Extracellular vesicles in malaria: proteomics insights, in vitro and in vivo studies indicate the need for transitioning to natural human infections
mBio,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025
ABSTRACT
Globally,
an
estimated
2.1
billion
malaria
cases
and
11.7
million
deaths
were
averted
in
the
period
2000–2022.
Noticeably,
despite
effective
control
measurements,
2022
there
249
85
malaria-endemic
countries
increase
of
5
compared
with
2021.
Further
understanding
biology,
epidemiology,
pathogenesis
human
is
therefore
essential
for
achieving
elimination.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
membrane-enclosed
nanoparticles
pivotal
intercellular
communication
secreted
by
all
cell
types.
Here,
we
will
review
what
currently
known
about
EVs
malaria,
from
biogenesis
cargo
to
molecular
insights
pathophysiology.
Of
relevance,
a
meta-analysis
proteomics
cargo,
comparisons
between
vitro
vivo
studies
revealed
striking
differences
those
few
reported
patients.
Thus,
indicating
need
rigor
standardization
methodologies
transitioning
infections
elucidate
their
physiological
role.
We
conclude
focus
on
translational
aspects
diagnosis
vaccine
development
highlight
key
gaps
knowledge
research.
Язык: Английский
Characterizing extracellular vesicles of human fungal pathogens
Nature Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 27, 2025
Язык: Английский
Circulating extracellular vesicles in sera of chronic patients as a method for determining active parasitism in Chagas disease
PLoS neglected tropical diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18(11), С. e0012356 - e0012356
Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2024
Background
Chagas
disease,
once
restricted
mainly
to
the
Americas,
disease
has
become
a
global
health
problem
due
migration
from
endemic
non-endemic
areas.
In
regions,
transmission
is
limited
vertical
infected
mothers
newborns
or
through
blood
and
organ
donations.
A
major
challenge
in
management
of
lies
diagnosis
chronic
cases,
as
blood-borne
parasites
are
often
absent
antibodies
persist
for
life,
complicating
evaluation
treatment.
Methodology
main
findings
This
study
investigates
whether
detection
circulating
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
their
immunocomplexes
with
host
IgGs
serum
patients
could
serve
diagnostic
tools
biomarkers
active
presence
parasite.
method
may
prove
valuable
cases
where
parasitaemia
other
tests
inconclusive,
especially
assessing
treatment
efficacy
confirming
mother-to-child
transmission.
Together
exovesicle
purification
by
ultracentrifugation,
which
‘gold
standard’,
an
affordable
simplified
isolation
EVs
was
tested
use
less
well-equipped
laboratories.
EV
performed
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay
(ELISA)
targeting
Trypanosoma
cruzi
antigens.
Positive
results
were
demonstrated
Bolivian
Spain,
covering
asymptomatic
symptomatic
(cardiac,
gastrointestinal
both).
The
also
examined
newborns.
These
further
confirmed
Panamanian
inconclusive
results.
Moreover,
IgG
isotypes
that
formed
parasite
exovsicles
identified,
IgG2
IgG4
being
predominant.
Conclusions
Our
confirm
usefulness
markers
metabolically
T.
infections
without
detectable
parasitaemia,
well
tests.
Язык: Английский
Evaluation of Exosomal Proteins as Potential Biomarkers from RBC Stages of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7
ACS Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024
Falciparum
malaria
relies
extensively
on
cell-to-cell
communication,
and
earlier
research
the
function
of
exosomal
proteins
derived
from
infected
red
blood
cells
(iRBCs)
has
been
classified
into
numerous
important
roles.
In
this
study,
exosomes
were
Pf3D7-iRBCs
cultured
in
vitro
during
synchronized
trophozoite
stages.
The
isolated
assessed
using
NTA,
FE-SEM,
flow
cytometry.
Our
study
reported
heterogeneous
populations
infection.
Additionally,
label-free
quantification
based
LC/MS-MS
for
protein
profiling
revealed
presence
both
parasitic
host
(RBC)
proteins;
out
a
total
124
detected,
20
Pf3D7
80
RBC
identified.
Exosomal
expression
is
different
cRBCs-Exo
iRBCs-Exo,
which
shows
how
parasite
RBCs
interact
with
each
other.
Functional
classification
that
majority
these
are
uncharacterized
unknown
functions,
few
involved
biological
processes
such
as
regulation
complement
activation,
response
to
external
stimuli,
immune
system-mediated
signaling
pathway,
processing,
etc.
Hence,
studying
comparing
them
previous
helped
us
understand
help
communicate
malaria.
It
may
also
reveal
new
potential
biomarkers
diagnostic
methods
or
therapies
Язык: Английский