Wear Performance and Wear Prediction of Coating of Shrapnel Detector Arm for Oil and Gas Pipelines

Coatings, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 309 - 309

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

A leaf spring caliper is a device used to detect the geometry and defects of inner wall oil gas pipelines. The detection principle involves installing strain gauges on detecting arm, which can be bent elastically. gauge signal connected voltage-detecting equipment pipeline through voltage signal. This has advantages high accuracy small structure size. However, arm works via contact detection, will worn out when working, thus reducing accuracy. paper establishes wear model constructs test system based model. simulates between material 51CrV4 (ISO 683-2-2016) L555Q 3183:2012). By changing coating such as nickel-phosphorus coating, epoxy acrylic resin or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pattern explored experimental results are analyzed summarized select most suitable material. polynomial fit data, followed by Reye–Archard fit, was performed finally derive function for springs with different materials. prediction algorithm predict detector extended length calibrated. show that average error predicted data actual observed in accordance expectations. Therefore, its corresponding applied correction improve calipers.

Язык: Английский

---

Green Building Design and Sustainable Development Optimization Strategy Based on Evolutionary Game Theory Model

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(6), С. 2649 - 2649

Опубликована: Март 17, 2025

This study introduces an evolutionary game model to investigate the strategic interaction among government regulatory agencies, shopping center investors, and tenants in global energy-saving renovation market. The focus is on three innovative aspects. Firstly, reveals that positive tenant behavior can stimulate investors’ participation projects by triggering potential market demand, thereby establishing a dynamic balance between supply demand. viewpoint has been previously overlooked energy research. Secondly, demonstrates transformation of strategies. In early stages development, direct intervention through subsidies penalties crucial, decisions are constrained both returns costs. When exceed cost premium, investors actively participate, policy incentives lower barriers promote expansion. As matures, transition toward guidance optimizes sustainable outcomes. Thirdly, extensive numerical simulations have confirmed existence multiple stable equilibrium states under different incentive conditions, providing new evidence for stability adaptability These findings significantly advance theoretical understanding multi-stakeholder interactions green building provide practical developing adaptive effective frameworks.

Язык: Английский

---

Prediction Model of Farmland Water Conservancy Project Cost Index Based on PCA–DBO–SVR

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(6), С. 2702 - 2702

Опубликована: Март 18, 2025

With the gradual cessation of budget quota standards and emphasis on market-based pricing, accurately predicting project investments has become a critical issue in construction management. This study focuses cost indicator prediction for irrigation drainage projects to address absence farmland water conservancy achieve accurate efficient investment prediction. Engineering characteristics affecting indicators were comprehensively analyzed, principal component analysis (PCA) was employed identify key influencing factors. A model proposed based support vector regression (SVR) optimized using dung beetle optimizer (DBO) algorithm. The DBO algorithm SVR hyperparameters, resolving issues poor generalization long times. Validation 2024 data from Liaoning Province showed that PCA–DBO–SVR achieved superior performance. For electromechanical well projects, root mean square error (RMSE) 1.116 million CNY, absolute (MAE) 0.910 percentage (MAPE) 3.261%, R2 reached 0.962. ditch 0.500 MAE 0.281 MAPE 3.732%, 0.923. outperformed BP, SVR, PCA–SVR models all evaluations, demonstrating higher accuracy better capability. provides theoretical developing offers valuable insights dynamically adjusting national improving fund

Язык: Английский

---

Expert-based sustainable investment strategies for SMEs with hybrid molecular fuzzy learning algorithms

Sustainable Futures, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100575 - 100575

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---