Magnetic treatment as a suppressive method for CaCO3 scale deposition in hard waters in the presence of air bubbles

Desalination and Water Treatment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 318, С. 100249 - 100249

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) scale deposition in hard water is a common problem affecting the performance and efficiency of various industrial applications such as heating systems pipelines. The aim this study was to investigate effectiveness magnetic treatment suppressive method for CaCO3 presence air bubbles. A series experiments were carried out using laboratory-scale setup. different concentrations (100 mg/L, 500 mg/L 1000 mg/L) considered. samples according circulation times (10, 20 30 minutes) pumped with flow rate 50 L/h passed through region lines neodymium magnet (NdFeB-NB12) non-uniform flux density 0.2 T on inner walls 0.05 at center used. particles measured turbidity amount. results demonstrated that significantly reduced waters Turbidity changed from 0.3 NTU 0.65 concentration 100 mg/L. It 0.5 2.25 Moreover, altered 0.8 3 over time min. simultaneous fields bubbles amount increased nucleation bulk water. Aeration-based promising alternative chemical-based methods an eco-friendly approach treatment.

Язык: Английский

Decadal variation and temporal stability of the macrobenthic community in the Bohai Sea, China

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 207, С. 116904 - 116904

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский