, 29 meta-analysis, representing 11 713 weighted mean (range) antispike antibodies receipt mRNA 10.4% (0%-37.9%) 1 dose, 44.9% (0%-79.1%) 2 doses, 63.1% (49.1%-69.1%) 3 doses. In studies, 50% no or minimal doses mounted an fourth dose. Among associated older age (mean [SE] difference between responders nonresponders, 3.94 [1.1] years), deceased donor status (pOR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.53-0.83];I² = 0%), antimetabolite use 0.21 0.14-0.29];I² 70%), recent rituximab exposure 0.07-0.61];I² antithymocyte globulin 0.32 0.15-0.71];I² 0%).

Conclusions Relevance

this review rates remained low despite multiple vaccines. These findings suggest that more efforts are needed modulate reduced study monoclonal prophylaxis among who at high

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses and clinical outcomes after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with immune-suppressive disease

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(7), С. 1760 - 1774

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2023

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immune responses and infection outcomes were evaluated in 2,686 patients with varying immune-suppressive disease states after administration of two Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. Overall, 255 2,204 (12%) failed to develop anti-spike antibodies, an additional 600 (27%) generating low levels (<380 AU ml −1 ). Vaccine failure rates highest ANCA-associated vasculitis on rituximab (21/29, 72%), hemodialysis immunosuppressive therapy (6/30, 20%) solid organ transplant recipients (20/81, 25% 141/458, 31%). SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell detected 513 580 (88%) patients, lower magnitude or proportion hemodialysis, allogeneic hematopoietic stem transplantation liver (versus healthy controls). Humoral against Omicron (BA.1) reduced, although cross-reactive sustained all participants for whom these data available. BNT162b2 was associated higher antibody but cellular compared ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. We report 474 SARS-CoV-2 episodes, including 48 individuals hospitalization death from COVID-19. Decreased both the serological response severe we identified clinical phenotypes that may benefit targeted COVID-19 therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 and liver disease

Gut, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 71(11), С. 2350 - 2362

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2022

Knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 infection and its resultant COVID-19 in liver diseases has rapidly increased during the pandemic. Hereby, we review manifestations pathophysiological aspects related to patients without disease as well impact of with chronic (CLD), particularly cirrhosis transplantation (LT). been associated overt proinflammatory cytokine profile, which probably contributes substantially observed early late abnormalities. CLD, decompensated cirrhosis, should be regarded a risk factor for severe death. LT was impacted pandemic, mainly due concerns regarding donation recipients. However, did not represent per se worse outcome. Even though scarce, data specific therapy special populations such recipients seem promising. vaccine-induced immunity seems impaired CLD recipients, advocating revised schedule vaccine administration this population.

Язык: Английский

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Safety and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Patients With Chronic Liver Diseases (CHESS-NMCID 2101): A Multicenter Study

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 20(7), С. 1516 - 1524.e2

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Impact of COVID-19 on the liver and on the care of patients with chronic liver disease, hepatobiliary cancer, and liver transplantation: An updated EASL position paper

Journal of Hepatology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 77(4), С. 1161 - 1197

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Safety and antibody response to inactivated COVID‐19 vaccine in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Liver International, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 42(6), С. 1287 - 1296

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2022

Abstract Background and Aims The safety antibody responses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection is still unclear, exploration COVID‐19 CHB significant clinical practice. Methods 362 adult 87 healthy controls at an interval least 21 days after a full‐course (21–105 days) were enrolled. Adverse events (AEs) collected by questionnaire. profiles 1, 2 3 months elucidated determination anti‐spike IgG, anti‐receptor‐binding domain (RBD) RBD‐angiotensin‐converting enzyme blocking antibody. SARS‐CoV‐2 specific cells also analysed. Results All AEs mild self‐limiting, the incidence was similar between controls. Seropositivity rates three antibodies months, but had lower titers 1 month. Compared to controls, HBeAg‐positive higher (all P < .05) slower decline titers. Frequency RBD‐specific positively correlated anti‐RBD IgG (OR = 1.067, .004), while liver cirrhosis, antiviral treatment, levels HBV DNA, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) aspartate (AST) total bilirubin (TB) not IgG. Conclusions Inactivated vaccines well tolerated, induced effective response against patients.

Язык: Английский

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Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(4), С. 441 - 456

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2022

BackgroundSolid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are at increased risks of morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity COVID-19 vaccines in SOT recipients.Data sourcesElectronic databases were searched for eligible reports published from 1 December 2019 31 May 2022.Study eligibility criteriaWe included evaluating humoral immune response (HIR) or cellular rate after administration vaccines.ParticipantsSOT who received vaccines.Assessment risk biasWe used Newcastle-Ottawa scale assess bias case-control cohort studies. For randomised-controlled trials, Jadad Scale was used.MethodsWe a random-effects model calculate pooled rates 95% CI. We ratio (RR) CI comparison responses between healthy controls.ResultsA total 91 involving 11 886 (lung: 655; heart: 539; liver: 1946; kidney: 8746) 2125 controls revealed HIR 1st, 2nd, 3rd vaccine doses 9.5% (95% CI, 7–11.9%), 43.6% 39.3–47.8%) 55.1% 44.7–65.6%), respectively. specific organs, still low 1st dose 4.4%; 9.4%; 13.2%; 29.5%) 2nd 28.4%; 37.6%; 50.3%; 64.5%).ConclusionsA booster vaccination enhances SOT; however, significant share has not built detectable receiving dose. This finding calls alternative approaches, including use monoclonal antibodies. In addition, lung need urgent improve response.

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 infection and liver involvement

Hepatology International, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(4), С. 755 - 774

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2022

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest public health challenge in living memory. Patients with underlying liver disease have been disproportionately affected, experiencing high morbidity and mortality. In addition, elevated enzymes appear to be a risk factor for progression, even absence of disease. Nevertheless, mechanism injury SARS-CoV-2 infection remains largely unknown. This review aims provide an overview mechanisms by which induces injury, impact on cirrhosis, alcohol-related disease, autoimmune non-alcoholic fatty hepatitis B C virus infection, liver-transplant recipients patients hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, emerging data vaccination diseases discussed, help inform policy.

Язык: Английский

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