Journal of King Saud University - Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(9), С. 103374 - 103374
Опубликована: Июль 27, 2024
Clostridium
difficile
(C.
diff.)
infection
(CDI)
is
the
major
contributor
of
nosocomial
globally.
The
current
review
aims
to
provide
a
comprehensive
understanding
mechanisms
behind
critical
role
intestinal
3Ms
(i.e.,
microbiota,
metabolome,
and
metabolism)
in
pathogenesis
prophylaxis
recurrent
CDI.
Primarily
centering
around
related
gut
microbiota-dependent
risk
factors,
we
have
discussed
why
microbial
diversity
abundance
are
determinants
risk.
Additionally,
emphasis
has
been
given
on
intestine-specific
molecular
modulation
global
metabolome
signaling
processes
which
trigger
disease
susceptibility.
Patients
with
CDI
harbor
altered
phenotype
compared
healthy
individuals
asymptomatic
careers.
Clinical
experimental
(germ-free
mice,
mono-strain
interactions,
longitudinal
trails)
evidences
indicate
that
alterations
microbiota
due
antibiotic
exposure,
advanced
age,
immunocompromised
conditions
prolonged
hospitalization
could
lead
gastrointestinal
colonization
C.
diff.
Further,
mediated
mucosal
(farnesoid
X
receptor,
aryl
hydrocarbon
conserved
nuclear
receptors,
immunological
signaling)
luminal
metabolomic
signatures
play
susceptibility
progression.
use
live
biotherapeutics
fecal
transplantation
currently
most
suitable
prophylactic
strategy
against
highlights
host-microbiota
interaction
dictates
responsible
for
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024
The
gut
microbiota
is
a
complex
and
diverse
community
of
microorganisms
that
colonizes
the
human
gastrointestinal
tract
influences
various
aspects
health.
These
microbes
are
closely
related
to
enteric
infections.
As
foreign
entity
for
host,
commensal
restricted
regulated
by
barrier
immune
system
in
contributes
homeostasis.
Commensals
also
effectively
resist
colonization
pathogens
overgrowth
indigenous
pathobionts
utilizing
variety
mechanisms,
while
have
developed
strategies
subvert
resistance.
Dysbiosis
microbial
can
lead
acts
as
pivotal
mediator
establishing
harmonious
mutualistic
symbiosis
with
host
shielding
against
pathogens.
This
review
aims
provide
comprehensive
overview
mechanisms
underlying
host-microbiome
microbiome-pathogen
interactions,
highlighting
multi-faceted
roles
preventing
We
discuss
applications
manipulating
treat
infectious
diseases
gut.
Here,
we
explored
the
vast
potential
of
microbiome-based
interventions
in
preventing
and
managing
non-communicable
diseases
including
obesity,
diabetes,
allergies,
celiac
disease,
inflammatory
bowel
diseases,
malnutrition,
cardiovascular
across
different
life
stages.
We
discuss
intricate
relationship
between
microbiome
emphasizing
on
"window
opportunity"
for
microbe–host
interactions
during
first
years
after
birth.
Specific
biotics
also
live
biotherapeutics
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
emerge
as
pivotal
tools
precision
medicine,
acknowledging
"one
size
doesn't'
fit
all"
aspect.
Challenges
implementation
underscore
need
advanced
technologies,
scientific
transparency,
public
engagement.
Future
perspectives
advocate
understanding
maternal−neonatal
microbiome,
exploring
maternal
exposome
delving
into
human
milk's
role
establishment
restoration
infant
its
influence
over
health
disease.
An
integrated
approach,
employing
multi-omics
accounting
inter-individual
variance
composition
function
appears
central
to
unleash
full
early-life
revolutionizing
healthcare.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024
Autoimmune
hepatitis
(AIH)
is
a
chronic
inflammatory
disease
of
the
liver
that
mediated
by
autoimmunity
and
has
complex
pathogenesis.
Its
prevalence
increased
globally.
Since
first
organ
to
be
exposed
harmful
substances,
such
as
gut-derived
intestinal
microbiota
its
metabolites,
gut
health
closely
related
health,
"liver-gut
axis"
allows
abnormalities
in
influence
development
liver-related
diseases
AIH.
Changes
composition
resultant
disruption
barrier
microbial
transport
are
involved
multiple
ways
immune
homeostasis
inflammation,
thereby
influencing
In
terms
mechanisms
immune,
or
which
decreased
secondary
bile
acids,
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
polyamines,
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS),
branched-chain
amino
(BCAA),
tryptophan
metabolite,
acid,
can
disrupt
activating
various
cells
immune-related
signaling
pathways,
resulting
aberrant
activation
system.
Clarifying
this
mechanism
significant
clinical
implications
for
treatment
AIH
with
drugs
target
pathways.
Therefore,
narrative
review
summarizes
progress
exploring
involvement
pathogenesis
AIH,
aim
helping
improve
precise
targeting
therapeutic
treatments
against
benefit
treatment.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(7), С. 2941 - 2941
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
Animals
and
humans
are
frequently
infected
by
bacteria
or
exposed
to
bacterial
derivatives
in
contaminated
food,
drinking
water,
air,
which
significantly
impacts
their
health.
Among
these
sources,
LPS
(lipopolysaccharide)
is
the
primary
culprit.
While
it
widely
known
that
can
cause
liver
inflammation
damage
animals,
few
studies
have
investigated
this
mechanism
from
perspective
of
RNA
editing.
In
study,
we
administered
mice
via
gavage
induce
a
injury
model.
We
then
used
editing
omics
approaches
(RE-seq)
analyze
events
potentially
leading
following
administration,
aiming
reveal
crucial
role
LPS-induced
processes.
At
level,
observed
significant
differences
between
group
control
(CON)
group.
Specifically,
identified
354
differentially
edited
genes,
with
192
upregulated
162
downregulated.
These
genes
were
enriched
pathways
related
apoptosis,
mTOR
signaling,
oxidative
stress,
Nf-Kappa
B
signaling.
By
further
integrating
gene
expression
profiles
using
nine-quadrant
analysis,
an
important
gene,
Birc3,
showed
higher
levels
This
directly
linked
damage.
The
Birc3
represents
potential
underlying
damage,
providing
novel
approach
for
addressing
animal
human
health
issues.
