Large Language Models for Mental Health Applications: A Systematic Review (Preprint)

JMIR Mental Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11, С. e57400 - e57400

Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2024

Background Large language models (LLMs) are advanced artificial neural networks trained on extensive datasets to accurately understand and generate natural language. While they have received much attention demonstrated potential in digital health, their application mental particularly clinical settings, has generated considerable debate. Objective This systematic review aims critically assess the use of LLMs specifically focusing applicability efficacy early screening, interventions, settings. By systematically collating assessing evidence from current studies, our work analyzes models, methodologies, data sources, outcomes, thereby highlighting challenges present, prospects for use. Methods Adhering PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses) guidelines, this searched 5 open-access databases: MEDLINE (accessed by PubMed), IEEE Xplore, Scopus, JMIR, ACM Digital Library. Keywords used were (mental health OR illness disorder psychiatry) AND (large models). study included articles published between January 1, 2017, April 30, 2024, excluded languages other than English. Results In total, 40 evaluated, including 15 (38%) conditions suicidal ideation detection through text analysis, 7 (18%) as conversational agents, 18 (45%) applications evaluations health. show good effectiveness detecting issues providing accessible, destigmatized eHealth services. However, assessments also indicate that risks associated with might surpass benefits. These include inconsistencies text; production hallucinations; absence a comprehensive, benchmarked ethical framework. Conclusions examines inherent risks. The identifies several issues: lack multilingual annotated experts, concerns regarding accuracy reliability content, interpretability due “black box” nature LLMs, ongoing dilemmas. clear, framework; privacy issues; overreliance both physicians patients, which could compromise traditional medical practices. As result, should not be considered substitutes professional rapid development underscores valuable aids, emphasizing need continued research area. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42024508617; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=508617

Язык: Английский

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Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health visits in primary care: an interrupted time series analysis from nine INTRePID countries

EClinicalMedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 70, С. 102533 - 102533

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted mental health disorders, affecting both individuals with pre-existing conditions and those no prior history. However, there is limited evidence regarding the pandemic's impact on visits to primary care physicians.

Язык: Английский

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Mental Health and Sociodemographic Influences During COVID-19: Longitudinal Findings from Iceland

Journal of Psychiatric Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 182, С. 243 - 252

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Editorial: Cognitive and mental health improvement under- and post-COVID-19, volume II

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic had an enormous impact on a worldwide level: it was officially declared as global public health emergency by the World Health Organization from January 30, 2020 to May 5, 2023, totaling more than 777 million documented cases and responsible for 7 deaths (1).The also produced significant mental (2)(3)(4)(5). Effects could be related biological effects of SARS-CoV-2, particularly regards cognitive impairment persistent fatigue (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), but widespread pervasive fear contagion, increase in social isolation severe prolonged feelings loneliness uncertainty played critical role worsening stress, anxiety depressive symptoms well suicidal ideation (12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Notably, this situation disproportionately impacted individuals vulnerable marginalized groups (17)(18)(19) healthcare workers, which often faced levels stress burnout (20)(21)(22).Despite conclusion emergency, psychological toll lingering persist day issues. In context, gathering disseminating evidence developing novel insight research field represent objectives relevance both scientific societal perspective.The present Research Topic represents second volume collection works dedicated improvement during after (23) contains 9 different manuscripts.Five studies investigated outcomes student samples with use surveys.Gao et al. surveyed 3049 vocational students Sichuan Province, China, reported high rates poor health, anxiety, depression, insomnia. High family economic status, low pandemic, decreased online activity contributed positively while lack post-pandemic physical activity, disruptions education employment, deteriorating relationships emerged negative determinants.Liu 1034 college Liaoning that perceived emotions sequentially mediated relationship between support sleep quality, hope coping styles moderated sequential mediating effect. Zeng 1555 Hunan China first three months pandemic. They observed better functioning, measured Family APGAR Index, associated fewer neurasthenia, fear, obsessive-anxiety hypochondriasis.Wu A 1711 Hebei predicted posttraumatic growth belief just world meaning life relationship.Jiang R 282 secondary school Anhui self-efficacy resilience emotional intelligence partially relationship.Two relied interviews participants assess outcomes. Shahwan interviewed 858 adult Singapore residents, reporting 22% sample showed work 19% personal burnout, younger being frequently burnt-out. Stress risk factor, protective factor. Path analysis relation explained resilience.Zhang X & Bian L 10 Z University, university closed management measure enhancing safety promoting learning engagement, they emphasized adverse their psychology, life.Two specific populations.Chen 327 year Shanghai, China. 27.8% 20.5% depression respectively. Preexisting conditions, medical insurance, concerns about shortages daily necessities quarantine, "guilt self-blame" factors anxiety. Moreover, regarding epidemic or denial were potential rejection discrimination outside quarantine Firstly, measures, such lockdowns, have significantly worsened evidenced diverse assessments across various groups.Secondly, multiple pathways contribute these effects, including necessities, financial hardship, delays, relationships, reduced activity. Understanding can help mitigate pandemic's toll.Third, several been identified. Demographic factors, age, maladaptive strategies, self-blame denial, are linked poorer adaptation. contrast, environmental factors-such support, socioeconomic stability, resilience, hope, sense meaning, self-efficacy, intelligence-serve buffers.In conclusion, provides insights into elements informing researchers clinicians targets contain and, overall, strengthen resilience.

Язык: Английский

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Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) for Population Health and Health Inequalities

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(7), С. 5223 - 5223

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Since the start of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, governments around world have adopted an array measures intended to control transmission SARS-CoV-2 virus, using both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). NPIs are public health that do not rely on vaccines or medicines include policies such as lockdowns, stay-at-home orders, school closures, travel restrictions. Although intention was slow viral transmission, emerging research indicates these also had unintended consequences for other aspects health. Hence, we conducted a narrative review studies investigating NPIs, with particular emphasis mental lifestyle risk factors non-communicable diseases (NCD): physical activity (PA), overweight obesity, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking. We reviewed scientific literature combinations search terms ‘COVID-19′, ‘pandemic’, ‘lockdowns’, ‘mental health’, ‘physical activity’, ‘obesity’. were found considerable adverse health, activity, obesity. The impacts consumption varied greatly within between studies. variability different groups implies increased inequalities by age, sex/gender, socioeconomic status, pre-existing lifestyle, place residence. In conclusion, proper assessment use attempts spread should be weighed against potential Our findings relevance future preparedness response teams.

Язык: Английский

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Addressing mental health need after COVID-19: a systematic review of remote EMDR therapy studies as an emerging option

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with a substantial rise in mental health challenges, prompting need for accessible and effective therapeutic interventions. This review summarizes the evidence on remote Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy delivered response to increased need. Methods A systematic was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases including PsychINFO, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science were searched identify studies assessing efficacy EMDR administered online. Results Sixteen articles meeting inclusion criteria selected, involving 1,231 participants across various age groups. Studies covered individual group sessions self-administered computerized protocols. Findings indicate promising outcomes reducing PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression. Discussion analysis selected demonstrates feasibility potential online as an option addressing difficulties, particularly during times limited in-person interaction. However, revealed limitations such small sample sizes, absence control groups, reliance self-reported measures. registration: present registered “The International Database Register Your Reviews” (INPLASY) registration number 2023120018 DOI 10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0068 .

Язык: Английский

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How COVID-19 has changed the utilization of different health care services in Poland

BMC Health Services Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2024

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has affected health care systems in many ways, including access to and the use of non-COVID services. aim study was assess impact on utilization different public services Poland. Methods aggregated data users provided for years 2015/2016–2021 were used analyse changes during deviations from pre-pandemic trends. Quantitative analysis complemented with qualitative descriptions principles provision pandemic. Results results show a considerable drop most 2020 that some cases disturbed trends not made up 2021. significant decrease been observed field preventive services, as well rehabilitation. these put hold Conclusions accumulated COVID-19-related “health debt” urgently calls government actions strengthen disease prevention promotion

Язык: Английский

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Co-designing a digital mental health platform, “Momentum”, with young people aged 7–17: A qualitative study

Digital Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) offer a promising alternative or adjunct treatment method to face-to-face treatment, overcoming barriers associated with stigma, access, and cost. This project is embedded in user experience co-design enhance the potential acceptability, usability integration of digital platforms into youth services.To platform that provides self-directed, tailored, modularised for young people aged 7-17 years experiencing anxiety, depression other related problems.Sixty-eight participants, years, engaged one 20 workshops. Eight workshops involved children (n = 26, m 9.42 sd 1.27) 12 adolescents 42, 14.57 1.89). Participants variety activities (e.g., designing website home page rating self-report assessment features). Workshop transcripts artefacts participants' drawings) were thematically analysed using Gale et al.'s Framework Method NVivo.Six themes identified: Interactive; Relatable; Customisable; Intuitive; Inclusive; Personalised, transparent trustworthy content. The analysis revealed differences between children's adolescents' designs ideas, supporting need two different versions platform, age-appropriate activities, features, terminology, content.This research showcased as powerful tool facilitate collaboration DMHIs. Two sets recommendations produced: 1) design, functionality, content DMHIs, supported by child- adolescent-designed strategies; 2) clinicians researchers planning conduct intervention development adolescents.

Язык: Английский

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Digitally Transforming Community Mental Healthcare: Real-World Lessons from Algorithmic Workforce Integration

Psychiatry Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 345, С. 116339 - 116339

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Unexpected effects of pandemic-related changes on mental health: Evidence from a nationwide survey in South Korea

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(1), С. e0317493 - e0317493

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Background Substantial evidence indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected population mental health globally. However, most studies assumed a linear relationship where only negative pandemic-induced changes led to worse outcomes, overlooking complex between COVID-19-related and health. This study examined how various types magnitudes of pandemic-related relate depression suicidal thoughts in large, nationwide adult sample. Methods We analyzed data from 2021 Korean Community Health Survey, cross-sectional survey 229,213 adults. The association outcomes three changes: daily life impact (scored 0–100), economic activities (employment income changes), behaviors (physical activity, instant food consumption, alcohol smoking). Complex sample multiple logistic regression analysis was used assess these associations, adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Results showed non-linear patterns. Compared those reporting moderate changes, individuals either no change (depression: aOR 1.253, 95% CI 1.135–1.384; thoughts: 1.355, 1.236–1.486) or complete disruption 1.895, 1.667–2.155; 1.788, 1.558–2.052) higher risks poor Unexpectedly, positive such as improved working conditions (suicidal 1.419, 1.200–1.677) increased 1.304, 1.139–1.493; 1.244, 1.079–1.435) were also associated with adverse outcomes. Conclusions reveals both minimal substantial life, well behaviors, during pandemic. These findings suggest need comprehensive interventions consider crisis situations.

Язык: Английский

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