Abstract
Young
children
are
attracted
to
flavored
foods
with
enhancers,
particularly
monosodium
glutamate
(MSG).
Experimental
studies
have
proven
that
MSG
can
alter
the
hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal
(HPA)
axis
response
in
neonates.
We,
therefore,
investigated
modulation
of
microRNAs
(miRNAs)
by
dietary
and
its
association
stimulation
HPA
inflammatory
young
male
rats.
One-month-old
rats
were
fed
chow
enriched
(3
g/kg)
for
16
weeks.
Feeding
markedly
up-regulated
hypothalamic
miR-218,
Toll-like
receptors-4,
nuclear
factor-kB
but
down-regulated
miR-155
glucocorticoid
receptors
(GR).
In
addition,
it
triggered
a
remarkable
elevation
adrenocortical
lipid
peroxidation
depletion
antioxidants.
These
changes
coupled
increased
plasma
levels
hormones,
comprising
corticotropin-releasing
hormone,
adrenocorticotropic
corticosterone
levels,
serum
pro-inflammatory
cytokines.
Taken
together,
current
findings
indicated
caused
an
activation
axis,
down-regulation
GRs,
systemic
response.
disturbances
associated
modulating
miRNAs,
encompassing
miR-218
155.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
108(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024
Abstract
The
increasing
prevalence
of
multidrug-resistant
pathogens
is
a
critical
public
health
issue,
necessitating
the
development
alternative
antibacterial
agents.
Examples
these
are
methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus
aureus
(MRSA)
and
emergence
“pan-resistant”
Gram-negative
strains,
such
as
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
Acinetobacter
baumannii
,
which
occurred
more
recently.
This
review
examines
various
emerging
materials
with
significant
activities.
Among
nanomaterials
quantum
dots,
carbon
metal–organic
frameworks
(MOFs),
covalent
organic
(COFs),
layered
double
hydroxides,
all
demonstrate
excellent
properties.
Interestingly,
including
agents
within
structure
can
help
avoid
bacterial
resistance
improve
long-term
efficacy
materials.
Additionally,
potential
liquid
solvents,
ionic
liquids
both
deep
eutectic
solvents
natural
explored.
discusses
synthesis
methods,
advantages,
new
By
providing
comprehensive
overview
innovative
materials,
this
aims
to
contribute
ongoing
search
for
effective
solutions
combat
antibiotic
resistance.
Key
studies
demonstrating
effects
against
like
Escherichia
coli
strains
summarized.
MOFs
have
exhibited
properties
through
controlled
ion
release
surface
interactions.
COFs
enhanced
encapsulated
antibiotics
displayed
intrinsic
activity.
Other
nanomaterials,
generated
reactive
oxygen
species,
leading
microbial
inactivation.
provide
insights
into
classes
highlight
them
addressing
global
crisis
points
•
Nanomaterials
show
strong
drug-resistant
bacteria
Emerging
offer
novel
enhance
efficacy,
showing
promise
in
combating
ABSTRACT
Capillary
electrophoresis
(CE)
is
a
powerful
analysis
technique
with
advantages
such
as
high
separation
efficiency
resolution
factors
above
1.5,
low
sample
consumption
of
less
than
10
µL,
cost‐effectiveness,
and
eco‐friendliness
reduced
solvent
use
lower
operational
costs.
However,
CE
also
faces
limitations,
including
limited
detection
sensitivity
for
low‐concentration
samples
interference
from
complex
biological
matrices.
Prior
to
performing
CE,
it
common
utilize
preparation
procedures
solid‐phase
microextraction
(SPME)
liquid‐phase
(LPME)
in
order
improve
the
selectivity
analysis.
Recently,
there
have
been
advancements
development
novel
materials
that
potential
greatly
enhance
performance
SPME
LPME.
This
review
examines
various
their
uses
when
combined
CE.
These
include
carbon
nanotubes,
covalent
organic
frameworks,
metal–organic
graphene
its
derivatives,
molecularly
imprinted
polymers,
layered
double
hydroxides,
ionic
liquids,
deep
eutectic
solvents.
The
utilization
these
innovative
extraction
methods
being
examined.
Analyte
recoveries
limits
attained
range
matrices
are
used
assess
effects
on
selectivity,
sensitivity,
efficiency.
Exploring
new
techniques
important
enables
researchers
address
current
limitations
has
efficiency,
thereby
improving
