Prenatal and Early Childhood Exposure to Antibiotics or Gastric Acid Inhibitors and Increased Risk of Epilepsy: A Nationwide Population‐Based Study

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025

Over 10 million children in the world have epilepsy, with an unknown cause half of cases. The gut microbiome has been associated various neurological disorders, and certain drugs greatly disturb microbiome. Our aim was to study association prenatal childhood exposure (before age two) antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) histamine‐2 receptor antagonists, risk epilepsy. Using population‐based registers, we included all live singleton births Sweden from 2006 2017. Exposure considered prescription(s) inhibitors, or H2‐receptor antagonists (separately). Multivariable Cox regression used calculate hazard ratios 95% confidence intervals. 708,903 mother–child dyads were included, 0.5% had epilepsy diagnosis. Average follow‐up 3.8 years (IQR 1–6). Prenatal antibiotics (aHR 1.09, CI 1.01–1.18) PPIs 1.38, 1.17–1.65) increased (1.11, 1.02–1.21), (3.40, 2.47–4.68) H2RAs (1.65, 1.03–2.64) before two after two. Dose response analysis showed that one prescription pregnancy early life not while association. To conclude, our results support hypothesis modulating are This needs be further validated other studies, ideally including indications for drug use.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of drug treatments and types of drugs used by pregnant women at different gestational ages on pregnancy outcomes: A retrospective study

Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 104(11), С. e41646 - e41646

Опубликована: Март 14, 2025

To analyze the effects of drug treatments and types drugs on pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women at different gestational ages. The records 526 from our hospital September 2018 to January 2024 were analyzed retrospectively. Women categorized into 3 groups: normal delivery, artificial abortion, spontaneous abortion. Data maternal age, smoking, drinking, radiation, medication timing, collected compared. Pearson correlation analysis assessed relationships between outcomes, age medication, types. After comparing multiple potential influencing factors, it was found that smoking history, timing use antitussive phlegm-reducing medications differed significantly among outcome groups ( P < .05). Multiple regression showed which took a significant positive factor for adverse specifically abortion (Coefficient = 0.210, .002). In addition, had directional influence 0.294, .016). Further as time increased, delivery rate initially increased then decreased. first stabilized, while minimal fluctuation. by duration impact induced rates. Cough mucus-reducing can lead miscarriage, other early generally do not affect outcomes. Antitussive increase risk Raising awareness about proper conducting research this topic is crucial enhancing prenatal postnatal care, reducing abortions, promoting population growth.

Язык: Английский

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Exposure to Systemic Antimicrobials During Pregnancy and Risk of Miscarriage: A Population‐Based Registry Study

BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate miscarriage risk following gestational antimicrobial exposure while addressing biases that have affected previous studies. Design Population‐based cohort study. Setting Linkage of four nationwide registries: Medical Birth Registry Norway (MBRN), Norwegian Prescribed Drug (NorPD), Patient (NPR) and Control Payment Health Reimbursements Database (KUHR). Population or Sample A total 704 082 pregnancies (2009–2018), with 91 836 (13.0%) exposed to systemic antimicrobials in early pregnancy. Methods Time‐stratified Cox regression models overlap weights were used, considering time‐varying exposures a 14‐day lag prevent reverse causation. Elective terminations right‐censored address competing risks, adjustment for common infections probabilistic bias analysis confounding by indication. Main Outcome Measures Miscarriage age at miscarriage, captured from NPR, KUHR MBRN, using the UiO pregnancy algorithm. Results Nitrofurantoin, pivmecillinam amoxicillin not associated increased risk. Metronidazole (HR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.82–2.21), ciprofloxacin 1.89; 1.62–2.20), cephalexin 1.87; 1.57–2.22), fluconazole 1.61; 1.45–1.78), trimethoprim‐sulfas 1.49; 1.36–1.63) others showed associations miscarriage. Probabilistic indicated may be driven underlying infections. Conclusions did increase risk, but other less commonly used carry higher risks. By key biases, this study provided more reliable assessment risks use

Язык: Английский

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Early neonatal acquisition of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales in Madagascar and Cambodia: clonal and plasmid-level contributions of maternal gut carriage

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025

Early neonatal infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) are prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, posing significant treatment challenges. This study investigated ESBL-PE colonization 499 mother-neonate pairs from Madagascar Cambodia, with stool samples collected at delivery neonates before day three. Using short- long-read sequencing, identical isolates or plasmids were identified within each pair to assess acquisition maternal source. Multinomial regression associated risk factors. Maternal gut carriage accounted for only 16.5% of acquisition, suggesting that most cases originated other sources. Primiparity wet season an increased the mother, while cesarean delivery, resuscitation, These findings challenge paradigm is primary source early colonization, highlighting need further research into alternative sources inform targeted interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Developmental programming of tissue-resident macrophages

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024

Macrophages are integral components of the innate immune system that colonize organs early in development and persist into adulthood through self-renewal. Their fate, whether they replaced by monocytes or retain their embryonic origin, depends on tissue type integrity. influenced environment, a phenomenon referred to as developmental programming. This influence extends beyond local microenvironment includes soluble factors can reach macrophage niche. These include metabolites, antibodies, growth factors, cytokines, which may originate from maternal diet, lifestyle, infections, other triggers perturbations. influences alter transcriptional, epigenetic, metabolic profiles, affecting cell-cell communication In addition crucial role immunity, macrophages play vital roles homeostasis. Consequently, programming these long-lived cells modulate physiology pathology throughout life. this review, we discuss ontogeny macrophages, necessity niche for identity function, how perturbations affect subtissular niches, thereby influencing disease onset progression adulthood. Understanding effects inform targeted interventions preventive strategies against diseases. Finally, understanding consequences will shed light health impact well-being future generations.

Язык: Английский

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Author’s Reply to Avó-Baião et al.’s Comment on “Maternal and Early-Life Exposure to Antibiotics and the Risk of Autism and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Childhood: A Swedish Population-Based Cohort Study”

Drug Safety, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 47(8), С. 823 - 825

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Antibiotic Exposure and Risk of Atopic Dermatitis in Children: a Narrative Review

Current Dermatology Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(4), С. 255 - 261

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Prenatal exposure to antibiotics and the risk of orofacial clefts: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(11), С. e092019 - e092019

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Introduction Orofacial clefts (OFCs), including cleft lip, palate and combined lip palate, are among the most common craniofacial malformations in newborns present significant healthcare challenges. Emerging evidence has raised concerns regarding potential impact of prenatal exposure to antibiotics on fetal development. Antibiotics prescribed during pregnancy—particularly those that cross placental barrier—may pose teratogenic risks. Previous studies investigating association between antibiotic risk OFCs have yielded inconsistent results. However, no yet attempted summarise this evidence, highlighting need for a comprehensive evaluation. This report describes systematic review meta-analysis protocol retrospectively analyse relationship developing OFCs, focusing role type timing exposure. The results such will hopefully provide synthesis available helping inform clinical practice guide patient counselling use pregnancy. Methods analysis planned adhere Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Review Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines ensure approach summarising topic. study include longitudinal cohort studies, case–control interventional trials investigate OFCs. search strategy cover major databases, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus Web Science, using tailored terms. A team independent assessors screen article titles, abstracts full texts. Any discrepancies be resolved through discussions. Quality assessment Newcastle-Ottawa Scale Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development Evaluation criteria. Data extraction focus characteristics, participant details, specifics outcome measures. random-effects aggregate summary effect sizes, heterogeneity assessed I 2 Q statistics. Ethics dissemination Ethical approval is not required review, as it relies already published data. findings disseminated peer-reviewed journals conference presentations, providing critical insights into public health policies PROSPERO registration number CRD42024565064

Язык: Английский

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The association between prenatal antibiotic exposure and adverse long-term health outcomes in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Infection, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 106377 - 106377

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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