Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastic Exposure on Macrophages: A Review of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms DOI
Parisa Ahmadi, David Doyle, Negin Mojarad

и другие.

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 40

Опубликована: Май 5, 2025

Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), pervasive environmental pollutants, contaminate water, soil, air, the food chain ultimately accumulate in living organisms. Macrophages are main immune cells that gather around MNPs engulf them through process of phagocytosis. This internalization triggers M1 polarization secretion inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, IL-18, IL-12, TNF-α, IFN-γ. Furthermore, damage mitochondria lysosomes, causing overactivation iNOS excessive production ROS. results cellular stress induce apoptosis, necroptosis, and, some cases, metosis macrophages. The also increases expression receptors, involving CD36, SR-A, LOX-1, macrophage receptor with a collagenous structure (MARCO) while decreasing ABCA-1 ABCG-1. adipose tissue macrophages trigger proinflammatory cytokine secretion, adipogenesis, lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, cytokines adipocytes. Various factors influence rate MNP by macrophages, size, charge, concentration, which affect passive diffusion. Receptor-mediated phagocytosis occurs directly via receptors like T-cell immunoglobulin mucin domain containing 4 (TIM-4) MARCO. attachment biomolecules, proteins, antibodies, opsonins, or microbes to (forming corona structures) promotes indirect receptor-mediated endocytosis, as possess TLRs FcγRIII. cause gut dysbiosis, risk factor for microenvironment polarization. Here, we review mechanisms consequences exposure, is linked autoimmunity, inflammation, cardiometabolic syndrome manifestations, atherosclerosis obesity, highlighting immunotoxicity MNPs.

Язык: Английский

The Impacts of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus rhamnosus to Promote In Vitro Anti‐Inflammatory Profile of RA‐Macrophages DOI Creative Commons
Parisa Ahmadi, Mahmoud Mahmoudi, Houshang Rafatpanah

и другие.

Food Science & Nutrition, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent and debilitating autoimmune disease. Numerous studies have demonstrated promising results regarding the use of probiotics as therapeutic approach to alleviate RA symptoms. This study isolated monocytes from PBMCs patients healthy donors. These were then differentiated into macrophages divided five groups: untreated, LPS‐treated, L. delbrueckii (Del)‐treated, rhamnosus (Ram)‐treated, mixed treatment group. Three macrophage subpopulations—M0, M1, M2—were identified in all groups, with variations observed population percentages each subpopulation expression levels CD14, CD80, HLA‐DR. Flow cytometry indicated that, compared untreated LPS‐treated probiotic bacteria (Del, Ram, Mix) stimulated polarization toward M2 phenotype while suppressing percentage M1 population. Additionally, Pathogen‐Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) phagocytosis‐inducing receptor, was significantly reduced probiotic‐treated groups. Probiotic also profoundly influenced antigen presentation by ligand for CD28 co‐stimulatory marker on T cells, HLA‐DR, which presents antigens cell receptors Th4 cells. Interestingly, quantitative real‐time PCR that increased IL‐10 TGF‐β, both anti‐inflammatory cytokines, decreasing inflammatory including IL‐12, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, controls patients. It seems these may regulatory effect macrophages, affecting their polarization, patterns, phagocytosis, cytokine secretion profiles. suggests prophylactic effects RA.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastic Exposure on Macrophages: A Review of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms DOI
Parisa Ahmadi, David Doyle, Negin Mojarad

и другие.

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 40

Опубликована: Май 5, 2025

Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), pervasive environmental pollutants, contaminate water, soil, air, the food chain ultimately accumulate in living organisms. Macrophages are main immune cells that gather around MNPs engulf them through process of phagocytosis. This internalization triggers M1 polarization secretion inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, IL-18, IL-12, TNF-α, IFN-γ. Furthermore, damage mitochondria lysosomes, causing overactivation iNOS excessive production ROS. results cellular stress induce apoptosis, necroptosis, and, some cases, metosis macrophages. The also increases expression receptors, involving CD36, SR-A, LOX-1, macrophage receptor with a collagenous structure (MARCO) while decreasing ABCA-1 ABCG-1. adipose tissue macrophages trigger proinflammatory cytokine secretion, adipogenesis, lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, cytokines adipocytes. Various factors influence rate MNP by macrophages, size, charge, concentration, which affect passive diffusion. Receptor-mediated phagocytosis occurs directly via receptors like T-cell immunoglobulin mucin domain containing 4 (TIM-4) MARCO. attachment biomolecules, proteins, antibodies, opsonins, or microbes to (forming corona structures) promotes indirect receptor-mediated endocytosis, as possess TLRs FcγRIII. cause gut dysbiosis, risk factor for microenvironment polarization. Here, we review mechanisms consequences exposure, is linked autoimmunity, inflammation, cardiometabolic syndrome manifestations, atherosclerosis obesity, highlighting immunotoxicity MNPs.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0