Micelle–Micelle Cross-Linked Highly Stretchable Conductive Hydrogels for Potential Applications of Strain and Electronic Skin Sensors

Chemistry of Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(14), С. 5582 - 5592

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2023

Wearable sensors made of flexible and stretchable hydrogels have garnered significant attention. However, their use has been limited by poor mechanical performance, such as toughness, self-recovery, a large response–recovery time. To overcome these limitations, we developed novel cross-linking agent-based hydrogel with high stretchability, antifatigue properties, good conductivity. These were introducing l-glutamic acid (LGA) into hydrophobically cross-linked polyacrylamide (PAmm) chains. In this system, LGA dynamically the micelle–micelle micelle–polymer chains greatly regulates properties hydrogels. The noncovalent synergistic interactions that came insertion enable to achieve stretchability stress values, fast self-recovery behaviors without help foreign stimuli. Additionally, LGA-based can function durable highly sensitive strain for detecting various deformations time gauge factor value. As result, capability be designed wearable are capable human joint motions, neck twisting, bending, wrist, finger, elbow movements. Similarly, monitoring different subtle motions speaking differentiating between words, swallowing, drinking through larynx vibrations. Besides ability differentiate reproduce written words reliability. LGA-regulated potential applications in electric skins, medical monitoring, soft robotics, touch panels.

Язык: Английский

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High-Saline-Enabled Hydrophobic Homogeneous Cross-Linking for Extremely Soft, Tough, and Stretchable Conductive Hydrogels as High-Sensitive Strain Sensors

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(22), С. 23194 - 23206

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2023

Design of admirable conductive hydrogels combining robust toughness, soft flexibility, desirable conductivity, and freezing resistance remains daunting challenges for meeting the customized critical demands flexible wearable electronics. Herein, a promising facile strategy to prepare tailored these anticipated is proposed, which prepared in one step by homogeneous cross-linking acrylamide using hydrophobic divinylbenzene stabilized micelles under saturated high-saline solutions. The influence environments on hydrogel topology mechanical performance investigated. suppress size cross-linkers during polymerization, weaken dynamic associations soften hydrogels. Nevertheless, cross-linked networks ensure antifracture ultralarge deformations. obtained show special extremely deformability features (Young's modulus, 5 kPa; stretchability, 10200%; 134 kJ m-2; excellent anticrack propagation). saturated-saline also endow with ion conductivity (106 mS cm-1) (<20 °C). These comprehensive properties are quite suitable electronic applications, demonstrated high sensitivity durability derived strain sensors.

Язык: Английский

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Multiple-Language-Responsive Conductive Hydrogel Composites for Flexible Strain and Epidermis Sensors

ACS Applied Polymer Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(7), С. 4233 - 4243

Опубликована: Март 22, 2024

Conductive hydrogels are considered highly promising materials for developing skin-like sensors due to their excellent biocompatibility and mechanical flexibility. However, limited stretchability, low toughness, fatigue resistance hinder sensing capabilities durability. To overcome these limitations, we developed a conductive hydrogel composite with high performance the ability respond identify different languages. The prepared by incorporating functionalized multiwalled carbon tubes (F-CNTs) into hydrophobically associated polyacrylamide (AM) lauryl methacrylate (Lmc) hydrogels. ensure uniform dispersion of F-CNTs in network, cationic surfactant cetyldimethylethylammonium bromide (CDAB) is used; carboxylic group on cross-links micelles polymer chains through electrostatic interactions. also facilitates formation hydrophobic interactions between matrix F-CNT surface. This greatly improves properties hydrogel, resulting stretchability 2016%, toughness 551.56 kJ m–3, an antifatigue property. exhibits tensile strain sensitivity gauge factor 4.69 at 600% strain. hybrid hydrogel-based demonstrate capabilities, not only detecting full-range human activities but differentiating languages (English, Urdu, Pushto) both speaking writing. Besides sensing, has capability mimic skin touchable screen like metal. These results highlight potential F-CNT-based as wearable sensor flexible devices.

Язык: Английский

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Ionic conductive hydrogels formed through hydrophobic association for flexible strain sensing

Sensors and Actuators A Physical, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 350, С. 114148 - 114148

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Mechanical robust and highly conductive composite hydrogel reinforced by a combination of cellulose nanofibrils/polypyrrole toward high-performance strain sensor

Composites Part B Engineering, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 266, С. 111022 - 111022

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Guar gum reinforced conductive hydrogel for strain sensing and electronic devices

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 246, С. 125666 - 125666

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2023

Язык: Английский

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6-amino caproic acid regulated mechanical performance of ionically conductive ultra-stretchable hydrogels for flexible strain and epidermis sensors

Sensors and Actuators A Physical, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 356, С. 114363 - 114363

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Transparent, High Stretchable, Environmental Tolerance, and Excellent Sensitivity Hydrogel for Flexible Sensors and Capacitive Pens

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(37), С. 44280 - 44293

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2023

The prospect of ionic conductive hydrogels in multifunctional sensors has generated widespread scientific interest. new generation flexible materials should be combined with superior mechanical properties, high conductivity, transparency, sensitivity, good self-restoring fatigue and other characteristics, while the current are difficult to meet these requirements. Herein, we prepared poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid) (P(AM-AA))/gelatin/glycerol-Al3+ (PG1G2A) conducting hydrogel by one-pot polymerization under UV light. PG1G2A had tensile strength (539.18 kPa), excellent property (1412.96%), fast self-recovery resistance, transparency (>80%), moisturizing, antifreezing/drying properties. In addition, hydrogel-based strain sensor can respond stimulation generate accurate, stable, recyclable electrical signals, sensitivity (GF 5.81). could used as wearable devices for monitoring multiple subtle movements different body parts at temperatures. Interestingly, capacitive pen embedded mold write draw on screen a phone or tablet. This shows broad application prospects E-skin, motion monitoring, human-computer interaction extreme environments.

Язык: Английский

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Hydrophobically associated ionic conductive hydrogels as strain, pressure, and an electronic sensor for human motions detection

Sensors and Actuators A Physical, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 362, С. 114618 - 114618

Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Multifunctional Conductive Double-Network Hydrogel Sensors for Multiscale Motion Detection and Temperature Monitoring

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(51), С. 59854 - 59865

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2023

As typical soft materials, hydrogels have demonstrated great potential for the fabrication of flexible sensors due to their highly compatible elastic modulus with human skin, prominent flexibility, and biocompatible three-dimensional network structure. However, practical application wearable hydrogel is significantly constrained because weak adhesion, limited stretchability, poor self-healing properties traditional hydrogels. Herein, a multifunctional sodium hyaluronate (SH)/borax (B)/gelatin (G) double-cross-linked conductive (SBG) was designed constructed through simple one-pot blending strategy SH gelatin as gel matrix borax dynamic cross-linker. The obtained SBG exhibited moderate tensile strength 25.3 kPa at large elongation 760%, high interfacial toughness (106.5 kJ m–3), strong adhesion (28 paper), satisfactory conductivity (224.5 mS/m). In particular, cross-linking between SH, gelatin, via borate ester bonds hydrogen chain endowed good fatigue resistance (>300 cycles), rapid performance (HE (healing efficiency) ∼97.03%), excellent repeatable adhesion. sensor assembled desirable strain sensing competitive gauge factor exceptional stability, which enabled it detect distinguish various multiscale motions physiological signals. Furthermore, capable precisely perceiving temperature variation thermal sensitivity (1.685% °C–1). result, displayed dual sensory deformation. It envisioned that integration provide novel convenient next generation multisensory electronics lay solid foundation in electronic skin actuators.

Язык: Английский

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