International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(9), С. 4981 - 4981
Опубликована: Май 2, 2024
We
are
living
in
an
era
of
advanced
nanoscience
and
nanotechnology.
Numerous
nanomaterials,
culminating
nanorobots,
have
demonstrated
ingenious
applications
biomedicine,
including
breast
cancer
(BC)
nano-theranostics.
To
solve
the
complicated
problem
BC
heterogeneity,
non-targeted
drug
distribution,
invasive
diagnostics
or
surgery,
resistance
to
classic
onco-therapies
real-time
monitoring
tumors,
nanorobots
designed
perform
multiple
tasks
at
a
small
scale,
even
organelles
molecular
level.
Over
last
few
years,
most
been
bioengineered
as
biomimetic
biocompatible
nano(bio)structures,
resembling
different
organisms
cells,
such
urchin,
spider,
octopus,
fish,
spermatozoon,
flagellar
bacterium
helicoidal
cyanobacterium.
In
this
review,
readers
will
be
able
deepen
their
knowledge
structure,
behavior
role
several
types
among
other
theranostics.
summarized
here
characteristics
many
functionalized
nanodevices
counteract
main
neoplastic
hallmark
features
BC,
from
sustaining
proliferation
evading
anti-growth
signaling
resisting
programmed
cell
death
inducing
angiogenesis,
activating
invasion
metastasis,
preventing
genomic
instability,
avoiding
immune
destruction
deregulating
autophagy.
Most
these
function
targeted
self-propelled
smart
nano-carriers
nano-drug
delivery
systems
(nano-DDSs),
enhancing
efficiency
safety
chemo-,
radio-
photodynamic
therapy,
current
imagistic
techniques
used
diagnosis.
tested
vitro,
using
various
lines,
well
vivo,
mainly
based
on
mice
models.
still
waiting
for
that
low-cost,
wider
transition
favorable
effects
laboratory
clinical
practice.
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(16), С. 6389 - 6399
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2024
We
report
an
innovative
Lego-microfluidic
technology
for
room
temperature
synthesis
of
highly
monodispersed
bifunctional
microcapsules
enclosing
phase
change
material
(PCM),
exhibiting
magnetic
and
thermal
energy
storage
properties.
Iron(II,
III)
oxide
(Fe3O4)
nanoparticle-embedded
encapsulating
hexadecane
(HD)
are
synthesized
without
external
heating
or
cooling
in
just
∼80
s.
The
process
involves
forming
oil-in-oil-in-water
(O/O/W)
double
emulsion
droplets
with
Norland
Optical
Adhesive
(NOA)
photopolymeric
shell
consolidating
them
through
on-the-fly
polymerization
using
thiol–ene
"click"
chemistry.
PCM
content
properties
were
accurately
manipulated
by
adjusting
inner
(PCM)
flow
rate
mass
fraction
Fe3O4
nanoparticles
the
middle
(polymer)
phase.
Microcapsules
a
thickness
17.1
μm
achieved
maximum
63.3%.
Thermogravimetric
analysis
(TGA)
revealed
significantly
enhanced
stability
compared
to
pure
PCM.
Vibrating
sample
magnetometry
(VSM)
verified
increase
saturation
magnetization
residual
microcapsules,
having
higher
nanoparticle
content.
Notably,
containing
1%
exhibited
excellent
properties,
showcasing
0.194
emu/g.
Concurrently,
demonstrated
high
responsiveness
maneuverability.
Macromolecular Bioscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 11, 2024
Abstract
The
targeted
delivery
of
drugs
using
wireless
navigable
magnetic
robots
allows
the
drug
molecules
to
be
controlled
non
only
in
time
but
also
space,
improving
medical
outcomes.
main
disadvantages
behind
their
use
lies
low
amount
that
can
transported
and
single
nature
loaded
(hydrophilic
or
hydrophobic).
These
considerations
limit
co‐delivery
systems,
now
recognized
very
promising
for
many
different
pathologies.
A
bijel‐like
structure
is
developed
load
release
types
In
this
work,
ε‐caprolactone
explored,
which
polymerize,
forming
hydrophobic
domains
(oil
phase).
After
mixing
with
iron
oxide
nanoparticles
(NPs),
water
dispersion
creates
a
biphasic
porous
without
phase
separation.
resulting
device
shows
good
performance
both
actuation
as
system.
Individual
differences
in
size,
experience,
and
task
specialization
natural
swarms
often
result
heterogeneity
hierarchy,
facilitating
efficient
coordinated
accomplishment.
Drawing
inspiration
from
this
phenomenon,
a
general
strategy
is
proposed
for
organizing
magnetic
micro/nanorobots
(MNRs)
with
apparent
shape,
properties
into
cohesive
microswarms
tunable
heterogeneity,
controlled
spatial
collaborative
tasking
capability.
In
strategy,
disparate
MNRs
can
be
manipulated
to
show
reversible
transitions
between
synchronization
desynchronization
by
elaborately
regulating
parameter
sets
of
the
rotating
field.
Utilizing
these
transitions,
alongside
local
robust
hydrodynamic
interactions,
diverse
heterospecific
pairings
organized
heterogeneous
microswarms,
their
organization
dynamically
adjusted
egalitarian
leader-follower-like
hierarchies
on
fly,
both
open
space
complex
microchannels.
Furthermore,
when
specializing
distinct
functions
("division
labor")
such
as
sensing
drug
carrying,
they
execute
precise
delivery
targeting
unknown
sites
sensing-navigating-cargo
dropping
sequence,
demonstrating
significant
potential
tumor
treatment.
These
findings
highlight
critical
roles
attribute
hierarchical
designing
swarming
biomedical
applications.
This
review
highlights
recent
technological
advances
for
progress
in
particle
manipulation
under
X-force
fields,
and
forecasts
the
trajectory
of
future
developments.
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025
Abstract
Efficient
drug
delivery
remains
a
significant
challenge
in
modern
medicine
and
pharmaceutical
research.
Micrometer‐scale
robots
have
recently
emerged
as
promising
solution
to
enhance
the
precision
of
administration
through
remotely
controlled
navigation
within
microvascular
networks.
Real‐time
tracking
is
crucial
for
accurate
guidance
confirmation
target
arrival.
However,
deep‐tissue
monitoring
microscopic
structures
vivo
limited
by
sensitivity
spatiotemporal
resolution
current
bioimaging
techniques.
In
this
study,
biocompatible
microrobots
are
synthesized
incorporating
indocyanine
green
iron
oxide
nanoparticles
onto
copper
phosphate
microflowers
using
layer‐by‐layer
approach,
enhancing
optoacoustic
contrast
enabling
magnetic
navigation.
Magnetic
control
these
particles
under
demonstrated
vivo.
Furthermore,
super‐resolution
imaging,
achieved
individual
particle
tracking,
shown
enable
characterization
quantification
blood
flow.
The
combination
microflowers'
high
carrying
capacity,
actuation,
high‐resolution
capabilities
opens
new
opportunities
precise
targeting
localized
theranostic
agents
via
intravascular
routes.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Achieving
large-scale
and
facile
manufacturing
for
diverse
small-scale
robots
is
critical
in
the
field
of
robots.
At
present,
conventional
methods
have
limitations
terms
efficiency,
environmental
friendliness,
operability.
In
particular,
it
difficult
to
facilely
process
multiform
through
a
single
processing
technology
only.
this
work,
with
introduction
an
asymmetric
laser,
multiforms
graphene,
including
powders,
helical,
sheet,
were
successfully
fabricated
by
simply
adjusting
laser
parameters
This
allowed
development
graphene-based
capable
being
actuated
various
water
depths,
underwater
swarm,
suspended
floated
sheet
Importantly,
such
can
move
smoothly
trajectories
under
magnetic
fields,
simple
geometrical
shapes
complicated
words,
demonstrating
good
maneuverability.
Moreover,
method
enables
efficient
production
different
sizes,
from
5
48
units,
within
1
min.
The
proposed
possible
provide
new
means
high-performance
at
high
throughput.
Small‐scale
actuators
capable
of
performing
multiple
tasks
are
crucial
for
the
advancement
microfluidic
technologies.
These
enable
high‐throughput
operations
and
support
integrated
solutions
across
a
wide
range
applications.
In
this
study,
multipurpose
magnetic
microactuator
(MMA)
is
developed
with
two
pairs
arms
controlled
externally
through
custom‐built
electromagnetic
system.
To
enhance
navigational
precision,
circular
sections
named
“mobility
components”
into
MMA's
design.
The
multitasking
capability
MMA
demonstrated
distinct
applications,
including
particle
manipulation,
microassembly,
micromixing,
flow
conveyance.
to
grasp
total
eight
particles
from
different
locations
in
single
cycle
within
46
s.
During
assembly
process,
2D
planar
micro‐objects
sequentially
loaded,
transported,
assembled
designated
unit.
For
fluid
control,
motions
observed
mixing
performance
an
efficiency
65%
20
addition,
dye
conveyance
reach
85%
distances
10
mm
30
results
demonstrate
capacity
synergistic
increased
throughput,
establishing
it
as
foundation
future
actuators.
