The Connection Between Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Iron Metabolism and Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review
NeuroSci,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
6(1), С. 23 - 23
Опубликована: Март 4, 2025
In
recent
years,
in
the
pathogenesis
of
multiple
sclerosis,
emphasis
has
been
placed
on
mitochondrial
processes
that
influence
onset
disease.
Oxidative
stress
would
be
one
consequences
dysfunction,
and
its
impact
brain
tissue
is
well
described.
Microglia,
as
a
macrophage,
have
an
important
function
removing
unwanted
metabolites,
iron,
which
amplifier
oxidative
stress.
There
are
novelties
terms
connection
between
these
processes,
redirected
research
more
towards
process
neurodegeneration
itself,
so
no
longer
neuroinflammation,
initiate
pathological
itself
still
exist
vicinity
lesions
with
reduced
intensity.
The
aim
this
review
to
summarize
current
knowledge
from
literature
regarding
stress,
dysfunction
iron
metabolism
how
microglia
involved
sclerosis.
Язык: Английский
A Window into New Insights on Progression Independent of Relapse Activity in Multiple Sclerosis: Role of Therapies and Current Perspective
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(3), С. 884 - 884
Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025
In
multiple
sclerosis
(MS),
there
is
significant
evidence
indicating
that
both
progression
independent
of
relapse
activity
(PIRA)
and
relapse-related
worsening
events
contribute
to
the
accumulation
progressive
disability
from
onset
disease
throughout
its
course.
Understanding
compartmentalized
pathophysiology
MS
would
enhance
comprehension
mechanisms,
overcoming
traditional
distinction
in
phenotypes.
Smoldering
thought
be
maintained
by
a
continuous
interaction
between
parenchymal
chronic
processes
neuroinflammation
neurodegeneration
intrathecal
compartment.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
up-to-date
overview
neuropathological
immunological
related
mechanisms
underlying
PIRA
phenomena
MS,
with
focus
on
studies
investigating
impact
currently
available
therapies
these
complex
mechanisms.
Язык: Английский
Repulsive Guidance Molecule-A as a Therapeutic Target Across Neurological Disorders: An Update
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(7), С. 3221 - 3221
Опубликована: Март 30, 2025
Repulsive
guidance
molecule-a
(RGMa)
has
emerged
as
a
significant
therapeutic
target
in
variety
of
neurological
disorders,
including
neurodegenerative
diseases
and
acute
conditions.
This
review
comprehensively
examines
the
multifaceted
role
RGMa
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
pathologies
such
Alzheimer’s
disease,
Parkinson’s
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis,
multiple
neuromyelitis
optica
spectrum
disorder,
spinal
cord
injury,
stroke,
vascular
dementia,
auditory
neuropathy,
epilepsy.
The
mechanisms
through
which
contributes
to
neuroinflammation,
neuronal
degeneration,
impaired
axonal
regeneration
are
herein
discussed.
Evidence
from
preclinical
studies
associate
overexpression
with
negative
outcomes,
increased
neuroinflammation
synaptic
loss,
while
inhibition,
particularly
use
agents
like
elezanumab,
shown
promise
enhancing
survival
functional
recovery.
RGMa’s
responses
concerning
immunomodulation
neurogenesis
highlight
its
potential
avenue.
We
emphasize
critical
CNS
pathology
pave
way
for
innovative
treatment
strategies
disorders.
While
findings
encouraging
so
far,
further
clinical
trials
needed
validate
safety
efficacy
RGMa-targeted
therapies.
Язык: Английский