Stress and Psychiatric Disorders: The Role of Mitochondria

Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 16(1), С. 165 - 186

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2020

In seeking to understand mental health and disease, it is fundamental identify the biological substrates that draw together experiences physiological processes underlie observed psychological changes. Mitochondria are subcellular organelles best known for their central role in energetics, producing adenosine triphosphate power most cellular processes. Converging lines of evidence indicate mitochondria play a key embedding adversity. Preclinical research documents effects stress exposure on mitochondrial structure function, recent human suggests alterations constituting recalibrations, both adaptive nonadaptive. Current dynamic relationships among exposure, neuroendocrine signaling, inflammation, function. These complex implicated disease risk, elucidation may inform prevention treatment stress- trauma-related disorders. We review evaluate dysfunction as consequence contributing factor psychiatric disease.

Язык: Английский

---

Accelerating research on biological aging and mental health: Current challenges and future directions

Psychoneuroendocrinology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 106, С. 293 - 311

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2019

Язык: Английский

---

Psychological stress during childhood and adolescence and its association with inflammation across the lifespan: A critical review and meta-analysis.

Psychological Bulletin, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 148(1-2), С. 27 - 66

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Psychological stress during childhood and adolescence increases risk of health problems across the lifecourse, inflammation is implicated as an underlying mechanism. To evaluate viability this hypothesis, we used meta-analysis to quantify association between childhood/adolescent over lifecourse. Furthermore, addressed three unresolved conceptual questions: (a) Does strength change lifecourse? (b) Are different types stressors differentially associated with inflammation? (c) And which components inflammatory response are involved? A systematic search identified 187 articles reporting 922 associations. Meta-analyses were conducted using a three-level multilevel approach controlled for study quality, conversion confidence, whether effect sizes unadjusted or adjusted (

Язык: Английский

---

Antioxidant Biomolecules and Their Potential for the Treatment of Difficult-to-Treat Depression and Conventional Treatment-Resistant Depression

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(3), С. 540 - 540

Опубликована: Март 11, 2022

Major depression is a devastating disease affecting an increasing number of people from young age worldwide, situation that expected to be worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. New approaches for treatment this are urgently needed since available treatments not effective all patients, take long time produce effect, and well-tolerated in many cases; moreover, they safe patients. There solid evidence showing antioxidant capacity lower oxidative damage higher brains depressed patients as compared with healthy controls. Mitochondrial disfunction associated other neuropsychiatric disorders, dysfunction can important source damage. Additionally, neuroinflammation commonly present brain depressive highly contributes generation reactive oxygen species (ROS). pro-inflammatory diets increase risk; on contrary, anti-inflammatory diet such Mediterranean decrease it. Therefore, it interesting evaluate possible role plant-derived antioxidants prevention well biomolecules high potential molecules paracrinely secreted mesenchymal stem cells. In review, we evaluated preclinical clinical effects different antidepressants, focus difficult-to-treat conventional treatment-resistant depression.

Язык: Английский

---

Psychological and biological mechanisms linking trauma with cardiovascular disease risk

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2023

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, experiences psychological trauma have been associated with subsequent CVD onset. Identifying key pathways connecting has potential to inform more targeted screening intervention efforts offset elevated cardiovascular risk. In this narrative review, we summarize evidence for biological mechanisms linking Additionally, describe various methodologies measuring these in an effort future research related pathways. With regard involving posttraumatic psychopathology, vast majority on distress after focused stress disorder (PTSD), even though psychopathology can manifest other ways as well. Substantial suggests that PTSD predicts onset a range outcomes trauma-exposed men women, yet needed better understand comprehensively how it may relate CVD. Further, dysregulation numerous systems occur presence psychopathology; processes immune system inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, renin-angiotensin dysregulation, accelerated aging all contribute risk, although context traumatic needed. Given many are closely intertwined, using biology approach prove fruitful elucidating unfold trauma.

Язык: Английский

---

Psychosocial experiences are associated with human brain mitochondrial biology

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(27)

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2024

Psychosocial experiences affect brain health and aging trajectories, but the molecular pathways underlying these associations remain unclear. Normal function relies on energy transformation by mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). Two main lines of evidence position both as targets drivers psychosocial experiences. On one hand, chronic stress exposure mood states may alter multiple aspects mitochondrial biology; other functional variations in OxPhos capacity social behavior, reactivity, mood. But are exposures subjective linked to biology human brain? By combining longitudinal antemortem assessments factors with postmortem (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) proteomics older adults, we find that higher well-being is greater abundance machinery, whereas negative lower protein content. Combined, positive explained 18 25% variance complex I, primary biochemical entry point energizes mitochondria. Moreover, interrogating psychobiological specific neuronal nonneuronal cells single-nucleus RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed strong cell-type-specific for glia opposite neurons. As a result, “mind-mitochondria” were masked bulk RNA-seq, highlighting likely underestimation true effect sizes tissues. Thus, self-reported phenotypes.

Язык: Английский

---

Metabolomic analysis of male combat veterans with post traumatic stress disorder

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 14(3), С. e0213839 - e0213839

Опубликована: Март 18, 2019

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with impaired major domains of psychology and behavior. Individuals PTSD also have increased co-morbidity several serious medical conditions, including autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, raising the possibility that systemic pathology might be identified by metabolomic analysis blood. We sought to identify metabolites are altered in male combat veterans PTSD. In this case-control study, we compared profiles from age-matched trauma-exposed Iraq Afghanistan conflicts (n = 52) without 51) ('Discovery group'). An additional group 31 PTSD-positive PTSD-negative combat-exposed was used for validation these findings ('Test Plasma metabolite were measured all subjects using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. key differences between controls pathways related glycolysis fatty acid uptake metabolism initial 'Discovery group', consistent mitochondrial alterations or dysfunction, which confirmed 'Test group'. Other urea cycle amino different 'Discovery' but not smaller 'Test' group. These metabolic explained comorbid depression, body index, blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, smoking, use analgesics, antidepressants, statins, anti-inflammatories. data show replicable, wide-ranging changes profile males PTSD, a suggestion may contribute behavioral somatic phenotypes disease.

Язык: Английский

---

Stress and glucocorticoid receptor regulation of mitochondrial gene expression

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 62(2), С. R121 - R128

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2018

Glucocorticoids have long been recognized for their role in regulating the availability of energetic resources, particularly during stress. Furthermore, bidirectional connections between glucocorticoids and physiology function mitochondria discovered over years. However, precise mechanisms by which act on only recently explored. appear to regulate mitochondrial transcription via activation glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) with elevated circulating levels following While several mechanistic questions remain, GR other nuclear factors capacity substantially alter transcript abundance. The regulation transcripts stress will likely prove functionally relevant many stress-sensitive tissues including brain.

Язык: Английский

---

Old Friends, immunoregulation, and stress resilience

Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 471(2), С. 237 - 269

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2018

There is a considerable body of evidence indicating that chronic adverse experience, especially psychosocial stress/trauma, represents major risk factor for the development many somatic and affective disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, mechanisms underlying stress-associated disorders are still in large part unknown, current treatment prevention strategies lack efficacy reliability. A greater understanding involved persistence stress-induced may lead to novel approaches these disorders. In this review, we provide increases immune (re-)activity inflammation, potentially promoted by reduced exposure immunoregulatory microorganisms ("Old Friends") today's modern society, be causal factors mediating vulnerability stress-related pathologies. Moreover, discuss increase processes attenuate as instance contact with Old Friends, which appears promising strategy promote resilience prevent/treat

Язык: Английский

---

Socioeconomic Deprivation, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Medical Disorders in Adulthood: Mechanisms and Associations

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 56(8), С. 5866 - 5890

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2019

Severe socioeconomic deprivation (SED) and adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are significantly associated with the development in adulthood of (i) enhanced inflammatory status and/or hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction (ii) neurological, neuroprogressive, autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms by which these associations take place detailed. two sets consequences themselves strongly associated, first set likely contributing to second. Mechanisms enabling bidirectional communication between immune system brain described, including complex signalling pathways facilitated factors at level cells. Also detailed underpinning association SED, ACE genesis peripheral inflammation, epigenetic changes system-related gene expression. duration magnitude responses can be influenced genetic factors, single nucleotide polymorphisms, whereby pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, nitrogen species nuclear factor-κB affect DNA methylation histone acetylation also induce several microRNAs miR-155, miR-181b-1 miR-146a. Adult HPA activity is regulated such as glucocorticoid receptor polymorphisms; affecting function or expression, alternative promoter regions NR3C1 FKBP5 HSD11β2; (iii) chronic inflammation nitrosative oxidative stress. Finally, it shown how severe psychological stress adversely affects mitochondrial structure functioning copy number transcription; mitochondria act couriers into adulthood.

Язык: Английский

---