Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2024
Forest
ecosystems-one
of
the
biggest
carbon
sinks
in
world-play
a
key
role
terrestrial
biodiversity
and
sequestration.
As
important
sustainable
resources,
trees
serve
as
rich
sources
agronomic
economic
traits,
providing
wood,
pulp
paper,
fiber-related
products,
energy,
chemical
products.
Over
past
few
decades,
conventional
crossbreeding
has
helped
generate
plant
varieties
with
improved
traits.
However,
forestry
is
time-intensive
reached
bottleneck.
Thus,
improvement
growth
economically
traits
tree
species
requires
attention.
Biotechnology
recently
resulted
great
progress
crop
breeding,
owing
to
development
high-quality
genome
assembly
annotation
tools,
gene
identification
techniques,
efficient
editing.
Nonetheless,
compared
species,
extensive
efforts
are
needed
for
genomes,
genes
regulating
highly
editing
that
exhibit
high
heterozygosity.This
Frontiers
Research
Topic
aims
present
latest
fundamental
discoveries
field
forest
genomics,
including
genetic
studies
focusing
on
pathways
associated
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
secondary
regulation,
potential
utilization
biotechnology
woody
species.
This
volume
organized
into
following
sections:
(1)
annotation;
(2)
functional
growth,
vascular
development,
stress
response;
(3)
transformation
plants.The
first
completely
sequenced
was
Populus
trichocarpa
(Tuskan
et
al.,
2006).
With
increase
sequencing
depth
length
decrease
cost,
genomes
several
plants,
poplar,
have
been
(Liu
Tree
biomass
determined
using
longitudinal
lateral
growth.
The
cultivation
fast-growing
interest
produce
adequate
shorter
time.
In
this
regard,
researchers
attempted
identify
rate
improvement.
Akutsu
etal.
used
genomic
selection
(GS)
characteristics
an
open-pollinated
breeding
population
Korean
red
pine
(Pinus
densiflora)
concluded
trained
GS
model
more
effective
than
traditional
methods.
Kang
al.
conducted
prediction
half-sib
progeny
Shorea
macrophylla
six
methods,
showed
GWAS-based
SNP
useful
species.Wood
formation,
or
biological
process
specific
continuous
activities
cambium,
comprising
cambial
cell
proliferation,
expansion,
wall
thickening,
programmed
death
(PCD),
xylem
(wood)
(Du
2023).
Key
regulators
proliferation
thickening
poplar
identified
forward
reverse
genetics
(Hu
PCD
cells,
late
cells
flow
cytometry.
method
can
also
improve
analysis
expression
dynamics
along
developmental
stages
PCD.A/T-rich
zinc-binding
protein.
PtaPLATZ18-SRDX
transgenic
lines
exhibited
wider
wildtype
higher
lignin
content
wood.Moreover,
plants
significantly
increased
height,
suggesting
promoting
wood
production.Tree
immensely
affected
by
environmental
factors
such
drought
temperatures
(Jiang
2023),
which
induce
physiological
processes,
abscisic
acid
synthesis
roots
leaves.
Yu
analyzed
transcriptomic
profile
Phoebe
bournei,
afforestation
subtropical
region
China,
exposed
stress.
Through
co-expression
network
analysis,
they
two
core
transcription
factors,
TGA4
APRR2,
involved
drought.
further
experiments
required
determine
functions
candidate
genes.Genetic
vital
characterize
function
gene.
addition
assembly,
stems
(Song
2006)
leaves
explants
(Li
2017)
makes
P.
endemic
resort
other
alba,
alba
×
glandulosa,
tremula.
Transformation
relies
tissue
culture,
mostly
mediated
Agrobacterium
tumefaciens,
although
A.
rhizogenes-mediated
independent
culture
produces
hairy
roots,
from
regenerate.
Ying
reviewed
recent
advances
Ri
emphasized
its
application
difficult-to-propagate
species.Gene
increasingly
applied
because
precision
(Borthakur
2022).
Fan
type
II
clustered
regularly
interspaced
short
palindromic
repeats
(CRISPR)-associated
protein
(Cas9)
system
tomentosa
(Fan
2015).
Furthermore,
CRISPR-Cas12
knock
out
multiple
targets
Phytoene
desaturase
8
(An
2020).
study,
An
evaluated
effects
temperature
efficiency
observed
majority
included
large-fragment
deletions.
Similarly,
Movahedi
examined
three
Agrobacteria
concentration,
DDT
number,
optimized
homologous
arm
homology-directed
repair.
Currently,
CRISPR-Cas
most
commonly
but
different
may
need
systems.
test
poplar.
New Crops,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
1, С. 100021 - 100021
Опубликована: Март 30, 2024
Stomata
are
tiny
pores
on
leaf
surfaces
essential
for
plant
transpiration
and
photosynthesis.
As
the
connecting
hub
between
atmosphere,
plants
soil,
stomata
play
a
significant
role
in
global
carbon
water
cycles.
The
shape
function
of
physically
constrained
by
stomatal
walls.
Compared
to
extensively
studied
genetic
mechanisms
development
guard
cell
signaling,
recent
progress
is
only
beginning
uncover
walls
dynamics.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
research
kidney-shaped
from
dicots
dumbbell-shaped
grasses.
dynamic
response
grass
closely
linked
its
anatomical
features
that
limited
walls,
discuss
potential
as
crucial
targets
crop
engineering
enhance
assimilation
use
efficiency.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Lignocellulose,
an
abundant
renewable
resource,
presents
a
promising
alternative
for
sustainable
energy
and
industrial
applications.
However,
large-scale
adoption
of
lignocellulosic
feedstocks
faces
considerable
obstacles,
including
scalability,
bioprocessing
efficiency,
resilience
to
climate
change.
This
Review
examines
current
efforts
future
opportunities
leveraging
in
bio-based
products,
with
focus
on
enhancing
conversion
efficiency
scalability.
It
also
explores
emerging
biotechnologies
such
as
CRISPR-based
genome
editing
informed
by
machine
learning,
aimed
at
improving
feedstock
traits
reducing
the
environmental
impact
fossil
fuel
dependence.
Lignocellulose
is
produce
bioenergy
biomaterials.
Here,
authors
review
efforts,
feedstock-based
biomaterials
production
provide
outlook
traits.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(4), С. 2205 - 2205
Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2024
Primary
and
secondary
growth
of
trees
are
needed
for
increments
in
plant
height
stem
diameter,
respectively,
affecting
the
production
woody
biomass
applications
timber,
pulp/paper,
related
biomaterials.
These
two
types
believed
to
be
both
regulated
by
distinct
transcription
factor
(TF)-mediated
regulatory
pathways.
Notably,
we
identified
PtrLBD39,
a
highly
phloem-specific
TF
Populus
trichocarpa
found
that
ectopic
expression
PtrLBD39
P.
markedly
retarded
primary
growth.
In
these
overexpressing
plants,
RNA-seq,
ChIP-seq,
weighted
gene
co-expression
network
analysis
(WGCNA)
revealed
directly
or
indirectly
regulates
TFs
governing
vascular
tissue
development,
wood
formation,
hormonal
signaling
pathways,
enzymes
responsible
components.
This
regulation
led
inhibition,
decreased
fibrocyte
cell
wall
thickness,
reduced
production.
Therefore,
our
study
indicates
that,
following
trichocarpa,
functions
as
repressor
influencing
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
243(2), С. 526 - 536
Опубликована: Май 27, 2024
Summary
Forests
make
immense
contributions
to
societies
in
the
form
of
ecological
services
and
sustainable
industrial
products.
However,
they
face
major
challenges
their
viability
economic
use
due
climate
change
growing
biotic
threats,
for
which
recombinant
DNA
(rDNA)
technology
can
sometimes
provide
solutions.
But
application
rDNA
technologies
forest
trees
faces
social
biological
obstacles
that
its
societal
acceptance
a
‘wicked’
problem
without
straightforward
We
discuss
nature
these
problems,
innovations
we
consider
essential
progress.
As
case
studies
challenges,
focus
on
modifications
wood
chemistry
transformation
efficiency.
call
regulations,
dissolution
method‐based
market
barriers,
together
could
lead
greater
research
investments,
enable
wide
field
studies,
facilitate
integration
rDNA‐modified
into
conventional
breeding
programs.
Without
near‐term
adoption
such
innovations,
rDNA‐based
solutions
will
be
largely
unavailable
help
forests
adapt
stresses
from
proliferation
pests,
nor
available
environmental
benefits
expanded
related
bioproducts
as
part
an
expanding
bioeconomy.
Frontiers in Plant Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Март 11, 2025
Introduction
Vascular
cambium
proliferates
and
differentiates
into
the
secondary
xylem
(wood),
enabling
perennial
increase
in
stem
diameter
for
wood
formation.
In
our
previous
study,
we
identified
95
vascular-cambium-specific
(VCS)
transcription
factors
(TFs)
Populus
trichocarpa
.
Methods
this
characterized
function
of
highly
vascular
cambium-expressed
heat
shock
TF
among
these
VCSs,
PtrSCZ1,
using
PtrSCZ1
-overexpressing
transgenic
lines
gene-edited
mutants
P.
Results
Overexpressing
or
its
homolog
PtrSCZ3
(
OE-PtrSCZ1
,
OE-PtrSCZ3
)
led
to
enhanced
activity,
increased
diameter,
a
larger
proportion.
CRISPR-based
exhibited
phenotypes
opposite
plants.
This
suggests
that
redundantly
promote
activity
growth,
leading
radial
growth
Overexpression
knockout
significantly
affected
expression
key
regulatory
PtrWOX4a
PtrWOX4b
PtrWOX13a
PtrPXYa
PtrVCM1
PtrVCM2
disrupted
cell
wall-related
gene
expression.
demonstrates
may
division
by
regulating
cambium-associated
Discussion
Our
work
identifies
as
promising
target
genes
enhancing
yield
through
molecular
breeding,
illustrates
role
systems
understanding
lateral
meristem
development.
Summary
The
compact
genome
and
lack
of
recent
whole‐genome
multiplication
(WGM)
events
make
the
boreal
pioneer
tree
silver
birch
(
Betula
pendula
)
a
promising
model
for
primary
secondary
cell
wall
(PCW
SCW)
regulation
in
forest
trees.
Here,
we
constructed
regulatory
networks
through
combined
co‐expression
promoter
motif
analysis
carried
out
tissue‐wide
xylan
using
mass
spectrometry.
Analyses
confirm
evolutionarily
conserved
superimposed
layers
suggest
relatively
simple
ancestral
state
still
retained
birch.
Multispecies
network
analysis,
including
birch,
poplar,
eucalyptus,
identified
interactions,
highlighting
lignin
biosynthesis
as
least
conserved.
SCW
module
was
enriched
with
WGM
duplicates.
While
regulator
genes
were
under
positive
selection,
others
evolved
relaxed
purifying
possibly
linked
diversification,
indicated
by
expression
differences.
Xylan
composition
varied
between
PCW
SCW,
revealing
unique
acetylation
patterns.
showed
distinct
motifs,
novel
acetyl
transferase
potentially
involved.
This
work
highlights
valuable
understanding
wood
formation,
vascular
development,
eudicots.
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
161(2)
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025
Abstract
One
of
the
most
critical
factors
in
maintaining
healthy
vitro
axillary
apple
shoot
cultures
is
cytokinin
content
medium.
The
effects
two
cytokinins
applied
medium,
thidiazuron
and
6-benzylaminopurine
riboside,
each
a
quantity
4.5
µM,
were
studied
on
mRNA
transcription
shoots.
Transcriptomic
response
shoots
was
investigated
at
time
points;
48
h
4
weeks
(at
end
subculture)
after
application
by
mRNA-seq,
bioinformatics
analysis,
GO
annotation
KEGG
mapping.
This
study
revealed
that
different
expression
intensities
DEGs
related
to
TF
families
(mainly
WRKY,
MYB,
AP2/ERF,
bHLH)
associated
with
plant
growth
development,
addition
enzymes
involved
genetic
environmental
information
processing,
cell
motility,
zeatin
biosynthesis,
tryptophan
metabolism,
phenylpropanoid
cutin,
suberin,
wax
biosynthesis.
A
putative
roadmap
based
changes
gene
intensity
may
be
association
various
development
disorders
caused
supplies
conceived.
Plant Biotechnology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
41(2), С. 89 - 101
Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024
The
sustainable
production
and
utilization
of
lignocellulose
biomass
are
indispensable
for
establishing
societies.
Trees
large-sized
grasses
the
major
sources
biomass,
while
greatly
surpass
trees
in
terms
productivity.
With
an
overall
aim
to
improve
usability,
it
is
important
increase
lignin
content
simplify
structures
plants
via
metabolic
engineering.
Rice
(
