Hepatocellular carcinoma: updates on epidemiology, surveillance, diagnosis and treatment

Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major global burden, ranking as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality.HCC due to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or C (HCV) infection has decreased universal vaccination for HBV and effective antiviral therapy both HCV, but HCC related metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) alcohol-associated (ALD) increasing.Biannual ultrasonography serum α-fetoprotein are primary surveillance tools early detection among high-risk patients (e.g., cirrhosis, HBV).Alternative such blood-based biomarker panels abbreviated MRIs being investigated.Multiphasic CT MRI standard diagnosis, histological confirmation should be considered, especially when inconclusive findings seen on cross-sectional imaging.Staging treatment decisions complex made in multidisciplinary settings, incorporating multiple factors including tumor degree dysfunction, patient performance status, available expertise, preferences.Early-stage best treated with curative options resection, ablation, transplantation.For intermediatestage disease, locoregional therapies primarily recommended although systemic may preferred large intrahepatic burden.In advanced-stage immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimen.In this review article, we discuss recent epidemiology, risk factors, care continuum encompassing surveillance, staging, treatments.

Язык: Английский

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Bridging the gap: advancing health equity and eliminating HBV and HCV among marginalized populations

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 49, С. 101222 - 101222

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Liver transplant assessment for hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-centre experience

Frontline Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. flgastro - 102773

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

Objective The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to rise dramatically in the UK. Liver transplantation offers a potential cure and there is large body evidence demonstrating good outcomes. However, paucity data on assessment, acceptance rates, reasons for turning down liver HCC. Methods We undertook an analysis all patients with HCC referred transplant assessment tertiary centre between January 2015 2020. Patient tumour demographics, outcomes overall survival were analysed. Multivariate was performed factors affecting listing decisions. To evaluate impact COVID-19 pandemic, collection extended from March 2020 2021. Results Of 263 who completed 168 (64%) accepted listing. most common associated decision not list patient medical comorbidities (n=50, 56.2% those listed) rapid progression (n=25, 26.3%). listed, 145 (86.4%) received transplant. Five year time 68% 12% without. pandemic resulted more progressing out criteria after Prepandemic median dropout per annum 2% (0%–9%), compared 25% during study period. Conclusion This provides identifying non-listing confirming negative decreased activity waiting dropouts patients.

Язык: Английский

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Global, regional and national burden of liver cancer 1990–2021: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Март 8, 2025

Liver cancer is a growing global health issue, with significant geographical disparities in prevalence and mortality. Understanding these differences key to developing effective prevention treatment strategies. We analyzed liver trends from 1990 2021 across 204 countries using data the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. modeled mortality vital registration estimated non-fatal burden primary studies, hospital discharges, claims data. calculated prevalence, mortality, YLLs, YLDs, DALYs, adjusting for age reporting rates per 100,000 population 95% UI. In 2021, there were 739,299 (673114–821948) cases worldwide. The age-standardized rate increased (7.75 [6.91–8.43] people) (8.68[7.90–9.67] while slightly decreased from(4.48 [4.10–4.93] (6.13 [5.58–6.84] people). High-income North America had highest rate, Southern Latin lowest. Mongolia rates, Morocco total YLDs attributed nearly tripled DALY decreased. frontier analysis, or regions higher SDI have greater potential improvement. analysis (> 0.85) relative their level development include America, Canada, Germany, Netherlands, etc., lower (< 0.5) Somalia, Papua New Guinea, Yemen, Lao People's Democratic Republic, etc. Countries larger Togo, Gambia, Australia, Norway, decreasing, but increasing, These findings can inform policy research address this challenge. From incidence many has significantly, which expected impose huge social economic on governments systems coming years. Our may assist policymakers devising strategies combat cancer, including educating professionals complex disease.

Язык: Английский

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Global, regional and country burden of high BMI-related liver cancer among individuals aged above 70: trends from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2044

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Background Liver cancer (LC) is a major global health concern, being the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Older adults are more susceptible, though mortality rates for those over 70 declining. However, disability from non-communicable diseases remains high. High body mass index (BMI) notable risk factor LC, with high BMI-related liver (HB-LC) concern. Methods This study utilized Global Burden Disease (GBD) 2021 dataset to assess impact HB-LC on individuals aged and older 1990 2021, forecasts extending 2044. burden across socio-demographic (SDI) regions was evaluated using age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Joinpoint regression age-period-cohort models were used analyze DALY trends demographic influences, decomposition analysis assessed effects population aging, growth, epidemiological shifts. Results Our findings revealed significant geographical disparities in mortality, East Asia, Southeast parts West Africa showing highest rates. DALYs increased by 2.49% annually, low SDI experiencing recent acceleration. Gender disparity persisted, males facing steeper rise burden. Age-related peaked 80–89 age groups, complex patterns regions. Epidemiological changes primarily drove regions, while growth Conclusion data underscores necessity region-specific public strategies demographic-focused interventions, enhancing surveillance targeting efforts mitigate increasing among adults.

Язык: Английский

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Socioeconomic inequalities in diagnostics, care and survival outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma in Sweden: a nationwide cohort study

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 52, С. 101273 - 101273

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Prioritising viral hepatitis elimination to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma: A public health approach for effective preventive hepatology

JHEP Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 101436 - 101436

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Health inequalities in hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance, diagnosis, treatment, and survival in the United Kingdom: a scoping review

BJC Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 3(1)

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a deadly cancer in the UK despite advancements curative therapies. Societal conditions and health inequalities influence development of chronic liver disease outcomes from complications including HCC. Scoping this emergent evidence-base is required to inform research solutions for NHS. Methods A PRISMA scoping review was performed up September 2023. Articles exploring HCC involving population were included. Results This has characterised axes inequality their impact across care continuum UK. Studies predominantly employed cohort design or population-based analyses, with meta-analyses surveillance utilisation only single study. These methodologies provided an appropriate lens understand longitudinal trends identify disadvantaged groups. However, important evidence gaps remain, exploration patient perspectives, intersectional statistical measures socioeconomic inequity Conclusions rapidly growing cause mortality disproportionally affects underserved groups, presenting major public concern. Further innovate evaluate management pathways reduce systemic inequities. Direction needed at national level improve prevention, early diagnosis access treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Alcohol‐Attributable Cancer: Update From the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2025

ABSTRACT Background and Aims Alcohol is a major risk factor for cancer development. Our study aimed to provide the updated global, regional national burden of alcohol‐attributable cancer. Approach Results We analysed Global Burden Disease Study 2021 determine death age‐standardised rate (ASDR) from change these measures between 2000 (reflected as annual percent [APC]), classified by region, nation country's developmental status, which based on sociodemographic index (SDI). In 2021, there were 343,370 deaths globally cancer, was an increase 51%. Alcohol‐attributable accounted 3.5% all deaths. Among liver (27%) highest mortality alcohol, followed oesophageal (24%) colorectal (16%). From ASDR decreased (APC: −0.66%). Regionally, fastest‐growing observed in South Asia. Classified SDI, low 0.33%) low‐to‐middle SDI countries 1.58%) exhibited uptrend While other cancers decreased, early‐onset (15–49 years) lip oral cavity increased 0.40%). Conclusions although declined, total number continued rise. This trend accompanied variations across groups types, particularly gastrointestinal cancers. Urgent efforts are needed both at levels address

Язык: Английский

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MCM4 potentiates evasion of hepatocellular carcinoma from sorafenib-induced ferroptosis through Nrf2 signaling pathway

International Immunopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 142, С. 113107 - 113107

Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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