COVID-19 and Bone Loss: A Review of Risk Factors, Mechanisms, and Future Directions

Current Osteoporosis Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(1), С. 122 - 134

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review SARS-CoV-2 drove the catastrophic global phenomenon COVID-19 pandemic resulting in a multitude systemic health issues, including bone loss. The purpose this review is to summarize recent findings related loss and potential mechanisms. Recent Findings early clinical evidence indicates an increase vertebral fractures, hypocalcemia, vitamin D deficiencies, BMD among patients. Additionally, lower associated with more severe infection. Preclinical models have shown increased osteoclastogenesis. infection could be result many factors that directly affect such as higher inflammation, activation NLRP3 inflammasome, recruitment Th17 cells, hypoxic environment, changes RANKL/OPG signaling. can exert indirect effects on skeleton, mechanical unloading may occur disease (e.g., bed rest) or BMI muscle wasting has also been Muscle cause issues influence bone. Medications used treat negative effect Lastly, worsen conditions diabetes negatively kidney function, all which contribute fracture risk. Summary through multiple direct Future work will needed determine what patient populations are at risk COVID-19-related increases risk, mechanisms behind loss, therapeutic options. This article part series manuscripts designed utility using artificial intelligence for writing scientific reviews.

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 and its Multifaceted Impact on Bone Health: Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence

Current Osteoporosis Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(1), С. 135 - 145

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2024

SARS-CoV-2 infection, the culprit of COVID-19 pandemic, has been associated with significant long-term effects on various organ systems, including bone health. This review explores current understanding impacts infection health and its potential consequences.

Язык: Английский

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OPG and BAFF as predictive biomarkers of the severity of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 29(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Abstract Molecules of the tumour necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) are key players in immune regulation; an increase some TNFSF molecules has been reported during severe COVID‐19. In this study, we profiled and evaluated members serum COVID‐19 vaccine‐naïve patients to identify potential biomarkers associated with disease severity. Our data show that TRAIL levels lower severely affected than those mildly by (AUC 0.8, p = 0.0003). On contrary, OPG BAFF higher compared mild cases 0.0001; AUC 0.7, 0.0012; respectively) moderate (OPG < 0.01), ( 0.05). At transcriptional level, TRAIL, elevated cases, also patients. Additionally, found APRIL, LIGHT, CD30L CD40L protein‐levels healthy donors but not significantly different between various clinical statuses. Finally, TNF‐α, TNF‐β, RANKL TWEAK protein were work identifies as therapeutic targets for preventing Due opposite contradictory (protein/transcriptional level), its role should be elucidated clarified more in‐depth studies.

Язык: Английский

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Progress in research on osteoporosis secondary to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Animal Models and Experimental Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Abstract The World Health Organization has declared that COVID‐19 no longer constitutes a “public health emergency of international concern,” yet the long‐term impact SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on bone continues to pose new challenges for global public health. In recent years, numerous animal model and clinical studies have revealed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) can lead secondary osteoporosis. mechanisms involved are related virus's direct effects tissue, dysregulation body's inflammatory response, hypoxia, noncoding RNA imbalance, metabolic abnormalities. Although these unveiled connection between osteoporosis, current research is not comprehensive in depth. Future needed evaluate density metabolism, elucidate specific pathogenesis, explore potential interventions. This review aims collate existing literature infection‐induced summarize underlying mechanisms, provide direction future research.

Язык: Английский

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Neuropsychiatric sequelae in an experimental model of post-COVID syndrome in mice

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Dietary Vitamin D Mitigates Coronavirus-Induced Lung Inflammation and Damage in Mice

Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(12), С. 2434 - 2434

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (β-CoV) betacoronavirus has posed a significant threat to global health. Despite availability of vaccines, virus continues spread, and there is need for alternative strategies alleviate its impact. Vitamin D, secosteroid hormone best known role in bone health, exhibits immunomodulatory effects certain viral infections. Here, we have shown that bioactive vitamin D (calcitriol) limits vitro replication murine coronaviruses MHV-3 MHV-A59. Comparative studies involving wild-type mice intranasally infected with MHV-3, model studying β-CoV respiratory infections, confirmed protective effect vivo. Accordingly, fed standard diet rapidly succumbed infection, whereas those on D-rich (10,000 IU

Язык: Английский

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The abortive SARS‐CoV‐2 infection of osteoclast precursors promotes their differentiation into osteoclasts

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 96(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in the loss of millions lives, although a majority those infected have managed to survive. Consequently, set outcomes, identified as long COVID, is now emerging. While primary target severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) system, impact COVID‐19 extends various body parts, including bone. This study aims investigate effects SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on osteoclastogenesis, utilizing both ancestral and Omicron viral strains. Monocyte‐derived macrophages, which serve precursors osteoclasts, were exposed variants. However, proved abortive, even though ACE2 receptor expression increased postinfection, with no significant cellular viability redox balance. Both strains heightened osteoclast formation dose‐dependent manner, well CD51/61 bone resorptive ability. Notably, induced early pro‐inflammatory M1 macrophage polarization, shifting toward an M2‐like profile. Osteoclastogenesis‐related genes (RANK, NFATc1, DC‐STAMP, MMP9) upregulated, surprisingly, variants promoted RANKL‐independent formation. thorough investigation illuminates intricate interplay between precursors, suggesting potential implications for homeostasis opening new avenues therapeutic exploration COVID‐19.

Язык: Английский

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Blockade of endothelin receptors mitigates SARS-CoV-2-induced osteoarthritis

Nature Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(10), С. 2538 - 2552

Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Serum proinflammatory cytokines, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and RANKL/OPG ratio in mild and severe COVID-19

BMC Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2024

Язык: Английский

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In-silico analysis predicts disruption of normal angiogenesis as a causative factor in osteoporosis pathogenesis

BMC Genomic Data, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2024

Angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling is critical for proper functioning and maintaining the health of bones. Any disruption in this coupling, associated with aging disease, might lead to loss bone mass. Osteoporosis (OP) a debilitating metabolic disorder that affects microarchitecture bones, gradually leading fracture. Computational analysis revealed normal angiogenesis disrupted during progression OP, especially postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). The genes OP PMOP were retrieved from DisGeNET database. Hub gene molecular pathway enrichment performed via Cytoscape plugins STRING, MCODE, CytoHubba, ClueGO web-based tool Enrichr. Twenty-eight (28) hub identified, eight which transcription factors (HIF1A, JUN, TP53, ESR1, MYC, PPARG, RUNX2 SOX9). Analysis SNPs gnomAD, I-Mutant2.0, MUpro, ConSurf COACH servers substitution F201L IL6 as most deleterious. protein was modeled SWISS-MODEL server analyzed YASARA FoldX plugin. A positive ΔΔG (1.936) mutant indicates mutated structure less stable than wild-type is. Thirteen genes, including enriched pathways found be profoundly involved angiogenesis/endothelial function immune signaling. Mechanical loading bones through weight-bearing exercises can activate osteoblasts mechanotransduction increased formation. present study suggests mechanical preventive strategy PMOP, by status maintained. This silico could used understand etiology develop novel therapeutic approaches.

Язык: Английский

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