Vaccination as a Promising Approach in Cardiovascular Risk Mitigation: Are We Ready to Embrace a Vaccine Strategy?

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(12), С. 1637 - 1637

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading global health concern, with atherosclerosis being its principal cause. Standard CVD treatments primarily focus on mitigating cardiovascular (CV) risk factors through lifestyle changes and cholesterol-lowering therapies. As is marked by chronic arterial inflammation, the innate adaptive immune systems play vital roles in progression, either exacerbating or alleviating development. This intricate interplay positions system as compelling therapeutic target. Consequently, immunomodulatory strategies have gained increasing attention, though none yet reached widespread clinical adoption. Safety concerns, particularly suppression of host defenses, remain significant barrier to application anti-inflammatory Recent decades revealed role responses plaque-associated autoantigens atherogenesis, opening new perspectives for targeted immunological interventions. Preclinical models indicate that vaccines targeting specific atherosclerosis-related can slow progression while preserving systemic function. In this context, numerous experimental studies advanced understanding vaccine development exploring diverse pathways. Key include passive immunization using naturally occurring immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies active low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) apolipoproteins, such apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100) CIII (ApoCIII). Other approaches involve formulations aimed at proteins regulate metabolism, including proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3). Furthermore, literature highlights potential developing non-lipid-related vaccines, key targets heat shock (HSPs), interleukins (ILs), angiotensin III (Ang III), disintegrin metalloproteinase thrombospondin motifs 7 (ADAMTS-7). However, translating these promising findings into safe effective therapies presents substantial challenges. review provides critical evaluation current anti-atherosclerotic vaccination strategies, examines their proposed mechanisms action, discusses challenges need be overcome enable translation.

Язык: Английский

Session 4: mRNA and Self-Amplifying RNA (saRNA): Opportunities for Disease Prevention and Therapy

Toxicologic Pathology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2024

The unprecedented speed of developing vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for COVID-19 pandemic, has propelled mRNA technologies into public eye. versatility technology, often referred to as “plug and play,” offers immense promise rapidly updating address newer variants diseases combat emerging infectious lethal pathogens, such Ebolavirus. However, potential applications technology extend well beyond prophylactic vaccines. This session explored two primary platforms: nonreplicating self-amplifying (variably saRNA, samRNA, or SAM). Presentation topics were on current research efforts aimed at broadening modalities Topics included opportunities delivering via intra-tumoral inhalational routes, immunological systemic inflammatory responses elicited by these modalities, regulatory considerations involved in development licensing technologies.

Язык: Английский

Inclisiran as a siRNA Inhibitor of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9); Past, Present, and Future

American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2024

Язык: Английский