Deciphering the Tumor Microenvironment in Prostate Cancer: A Focus on the Stromal Component

Cancers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(21), С. 3685 - 3685

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2024

Prostate cancer progression is significantly affected by its tumor microenvironment, in which mesenchymal cells play a crucial role. Stromal are modified mutations, response to androgens, and lineage plasticity, turn, engage with epithelial via complex array of signaling pathways ligand-receptor interactions, ultimately affecting growth, immune interaction, therapy. The metabolic rewiring interplay the microenvironment an additional role growth prostate cancer. Finally, therapeutic strategies novel clinical trials agents that target stromal or disrupt interaction between cellular compartments described. This review underscores cancer-associated fibroblasts as essential contributors biology, emphasizing their potential prognostic indicators targets.

Язык: Английский

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MEX3A promotes cell proliferation by regulating the RORA/β-catenin pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(4)

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

MEX3A is a member of the human homologous gene MEX-3 family. It has been shown to promote cell proliferation and migration in various cancers, indicating its potential clinical significance. However, role hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unexplored, with limited reports available literature. To investigate expression significance HCC explore tumor progression. We analyzed mRNA adjacent tissues using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). correlation between overall survival (OS) was evaluated. Immunohistochemistry performed on surgical specimens validate association parameters, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) positivity, differentiation size. Additionally, knockdown lines were constructed biological functions MEX3A. Cell assessed counting kit-8 clone formation assays, while cycle progression by flow cytometry. effects Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway examined western blotting immunofluorescence. evaluated scratch Transwell assays. Finally, transcription factor RORA mediating explored silencing analyzing impact protein expression. TCGA analysis revealed that significantly higher compared tissues. Higher associated poorer OS. These findings validated specimens. confirmed elevated showed positive correlations Ki-67 vimentin levels. closely related HBV Mechanistic studies demonstrated inhibited progression, as reduced β-catenin, c-Myc cyclin D1. nuclear entry thereby suppressing activation downstream oncogenic pathways. depletion migratory ability cells, likely through downregulation epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway. Transcription identified mediator effects. Silencing antagonized promotes regulating RORA/β-catenin Our suggest could serve prognostic marker therapeutic target for HCC.

Язык: Английский

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The impact of metabolic reprogramming on tertiary lymphoid structure formation: enhancing cancer immunotherapy

BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2025

Cancer immunotherapy has achieved unprecedented success in the field of cancer therapy. However, its potential is constrained by a low therapeutic response rate. Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) plays crucial role antitumor immunity and associated with good prognosis. Metabolic reprogramming, as hallmark tumor microenvironment, can influence promote formation follicular helper T cells germinal centers. many current studies focus on correlation between metabolism TLS factors, there insufficient direct evidence to suggest that drives formation. This review provided comprehensive summary relationship formation, highlighting glucose metabolism, lipid amino acid vitamin metabolism. In future, an in-depth exploration how affects cell interactions microorganisms will significantly advance our understanding metabolism-enhanced immunity.

Язык: Английский

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Metabolic Reprogramming of Glycolysis, Lipids, and Amino Acids in Tumors: Impact on CD8+ T Cell Function and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies

The FASEB Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39(8)

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2025

Tumor cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to support their rapid proliferation and adapt the challenges of tumor microenvironment (TME). This involves significant changes in glycolysis, lipid, amino acid metabolism, which not only promote survival but also impact CD8+ T within TME. review examines how these alterations affect cell function, particularly through competition for energy resources microenvironmental changes. For instance, aerobic glycolysis depletes glucose leads lactate accumulation, both suppress activity. Additionally, lipid metabolism composition membranes disrupt signal transduction, impairing function. Amino reprogramming, such as increased consumption glutamine arginine by cells, further hinders activity cells. We explore therapeutic strategies that target pathways inhibitors fatty synthesis, may enhance antitumor These approaches show promise improving function effectiveness immune checkpoint blockade therapies. By investigating link between dysfunction, this highlights mechanisms evasion. understanding can guide development novel immunotherapies aimed at enhancing

Язык: Английский

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Clear cell renal cell carcinoma and metabolic reprogramming: New therapeutic targets for kidney cancer treatment

Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 13

Опубликована: Май 20, 2025

Clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC), the predominant subtype of kidney cancer, is characterized by extensive metabolic reprogramming driven genetic alterations, notably Von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL) mutations. This reprogrammed glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, exemplified Warburg effect, lipid droplet accumulation, glutamine addiction, to support proliferation, survival, immune evasion. The microenvironment (TME), including hypoxic conditions, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), further amplifies these shifts, promoting angiogenesis, suppression, progression. Clinically, targeting has shown promise, with hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) inhibitors like belzutifan achieving FDA approval in 2023 for advanced ccRCC. Glutaminase inhibitors, such as telaglenastat, demonstrate context-dependent efficacy, while indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) emerging chimeric antigen receptor-engineered (CAR) T-cell therapies ADI-270 offer potential combination strategies. Challenges include heterogeneity, resistance, therapy accessibility. Advances multi-omic profiling biomarker development are paving way personalized treatments. review elucidates mechanisms ccRCC, its interplay TME, clinical applications, highlighting novel therapeutic targets future directions improving patient outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Ammonia-induced stress response in liver disease progression and hepatic encephalopathy

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(11), С. 774 - 791

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

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