Temperature and water content estimation in soils of the semi‐arid region of Brazil using finite difference and CFD

European Journal of Soil Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 75(5)

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Abstract Determining the temperature and water content of soil, at a given instant or along time, is fundamental to understand several soil‐related phenomena processes. Evaporation, aeration, chemical‐reaction rates types, biological processes such as germination growth seeds, root development, nutrient uptake by roots, decomposition organic matter microbes, are all strongly influenced soil temperature. On other hand, infiltration through surface allows temporarily store water, making it available for plants organisms living in soil. Furthermore, closely related physical chemical properties oxygen demand, which impacts breathing, microbial activity balance. The accurate evaluation these two parameters their interconnection even relevant semi‐arid regions, where climate conditions particularly difficult, north‐eastern zone Brazil. Thus, use computational models coupled approaches imperative rigorous descriptions. This work presents contribution estimate content, solving heat transfer equation Richards equation, respectively, finite differences. As input, model uses experimental material composition time‐dependent profile information about regional rain regime. Three different numerical were implemented: explicit, simple implicit Crank–Nicolson method. calculations obtained with compared results from Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). relative differences between methods less than 0.006% 2.75% using equation. maximum within model, including both constant variable water‐content profile, 3.28%. CFX tool have 0.6%, contributes verifying accuracy implemented methods.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing And Mapping Ecosystem Services In A Tropical Seasonal Forest Landscape

Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(1), С. 689 - 708

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

Os levantamentos de serviços ecossistêmicos oferecem bases para o entendimento como funções e processos contribuem com seus benefícios bem-estar humano. Na América do Sul, os ecossistemas florestais representam uma importante fonte desses serviços, sendo pouco conhecida a dinâmica espacial destes dentro bioma Caatinga (tropical dry forest). Esta pesquisa teve objetivo avaliar prestados por um ambiente floresta tropical estacional montana (FTEM) na região Nordeste Brasil. foram classificados (CICES) espacializados segundo sua relevância base em dados sensoriamento remoto. A cobertura vegetal da Serra João Vale presta “Provisão” (91,45% área estuada “Alta capacidade relevante”) “Cultural” (95,85% prestam “Capacidade relevante muito alta”), direta indiretamente, meio das relações culturais componente faunístico. Já “Regulação manutenção” analisados, observou-se que há relação entre ambientes florestais, declividade atividades humanas. Foi constatado as áreas declivosas recobertas FTEM apresentam 0 5 t.ha-1.ano-1 perdas solos ocupam 15% estudo. Para estas foi atribuído à classe alta”. No outro extremo, registrada perda solo supera 200 t.ha-1.ano-1, atingindo máximo 3.056,8 t.ha-1.ano-1. Por fim, obtidos estudo integram-se caracterizar modo vida comunidades rurais ali presentes.

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Effects of Canopy Damage and Litterfall Input on CO2-Fixing Bacterial Communities

Forests, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(9), С. 1712 - 1712

Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2023

Extreme weather events often cause canopy disturbance and litter deposition. To study the CO2-fixing bacterial response to forest damage, we simulated damage caused by extreme with four different treatments: control (CN), trimming + removal of branches leaves debris (TR), retaining (TD), undamaged transplantation (UD). We used cbbL gene, which encodes ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO), for Miseq sequencing analyze dynamics community composition soil bacteria five consecutive years after damage. Double treatments litterfall inputs (TD) facilitate restoration better than single (TR or UD). Most are facultative autotrophic bacteria, Nitrosospira, Streptomyces, Saccharomonospora main carbon-fixing microorganisms, have significant differences during damaged canopy. The ecosystem lasted 4–5 years. Rainfall pH showed a negative correlation most communities. This provides theoretical basis improving carbon sequestration capacity also guidance management.

Язык: Английский

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