Probiotics modulate the microbiota–gut–brain axis and improve memory deficits in aged SAMP8 mice

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10(3), С. 475 - 487

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2019

ProBiotic-4 is a probiotic preparation composed of Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus casei, bifidum, and acidophilus. This study aims to investigate the effects on microbiota-gut-brain axis cognitive deficits, explore underlying molecular mechanism using senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice. was orally administered 9-month-old SAMP8 mice for 12 weeks. We observed that significantly improved memory cerebral neuronal synaptic injuries, glial activation, microbiota composition in feces brains aged substantially attenuated aging-related disruption intestinal barrier blood-brain barrier, decreased interleukin-6 tumor necrosis factor-α at both mRNA protein levels, reduced plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) translocation brain. In addition, not only did levels γ-H2AX, 8-hydroxydesoxyguanosine, retinoic-acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I), it also abrogated RIG-I multimerization These findings suggest targeting gut with probiotics may have therapeutic potential deficits function aging, its associated inhibition TLR4-and RIG-I-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway inflammatory responses.

Язык: Английский

---

Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(30), С. 4053 - 4060

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2022

The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that inhabit the digestive tracts humans, living in symbiosis with host. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance between beneficial and opportunistic microbiota, associated several gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); inflammatory disease (IBD), represented ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease; colorectal cancer (CRC). Dysbiosis can disrupt mucosal barrier, resulting perpetuation inflammation carcinogenesis. increase some specific groups harmful bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli) enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), has been chronic tissue release pro-inflammatory carcinogenic mediators, increasing chance developing CRC, following inflammation-dysplasia-cancer sequence IBD patients. Therefore, aim present review was to analyze correlation changes development maintenance IBD, IBD-associated CRC. Patients CRC have shown reduced bacterial diversity abundance compared healthy individuals, enrichment Firmicute sand Bacteroidetes. Specific bacteria are also onset progression Fusobacterium nucleatum, E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus gallolyticus, ETBF. Future research evaluate advantages modulating preventive measures high-risk patients, directly affecting prognosis quality life

Язык: Английский

---

The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis and Alzheimer’s Disease: Neuroinflammation Is to Blame?

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 13(1), С. 37 - 37

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2020

For years, it has been reported that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Various external and internal factors may contribute to early onset AD. This review highlights a contribution disturbances in microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis development Alteration gut microbiota composition determined by increase permeability barrier immune cell activation, leading impairment blood–brain function promotes neuroinflammation, neuronal loss, neural injury, ultimately Numerous studies have shown plays crucial role brain changes behavior individuals formation bacterial amyloids. Lipopolysaccharides amyloids synthesized can trigger cells residing activate response neuroinflammation. Growing experimental clinical data indicate prominent dysbiosis microbiota–host interactions Modulation with antibiotics or probiotic supplementation create new preventive therapeutic options Accumulating evidences affirm research on MGB involvement AD necessary for treatment targets therapies

Язык: Английский

---

Microbiota in neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunction: a focus on Alzheimer’s disease

Molecular Neurodegeneration, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Март 5, 2022

The implication of gut microbiota in the control brain functions health and disease is a novel, currently emerging concept. Accumulating data suggest that exert its action at least part by modulating neuroinflammation. Given link between neuroinflammatory changes neuronal activity, it plausible may affect indirectly impacting microglia, key player Indeed, increasing evidence suggests interplay microglia synaptic dysfunction involve microbiota, among other factors. In addition to these indirect microglia-dependent actions on has been recently recognized could also activity directly stimulation vagus nerve.

Язык: Английский

---

Reduced C9ORF72 function exacerbates gain of toxicity from ALS/FTD-causing repeat expansion in C9orf72

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 23(5), С. 615 - 624

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2020

Язык: Английский

---

Gut microbiota–brain axis in depression: The role of neuroinflammation

European Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 53(1), С. 222 - 235

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2019

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric condition that affects large number of people in the world, and treatment existents do not work for all individuals affected. Thus, it believed other systems or pathways which regulate brain networks involved mood regulation cognition are associated with MDD pathogenesis. Studies humans animal models have been shown there increased levels inflammatory mediators, including cytokines chemokines both periphery central nervous system (CNS). In addition, microglial activation appears to be key event triggers changes signaling cascades gene expression would determinant onset symptoms. Recent researches also point out gut microbiota lead systemic inflammation different ways reach CNS modulating especially microglia, could influence responses treatments. Moreover, pre- probiotics antidepressant anti-inflammatory effects. This review will focus on studies show relationship microbiota-brain axis its relation MDD.

Язык: Английский

---

Differences in the gut Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio across age groups in healthy Ukrainian population

BMC Microbiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2020

Abstract Background Gut microbiota plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes of the host organism, including aging. Microbiota composition was shown to vary significantly throughout life course. Age-related changes were reported several human studies. In present study, age-related dynamics phylogenetic profile gut investigated 1550 healthy participants from Ukrainian population. Results Significant determined by qRT-PCR at level major microbial phyla across age groups have been observed. The relative abundance Actinobacteria Firmicutes increased, while that Bacteroidetes decreased childhood elderly age. Accordingly, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio increase until elder both sexes, odds F/B > 1 tended with age, reaching maximum values [OR = 2.7 (95% CI, 1.2–6.0) OR 3.7 1.4–9.6) for female male 60–69-year groups, respectively, compared same-sex reference (0–9-year) groups]. Conclusions conclusion, data our study indicate intestinal differs groups. tends 0–9-year Further studies are needed a better understanding mechanisms underlying composition.

Язык: Английский

---

Gut dysbiosis in Huntington’s disease: associations among gut microbiota, cognitive performance and clinical outcomes

Brain Communications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 2(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020

Huntington's disease is characterized by a triad of motor, cognitive and psychiatric impairments, as well unintended weight loss. Although much the research has focused on cognitive, motor symptoms, extent peripheral pathology relationship between these factors, core symptoms disease, are relatively unknown. Gut microbiota key modulators communication brain gut, alterations in composition (dysbiosis) can negatively affect cognition, behaviour affective function, may be implicated progression. Furthermore, gut dysbiosis was recently reported transgenic mice. Our main objective to characterize microbiome people with determine whether significantly related clinical indicators We compared 42 gene expansion carriers, including 19 who were diagnosed (Total Functional Capacity > 6) 23 premanifest stage, 36 age- gender-matched healthy controls. Participants clinically using battery tests results from 16S V3 V4 rRNA sequencing faecal samples microbiome. For measures, we found significant differences microbial communities (beta diversity) based unweighted UniFrac distance (P = 0.001), lower alpha diversity (species richness evenness) our combined carrier group controls 0.001). also major shifts community structure at Phylum Family levels, identified functional pathways enzymes affected group. Within group, discovered associations among bacteria, performance outcomes. Overall, findings suggest an altered carriers. These highlight importance biomarkers raise interesting questions regarding role it potential target for future therapeutic intervention.

Язык: Английский

---

Gut Microbiome–Brain Alliance: A Landscape View into Mental and Gastrointestinal Health and Disorders

ACS Chemical Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(10), С. 1717 - 1763

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Gut microbiota includes a vast collection of microorganisms residing within the gastrointestinal tract. It is broadly recognized that gut and brain are in constant bidirectional communication, which its metabolic production major component, form so-called microbiome–brain axis. Disturbances homeostasis caused by imbalance their functional composition activities, known as dysbiosis, cause dysregulation these pathways trigger changes blood–brain barrier permeability, thereby causing pathological malfunctions, including neurological disorders. In turn, can affect structure function through autonomic nervous system regulating motility, intestinal transit secretion, permeability. Here, we examine data from CAS Content Collection, largest published scientific information, analyze publication landscape recent research. We review advances knowledge related to human microbiome, complexity functionality, communication with central system, effect axis on mental health. discuss correlations between various diseases, specifically also explore metabolites regard impact associated diseases. Finally, assess clinical applications gut-microbiota-related substances development pipelines. hope this serve useful resource understanding current emerging field an effort further solving remaining challenges fulfilling potential.

Язык: Английский

---

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid: a potential therapeutic tool in neurodegenerative diseases

Translational Neurodegeneration, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2022

Abstract Most neurodegenerative disorders are diseases of protein homeostasis, with misfolded aggregates accumulating. The process is mediated by numerous metabolic pathways, most which lead to apoptosis. In recent years, hydrophilic bile acids, particularly tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), have shown important anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective activities, experimental clinical evidence suggesting their possible therapeutic use as disease-modifiers in diseases. Experimental on the mechanisms underlying TUDCA’s action derives from animal models Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s Huntington’s diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cerebral ischemia. Preclinical studies indicate that TUDCA exerts its effects not only regulating inhibiting apoptotic cascade, but also reducing oxidative stress, protecting mitochondria, producing an anti-neuroinflammatory action, acting a chemical chaperone maintain stability correct folding proteins. Furthermore, data phase II trials be safe potential disease-modifier ALS. ALS first disease being treated acids. While further accumulated for other stands promising treatment

Язык: Английский

---