Psychedelics and Suicide-Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 1416 - 1416

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025

Background/Objectives: Suicide accounts for 1.4% of global deaths, and the slow-acting nature traditional treatments suicide risk underscores need alternatives. Psychedelic therapies may rapidly reduce risk. This systematic review evaluates impact psychedelic on suicide-related outcomes. Methods: A search MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted up to November 2024. Results: Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated suicidality as a secondary outcome or safety measure, showing significant reductions in suicidal ideation with psilocybin (three studies) MDMA-assisted therapy (MDMA-AT; one study). Effect sizes, measured by Cohen’s d, ranged from =0.52 1.25 (p = 0.01 0.005), no issues reported. Five additional RCTs assessed (two MDMA-AT studies; p 0.02 0.04). Among 24 non-randomized cross-sectional studies, results were mixed. Psilocybin reduced ideation, odds ratios (OR) 0.40–0.75. (five studies PTSD patients) had pooled effect size d 0.61 (95% CI: 0.32–0.89). LSD (six showed increased suicidality, ranging 1.15 2.08. Studies involving DMT multiple psychedelics mixed results, not effects varying outcomes, some reporting others change. Conclusions: The outcomes remains inconclusive, highlighting further clarify therapeutic mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring Serotonergic Psychedelics as a Treatment for Personality Disorders

Neuropharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 110413 - 110413

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Psychedelic Drugs in Mental Disorders: Current Clinical Scope and Deep Learning‐Based Advanced Perspectives

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Mental disorders are a representative type of brain disorder, including anxiety, major depressive depression (MDD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), that caused by multiple etiologies, genetic heterogeneity, epigenetic dysregulation, aberrant morphological biochemical conditions. Psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have been renewed fascinating treatment options gradually demonstrated potential therapeutic effects in mental disorders. However, the multifaceted conditions psychiatric resulting from individuality, complex interplay, intricate neural circuits impact systemic pharmacology psychedelics, which disturbs integration mechanisms may result dissimilar medicinal efficiency. The precise prescription psychedelic remains unclear, advanced approaches needed to optimize drug development. Here, recent studies demonstrating diverse pharmacological psychedelics reviewed, emerging perspectives on structural function, microbiota-gut-brain axis, transcriptome discussed. Moreover, applicability deep learning is highlighted for development basis big data. These provide insight into interindividual factors enhance discovery precision medicine.

Язык: Английский

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Pharmacokinetics of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(4), С. 411 - 411

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

Background: Psilocybin has shown promise in therapeutic applications for mental disorders. Understanding the pharmacokinetics of psilocybin and its active metabolite psilocin is crucial optimizing clinical use minimizing adverse effects. Methods: This systematic review involved a comprehensive search across MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Embase databases, from inception to December 2024, identifying original studies that investigated psilocybin. Results: Fourteen met inclusion criteria: eight laboratory-based six studies. Laboratory used animal models or vitro systems, while included 112 healthy human participants. rapidly dephosphorylated psilocin, which absorbed with Tmax values ranging 1.8 4 h following oral administration. Cmax varied dose-dependently, 8.2 ± 2.8 ng/mL (plasma) 871 (urine). One study reported bioavailability at 52.7 20%. The volume distribution was extensive, 277 92 L 1016 L, suggesting significant tissue distribution. Psilocin metabolism primarily mediated by CYP2D6 CYP3A4, secondary contributions monoamine oxidase A. It undergoes further hepatic biotransformation into 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid 4-hydroxytryptophol. Elimination half-life studies, 1.5 h. Conclusions: demonstrate variability based on dosage, route, species. CYP enzymes play critical role metabolism, highlighting potential drug–drug interactions. These findings underscore importance research elucidate psilocybin’s pharmacokinetic profile, assessed vivo psilocin.

Язык: Английский

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Comparing Antidepressant Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy in Individuals That Were Unmedicated at Initial Screening Versus Individuals Discontinuing Medications for Study Participation: Comparaison des effets antidépresseurs de la psychothérapie assistée par la psilocybine (PAP) chez les personnes non médicamentées à la sélection initiale et les personnes ayant arrêté les médicaments pour participer à l’étude

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

Objective To compare changes in depression, anxiety, and suicidality symptoms after a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin between treatment-resistant depression participants not on antidepressants at screening to that discontinued antidepressant medications leading up receiving psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP). Methods Participants (n = 27) received least one accompanied by as part an exploratory analysis from open-label, randomized, waitlist-controlled clinical trial. The primary outcome was measured the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Secondary outcomes included anxiety symptom severity (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item [GAD-7]), suicidal ideation (MADRS Item-10), self-reported (Quick Inventory for Symptomology [QIDS-SR]), intensity psychedelic experience (Mystical Experience Questionnaire 30-item [MEQ30]). Patients were separated into two groups analysis; those who unmedicated initial versus had taper off be eligible A mixed variance used evaluate over time baseline 2 months post-dose. Results No significant differences found medication 18) (UAS) 9) clinician rated (p 0.759), 0.215), 0.178), 0.882) time, with both having clinically benefits all assessed. Both also similar 0.191). Conclusion Comparable improvements observed UAS patients. These findings contrast contribute growing literature effects tapering PAP. Further research is needed directly efficacy across statuses, addition evaluating individuals continuing during

Язык: Английский

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Psychedelics for Depression: Between Hopes and Uncertainties

FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(2), С. 206 - 207

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Regulatory Alignment of Psilocybin Clinical Trials in Major Depressive Disorder on ClinicalTrials.gov: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Pharmacopsychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025

Abstract Regulatory compliance is crucial in the clinical development of psychedelic substances, including psilocybin. This study aimed to examine alignment trial protocols for psilocybin treatment major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) with established regulatory requirements. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted on ClinicalTrials.gov using keywords: “Psilocybin” “Psilocin” identify interventional studies posted protocols. Only MDD TRD were included. Data extraction focused key aspects, safety, functional unblinding, expectancy bias, distribution investigational medical products. Eleven identified, four meeting inclusion criteria. The most commonly studied dose 25 mg. Two trials double-blind. Although analyzed superficially adhered requirements, there gaps addressing potential drug interactions, acute chronic concurrent use antidepressants, prohibited medications. Certain such as unblinding or did not share all pathways. Risk mitigation strategies primarily based external Patients bipolar spectrum disorders schizoaffective excluded. underscores importance conducting psychedelics strict adherence standards. Future research should focus improving exploring efficacy broader patient populations.

Язык: Английский

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Neurobiology of the Antidepressant Effects of Serotonergic Psychedelics: A Narrative Review

Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(2), С. 90 - 105

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The Effect of Psychedelics on Individuals with a Personality Disorder: Results from two Prospective Cohort Studies

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024

Background: Personality disorders (PDs) are characterized by impairments in psychological functioning for which pharmacologic treatments have demonstrated limited efficacy. Psychedelics may offer a potential PD treatment, given support their enduring positive effects on functioning. However, little is known about the safety or therapeutic of psychedelics among individuals with PD. Therefore, we examined psychedelic use mental health Methods: Study 1 included three prospective observational studies where 21 diagnosis completed measures (depressive symptoms, anxiety, and suicidal ideation [SI]) before, 2 weeks (except SI), 4 after use. was study 55 (anxiety, depressive cognitive flexibility, expressive suppression, reappraisal) 2-4 weeks, 2-3 months Results: In 1, elevations SI were rare (6.67%) no to high risk behavior post-psychedelic All participants baseline at low-risk reduced (Hedges’ g=0.52). There several cases increased anxiety (Study 1: 13.6%-25.0%; 2: 16.3%-11.5%) clinically significant worsening depression symptoms 14.3%-14.2%; 10.0%-8.0%). Across both studies, associated reductions g=-.46–-.57; g=-.52–-.89) g=-.54–-0.59; r_s= .52–.57) . 2, there transient increases flexibility (g=.26) sustained reappraisal up (g=.36). Increases (r=.33) (r_s=.37). Conclusion: For PD, improvements severity. The small sample size, self-reported data, lack differentiation between PDs. Further research should explore

Язык: Английский

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Bipolar disorders: an update on critical aspects

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 48, С. 101135 - 101135

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

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