Macrophage autophagy in macrophage polarization, chronic inflammation and organ fibrosis

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2022

As the essential regulators of organ fibrosis, macrophages undergo marked phenotypic and functional changes after injury. These in macrophage phenotype function can result maladaptive repair, causing chronic inflammation development pathological fibrosis. Autophagy, a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, is one major players to maintain homeostasis through clearing protein aggregates, damaged organelles, invading pathogens. Emerging evidence has shown that autophagy plays an role polarization, inflammation, Because high heterogeneity different organs, types may play roles Here, we review current understanding fibrosis highlight potential treatment Finally, important unresolved issues this field are briefly discussed. A better mechanisms contribute developing novel therapies for inflammatory diseases

Язык: Английский

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Lung repair and regeneration: Advanced models and insights into human disease

Cell stem cell, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 31(4), С. 439 - 454

Опубликована: Март 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Lung regeneration: diverse cell types and the therapeutic potential

MedComm, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Abstract Lung tissue has a certain regenerative ability and triggers repair procedures after injury. Under controllable conditions, lung can restore normal structure function. Disruptions in this process lead to respiratory system failure even death, causing substantial medical burden. The main types of diseases are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic fibrosis (IPF), acute distress syndrome (ARDS). Multiple cells, such as epithelial endothelial fibroblasts, immune involved regulating the Although mechanism that regulates not been fully elucidated, clinical trials targeting different cells signaling pathways have achieved some therapeutic effects diseases. In review, we provide an overview cell type regeneration repair, research models, summarize molecular mechanisms regulation fibrosis. Moreover, discuss current stem therapy pharmacological strategies for COPD, IPF, ARDS treatment. This review provides reference further on cellular regeneration, drug development, trials.

Язык: Английский

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Two-photon polymerization-based 3D micro-scaffolds toward biomedical devices

Chemical Engineering Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 493, С. 152469 - 152469

Опубликована: Май 22, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Monocyte and Macrophage Dysfunction by Chronic Alcohol Consumption

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2022

Drinking alcohol, even in moderation, can affect the immune system. Studies have shown disproportionate effects of alcohol on circulating and tissue-resident myeloid cells (granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells). These orchestrate body's first line defense against microbial challenges as well maintain tissue homeostasis repair. Alcohol's these are dependent exposure pattern, with acute drinking dampening but chronic enhancing production inflammatory mediators. Although is associated heightened systemic inflammation, studies resident macrophage populations several organs including spleen, liver, brain, lung also compromised functional metabolic capacities cells. Many thought to be mediated by oxidative stress caused its metabolites which directly impact cellular epigenetic landscapes. In addition, since relatively short-lived circulation under constant repopulation from bone marrow compartment, alcohol's progenitors hematopoiesis important for understanding systemically populations. Alcohol-induced disruption progenitor, circulating, contribute increased susceptibility patients use disorders viral bacterial infections. this review, we provide an overview consumption function monocytes macrophages host defense, repair inflammation. We then summarize our current mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced examine changes transcriptome epigenome mcrophages. Overall, leads hyper-inflammation concomitant decreased wound healing responses monocytes/macrophages due a rewiring epigentic transcriptional landscape. However, advanced alcoholic liver disease, become immunosuppressed response surrounding hyper-inflammatory milieu. Therefore, effect depends disease state cell population.

Язык: Английский

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Culture impact on the transcriptomic programs of primary and iPSC-derived human alveolar type 2 cells

JCI Insight, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2022

Dysfunction of alveolar epithelial type 2 cells (AEC2s), the facultative progenitors lung alveoli, is implicated in pulmonary disease pathogenesis, highlighting importance human vitro models. However, AEC2-like culture have yet to be directly compared their vivo counterparts at single-cell resolution. Here, we performed head-to-head comparisons among transcriptomes primary (1°) adult AEC2s, cultured progeny, and induced pluripotent stem cell–derived AEC2s (iAEC2s). We found each population occupied a distinct transcriptomic space with (1° iAEC2s) exhibiting similarities differences from freshly purified 1° cells. Across cell type, an inverse relationship between proliferative maturation states, preculture being most quiescent/mature iAEC2s proliferative/least mature. Cultures either did not generate detectable 1 these defined conditions; however, subset cocultured fibroblasts acquired transitional state described mice humans arise during fibrosis or following injury. Hence, provide direct programs engineered models that can harnessed study health disease.

Язык: Английский

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Biomimetic In Vitro Lung Models: Current Challenges and Future Perspective

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(13)

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2023

As post-COVID complications, chronic respiratory diseases are one of the foremost causes mortality. The quest for a cure this recent global challenge underlines that lack predictive in vitro lung models is main bottlenecks pulmonary preclinical drug development. Despite rigorous efforts to develop biomimetic models, current cutting-edge represent compromise numerous technological and biological aspects. Most advanced still "proof-of-concept" phase with low clinical translation findings. On other hand, advances cellular molecular studies mainly based on relatively simple unrealistic models. Herein, challenges potential strategies toward not only bioinspired but truly discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Innate Immunity and Asthma Exacerbations: Insights From Human Models

Immunological Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 330(1)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease characterized by the presence of airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and mucus hypersecretion. Repeated asthma exacerbations can lead to progressive remodeling irreversible airflow obstruction. Thus, understanding preventing are paramount importance. Although multiple endotypes exist, most often driven type 2 inflammation. New therapies that target specific mediators have been shown reduce frequency but incompletely effective in significant number asthmatics. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether current treatments sustained changes or if targeting additional pathways may be necessary achieve remission. Activation innate immunity initial event inflammatory sequence occurs during an exacerbation. However, there continue critical gaps our immune response exacerbating factors. In this review, we summarize role methods used study them. We also identify potential novel therapeutic targets for future areas investigation.

Язык: Английский

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What Can an Organ-on-a-Chip Teach Us About Human Lung Pathophysiology?

Physiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(5), С. 242 - 252

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2022

The intertwined relationship between structure and function has been key to understanding human organ physiology disease pathogenesis. An organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) is a bioengineered microfluidic cell culture device lined by living cells tissues that recapitulates organ-level functions in vitro. This accomplished recreating organ-specific tissue-tissue interfaces microenvironmental biochemical mechanical cues while providing dynamic perfusion through endothelium-lined vascular channels. In this review, we discuss how emerging technology contributed the of lung structure-function relationships at cell, tissue, levels.

Язык: Английский

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Modeling mucus physiology and pathophysiology in human organs-on-chips

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 191, С. 114542 - 114542

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022

Язык: Английский

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