ACS ES&T Water,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(1), С. 188 - 196
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2024
Recently
finalized
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(EPA)
regulations
on
per-
and
poly
fluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
are
expected
to
require
water
utilities
install
more
advanced
treatment
technologies
achieve
compliance.
With
the
costs
of
these
likely
falling
upon
already
financially
vulnerable
utilities,
providers
may
be
forced
raise
rates
–
rendering
services
unaffordable
for
consumers
In
this
work,
we
use
EPA-based
PFAS
compliance
cost
estimates
model
system
size-specific
distributions
pre-
post-compliance
364
in
state
Ohio
assess
their
ability
provide
affordable
drinking
given
new
regulations.
Utilizing
EPA
definitions,
find
that
National
Primary
Drinking
Water
Regulation
creates
median
income
less
than
0.5%
systems.
However,
applying
alternative
metrics
from
literature,
low-income
households
customers
served
by
very
small
systems
(due
poor
economies
scale)
emerge
as
disproportionately
have
water.
On
average,
annual
bills
post-PFAS
were
nearly
$200
greater
relative
large
These
results
support
concerns
current
methods
underestimate
affordability
while
raising
questions
about
definition
a
regulatory
context.
Toxics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(2), С. 135 - 135
Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025
Organic
pollutants
like
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFASs)
exhibit
persistence,
bioaccumulation,
resistance
to
degradation,
high
toxicity,
garnering
significant
attention
from
scholars
worldwide.
To
better
address
mitigate
the
environmental
risks
posed
by
PFASs,
this
paper
employs
bibliometric
analysis
examine
literature
on
PFASs'
concentrations
collected
in
Web
of
Science
(WoS)
database
between
2019
2024.
The
results
show
that
overall
trend
pollution
research
is
relatively
stable
increasing.
In
addition,
study
also
summarizes
status
traditional
PFASs
across
different
media
typical
freshwater
basins.
It
analyzes
surface
water,
sediment,
aquatic
organisms,
elucidating
their
distribution
characteristics
potential
sources.
While
perfluorooctanoic
acid
(PFOA)
perfluorooctane
sulfonic
(PFOS)
levels
water
environments
are
declining
annually,
short-chain
substitutes
emerging
as
primary
pollutants.
Short-chain
frequently
detected
whereas
long-chain
tend
accumulate
sediments.
more
likely
concentrate
protein-rich
organs
tissues.
presence
largely
influenced
human
activities,
such
metal
plating,
fluoride
industry
development,
industrial
wastewater
discharge.
Currently,
development
China
faces
a
complex
dilemma,
entangled
policy
legal
constraints,
production
demands,
use
new
alternatives,
regulation
restriction,
creating
vicious
cycle.
Breaking
deadlock
necessitates
continuous
active
scientific
particularly
PFOS,
with
an
emphasis
detailed
investigations
sources
sinks.
Furthermore,
ecological
health
risk
assessments
were
conducted
using
Risk
Quotient
(RQ)
Hazard
(HQ)
methods.
Comprehensive
comparison
indicates
(such
PFOA)
majority
basins
at
low-risk
level
(RQ
<
0.1
or
HQ
0.2),
PFOS
some
medium-risk
(0.1
RQ
1),
no
basin
high-risk
level.
adsorption
removal
approaches
analyzed,
revealing
combination
multiple
treatment
technologies
novel
integrated
technology
holds
excellent
prospects
for
PFASs.
Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(2), С. 451 - 451
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
The
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(US
EPA)
recently
finalized
the
enforceable
maximum
contaminant
levels
for
some
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
in
drinking
water
which
intends
to
substantially
decrease
their
level
it.
Conventional
processes
full-scale
treatment
plants
(DWTPs)
are
usually
inefficient
PFAS
removal
from
source
(i.e.,
groundwater
surface
water).
There
is
an
increasing
interest
investigating/evaluating
advanced
technologies
PFAS-contaminated
help
generate
a
number
of
potential
solutions
this
engineering
design
challenge/problem.
While
numerous
excellent
research
studies
have
been
carried
out
reported
literature
on
efficiency
several
removing
water,
mostly
at
lab-
pilot-scales,
DWTP
investigations
still
need
further
attention.
This
study
reviews
US
EPA’s
quality
guidelines/regulations,
remediation
DWTPs.
Then,
it
discusses
configurations
water)
as
well
suggesting
future
directions.
Further
effect
environmental
factors
(e.g.,
organic
matter)
removal,
effective
elimination
short-chain
real
using
cost-effective
industrially
applicable
technologies,
efficiency/performance
trains
including
innovative
long-term
produce
associated
costs,
cost
reduction/minimization
via
process
optimization
interest.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025
Perfluorooctanoic
acid
(PFOA)
is
one
of
the
highly
toxic
compounds
which
was
phased
out
application
in
consumer
products
2015
due
to
its
harmful
effects
on
human
and
environmental
health.
However,
this
chemical
use
for
many
years
still
found
water
resources.
This
study
focuses
physiological
response
duckweed
(
Lemna
mino
r)
exposed
PFOA
so
as
determine
phytotoxicity
potential
aquatic
species
remove
from
environment.
A
time-dependent
assay
showed
that
exposure
0.1
µg/L
14
days
resulted
loss
chlorophyll
pigment
15-25%
more
chlorosis
than
controls.
Although
seven
chlorosis,
no
significant
impact
parameters
such
photosynthetic
or
anthocyanin
content
were
detected.
The
analysis
cellular
size
day
zero
experiment
control
group
significantly
larger
cell
after
(213
±
6.5
µm²)
compared
with
(186
18
µm²),
while
(198
13
did
not
change
group.
nuclear
increased
by
13%
upon
controls
(ρ
<
0.0001).
concentration
essential
elements
K,
Cu,
Fe,
Mn,
Zn,
Mo
reduced
L.
minor
39.6,
33.4,
42.1,
35.2,
31.9,
40.2%,
respectively.
Additionally,
accumulated
fronds
roots
an
average
bioaccumulation
factor
56
7.
Overall,
some
symptoms
toxicity
observed,
shows
can
tolerate
up
PFOA,
a
commonly
concentrations
bodies,
water.
provides
invaluable
information
regarding
phototoxicity
impacts
phytoremediation
PFOA.
