Cancer Research Statistics and Treatment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
7(4), С. 435 - 446
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
Circulating
free
DNA
(cfDNA)
refers
to
extracellular
fragments
(50-200
base
pairs)
in
the
blood,
released
during
cell
apoptosis
or
necrosis,
and
linked
tissue
injury.
Microbial
cfDNA
(cfmDNA),
derived
from
bacteria,
can
also
be
present
both
healthy
individuals
patients
with
colorectal
cancer,
some
species
specific
these
categories.
tumor
(ctDNA),
a
subset
of
cfDNA,
originates
tumors
reflects
their
genetic
profile.
Elevated
ctDNA
levels
result
increased
death
impaired
clearance
progression.
Healthy
typically
have
30
ng/mL
whereas
cancer
show
up
1000
ng/mL.
Patients
colon
often
exhibit
higher
concentrations
(500
ng/mL)
compared
rectal
(250
ng/mL).
is
valuable
noninvasive
biomarker
for
monitoring
progression
prognosis,
particularly
since
disease
diagnosed
at
advanced
stages.
Its
widespread
dispersion
circulating
aids
tracking
recurrence.
This
article
reviews
life
cycle,
analysis
methods,
screening
approaches,
clinical
applications,
limitations,
future
perspectives
ctDNA.
The
data
this
review
were
extracted
PubMed,
ScienceDirect,
ResearchGate,
Scopus,
UpToDate,
covering
publications
January
2016
December
2023.
Out
95
retrieved
articles,
3
removed
before
screening.
Two
duplicates,
1
was
ineligible
record.
After
reviewing
92
articles
eligibility,
7
excluded:
being
non-human
studies,
2
not
exclusive
lacking
utility.
We
selected
85
final
analysis.
For
purpose
discussion,
we
referred
various
papers
on
as
well
(
n
=
15).
Cancer Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
115(4), С. 1060 - 1072
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2024
Abstract
Liquid
biopsy
is
emerging
as
a
pivotal
tool
in
precision
oncology,
offering
noninvasive
and
comprehensive
approach
to
cancer
diagnostics
management.
By
harnessing
biofluids
such
blood,
urine,
saliva,
cerebrospinal
fluid,
pleural
effusions,
this
technique
profiles
key
biomarkers
including
circulating
tumor
DNA,
cells,
microRNAs,
extracellular
vesicles.
This
review
discusses
the
extended
scope
of
liquid
biopsy,
highlighting
its
indispensable
role
enhancing
patient
outcomes
through
early
detection,
continuous
monitoring,
tailored
therapy.
While
advantages
are
notable,
we
also
address
challenges,
emphasizing
necessity
for
precision,
cost‐effectiveness,
standardized
methodologies
broader
application.
The
future
trajectory
set
expand
reach
personalized
medicine,
fueled
by
technological
advancements
collaborative
research.
Practical Laboratory Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. e00446 - e00446
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Liquid
biopsy
is
an
innovative,
minimally
invasive
diagnostic
tool
revolutionizing
cancer
management
by
enabling
the
detection
and
analysis
of
cancer-related
biomarkers
from
bodily
fluids
such
as
blood,
urine,
or
cerebrospinal
fluid.
Unlike
traditional
tissue
biopsies,
which
require
procedures,
liquid
offers
a
more
accessible
repeatable
method
for
tracking
progression,
detecting
early-stage
cancers,
monitoring
therapeutic
responses.
The
technology
primarily
focuses
on
analyzing
circulating
tumor
cells
(CTCs),
DNA
(ctDNA),
other
cancer-derived
genetic
materials.
These
provide
critical
information
heterogeneity,
mutation
profiles,
potential
drug
resistance.
In
clinical
practice,
has
demonstrated
its
utility
in
identifying
actionable
mutations,
guiding
personalized
treatment
strategies,
assessing
minimal
residual
disease
(MRD).
While
holds
immense
promise,
challenges
related
to
sensitivity,
specificity,
standardization
remain.
Efforts
optimize
pre-analytical
analytical
processes,
along
with
establishment
robust
regulatory
frameworks,
are
crucial
widespread
adoption.
This
abstract
highlights
transformative
diagnosis,
prognosis,
monitoring,
emphasizing
role
advancing
oncology.
Further
research,
trials,
harmonization
will
be
vital
realizing
full
precision
care.
Micromachines,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(3), С. 243 - 243
Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025
Polymerase
chain
reaction
(PCR)
chips
are
advanced,
microfluidic
platforms
that
have
revolutionized
biomarker
discovery
and
validation
because
of
their
high
sensitivity,
specificity,
throughput
levels.
These
miniaturize
traditional
PCR
processes
for
the
speed
precision
nucleic
acid
detection
relevant
to
advancing
drug
development.
Biomarkers,
which
useful
in
helping
explain
disease
mechanisms,
patient
stratification,
therapeutic
monitoring,
hard
identify
validate
due
complexity
biological
systems
limitations
techniques.
The
challenges
respond
include
high-throughput
capabilities
coupled
with
real-time
quantitative
analysis,
enabling
researchers
novel
biomarkers
greater
accuracy
reproducibility.
More
recent
design
improvements
further
expanded
functionality
also
digital
multiplex
technologies.
Digital
ideal
quantifying
rare
biomarkers,
is
essential
oncology
infectious
research.
In
contrast,
enable
simultaneous
analysis
multiple
targets,
therefore
simplifying
validation.
Furthermore,
single-cell
made
it
possible
detect
at
unprecedented
resolution,
hence
revealing
heterogeneity
within
cell
populations.
transforming
development,
target
identification,
efficacy
assessment.
They
play
a
major
role
development
companion
diagnostics
and,
therefore,
pave
way
personalized
medicine,
ensuring
right
receives
treatment.
While
this
tremendously
promising
technology
has
exhibited
many
regarding
its
scalability,
integration
other
omics
technologies,
conformity
regulatory
requirements,
still
prevail.
Future
breakthroughs
chip
manufacturing,
artificial
intelligence,
multi-omics
applications
will
expand
capabilities.
not
only
be
important
acceleration
but
raising
bar
improving
outcomes
hence,
global
health
care
as
these
technologies
continue
mature.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(6), С. 940 - 940
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Exosomes
have
emerged
as
pivotal
players
in
precision
oncology,
offering
innovative
solutions
to
longstanding
challenges
such
metastasis,
therapeutic
resistance,
and
immune
evasion.
These
nanoscale
extracellular
vesicles
facilitate
intercellular
communication
by
transferring
bioactive
molecules
that
mirror
the
biological
state
of
their
parent
cells,
positioning
them
transformative
tools
for
cancer
diagnostics
therapeutics.
Recent
advancements
exosome
engineering,
artificial
intelligence
(AI)-driven
analytics,
isolation
technologies
are
breaking
barriers
scalability,
reproducibility,
clinical
application.
Bioengineered
exosomes
being
leveraged
CRISPR-Cas9
delivery,
while
AI
models
enhancing
biomarker
discovery
liquid
biopsy
accuracy.
Despite
these
advancements,
key
obstacles
heterogeneity
populations
lack
standardized
protocols
persist.
This
review
synthesizes
pioneering
research
on
biology,
molecular
translation,
emphasizing
dual
roles
both
mediators
tumor
progression
intervention.
It
also
explores
emerging
areas,
including
microbiome–exosome
interactions
integration
machine
learning
exosome-based
medicine.
By
bridging
innovation
with
translational
strategies,
this
work
charts
a
forward-looking
path
integrating
into
next-generation
care,
setting
it
apart
comprehensive
guide
overcoming
technological
hurdles
rapidly
evolving
field.
The Journal of Gene Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
26(8)
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024
The
uncontrolled
growth
and
spread
of
cancerous
cells
beyond
their
usual
boundaries
into
surrounding
tissues
characterizes
cancer.
In
developed
countries,
cancer
is
the
leading
cause
death,
while
in
underdeveloped
nations,
it
ranks
second.
Using
existing
diagnostic
tools
has
increased
early
detection
rates,
which
crucial
for
effective
treatment.
recent
decades,
there
been
significant
progress
cancer-specific
survival
rates
owing
to
advances
ability
accurately
identify
precursor
lesions
a
aspect
screening
programs,
as
enables
treatment
initiation,
lower
long-term
incidence
invasive
improved
overall
prognosis.
However,
these
methods
have
limitations,
such
high
costs
technical
challenges,
can
make
accurate
diagnosis
certain
deep-seated
tumors
difficult.
To
achieve
prognosis,
essential
continue
developing
cutting-edge
technologies
molecular
biology
imaging.
Oral Oncology Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10, С. 100346 - 100346
Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2024
•
Cutting-edge
biomarker
discovery,
can
apply
genomics,
proteomics
and
metabolomics
technologies
to
discover
novel
biomarkers
for
the
early
detection
accurate
prognosis
of
oral
cancer.
Rigorous
validation
processes,
identified
brought
by
genomic
should
be
deeply
investigated
using
rigorous
methods
before
they
considered
as
good
quality
materials.
Clinical
application
exposure
cancer
treatment
field,
incorporating
into
clinical
practice
will
radically
change
detection,
planning
prognostic
assessment
increase
survival
rates
or
decrease
overall
disease
burden.
Mucocles
of
the
appendix,
encompassing
mucinous
cystadenomas
and
cystadenocarcinomas,
represent
rare
but
clinically
significant
appendiceal
lesions
characterized
by
accumulation
mucin
within
appendix
lumen.
This
review
explores
diagnostic
complexities
treatment
strategies
associated
with
mucocles,
emphasizing
importance
its
accurate
recognition
management.
Diagnostic
challenges
arise
due
to
overlapping
symptoms
acute
appendicitis
other
pathologies,
necessitating
a
multidimensional
approach
that
includes
imaging,
histopathological
analysis,
clinical
correlation.
Treatment
options
range
from
appendectomy
for
benign
more
extensive
surgical
procedures,
such
as
right
hemicolectomy
malignant
forms.
Prognostic
factors,
including
histological
subtype
tumor
size,
influence
decisions
long-term
outcomes.
By
synthesizing
current
evidence
insights,
this
aims
provide
comprehensive
framework
clinicians
navigate
mucocles
offering
perspectives
can
guide
effective
management
future
research
endeavors.
