Anthropocene Coasts, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2024

Abstract Green sea dykes, also known as ecosystem-based represent a novel type of coastal defense consisting both traditional structural engineering and ecosystems, designed to cope with the future trends level rise intensified storms. Here we focus on mid-latitude mud coasts (eastern China in particular), which face most prominent risks storm surge, storm-induced giant waves, shoreline erosion, summarizes scientific basis green dykes current status practices. We show that basic mechanisms nearshore wave energy dissipation include bottom friction, sediment transport, form drag. These explain damping capacity oyster reefs salt marshes coasts. In tidal flat environments, growth increases frictional resistance even causes breaking; resuspension transport fine-grained sediments marsh beds movement or hydrodynamic forcing vegetation stems effectively dissipate kinetic energy, their efficiency elevation bed surface. Based coasts, are being built combination structured dykes. By utilizing natural flats outside implementing artificial modification projects, certain scale and/or can be maintained, serve protect enhance functions. From perspective system optimization, it is necessary further improve sustainability under constraints such regional environment characteristics, ecosystem health, investment capacity, ecological resilience. Related issues theorization process marshes, niche control reef establishment standards design optimal

Язык: Английский