Retinal Imaging-Based Oculomics: Artificial Intelligence as a Tool in the Diagnosis of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(9), С. 2150 - 2150

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of mortality globally, emphasizing the need for early detection and effective risk assessment to improve patient outcomes. Advances in oculomics, which utilize relationship between retinal microvascular changes systemic vascular health, offer promising non-invasive approach assessing CVD risk. Retinal fundus imaging optical coherence tomography/angiography (OCT/OCTA) provides critical information diagnosis, with parameters such as vessel caliber, tortuosity, branching patterns identified key biomarkers. Given large volume data generated during routine eye exams, there is growing automated tools aid diagnosis prediction. The study demonstrates that AI-driven analysis images can accurately predict cardiovascular factors, events, metabolic diseases, surpassing traditional diagnostic methods some cases. These models achieved area under curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.71 0.87, sensitivity 71% 89%, specificity 40% 70%, This highlights potential component personalized medicine, enabling more precise earlier intervention. It not only aids detecting abnormalities may precede events but also offers scalable, non-invasive, cost-effective solution widespread screening. However, article emphasizes further research standardize protocols validate clinical utility these biomarkers across different populations. By integrating oculomics into practice, healthcare providers could significantly enhance management ultimately improving Fundus image thus represents valuable tool future precision medicine health management.

Язык: Английский

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Retinal Structural and Vascular Changes in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Life, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(4), С. 448 - 448

Опубликована: Март 28, 2024

Background: Retinal microvascular anomalies have been identified in patients with cardiovascular conditions such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and carotid artery disease. We conducted a systematic review meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration number CRD42024506589) to explore the potential of retinal vasculature biomarker for diagnosis monitoring coronary disease (CAD) through optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA). Methods: systematically examined original articles Pubmed, Embase, Web Science databases from their inception up November 2023, comparing features between CAD control groups. Studies were included if they reported sample mean standard deviation or median range and/or interquartile (which computed into deviation). Review Manager 5.4 (The Cochrane Collaboration, 2020) software was used calculate pooled effect size weighted difference 95% confidence intervals (CI) by random-effects inverse variance method. Results: Eleven studies meeting inclusion criteria incorporated meta-analysis. The findings indicated significant decrease nerve fiber layer (WMD −3.11 [−6.06, −0.16]), subfoveal choroid −58.79 [−64.65, −52.93]), overall thickness −4.61 [−7.05, −2.17]) among compared controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, vascular macular density notably lower patients, particularly superficial capillary plexus (foveal vessel WMD −2.19 [−3.02, −1.135], p 0.0001). Additionally, foveal avascular zone area statistically larger group 52.73 [8.79, 96.67], = 0.02). Heterogeneity (I2 > 50%) most except thickness, retina density. Conclusion: current suggests that vascularization could function noninvasive biomarker, providing additional insights beyond routine examinations assessing dysfunction arteries.

Язык: Английский

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The Eye as the Window to the Heart: Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Biomarkers as Indicators of Cardiovascular Disease

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(3), С. 829 - 829

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

Alterations in microvasculature represent some of the earliest pathological processes across a wide variety human diseases. In many organs, however, inaccessibility and difficulty directly imaging tissues prevent assessment microvascular changes, thereby significantly limiting their translation into improved patient care. The eye provides unique solution by allowing for non-invasive direct visualization quantification aspects microvasculature, including biomarkers structure, function, hemodynamics, metabolism. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) studies have specifically identified reduced capillary densities at level retina several diseases glaucoma. This narrative review examines published data related to OCTA-assessed major systemic cardiovascular disease. While loss capillaries is being established various ocular disease, pilot suggest that changes retinal especially within macula, may also reflect small vessel damage occurring other organs resulting from Current evidence suggests as potential indicators diseases, arterial hypertension, atherosclerotic congestive heart failure.

Язык: Английский

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Retinal optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: a review article

Eye, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 14, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Reduced retinal microvascular density in women with coronary microvascular dysfunction: A pilot study

American Heart Journal Plus Cardiology Research and Practice, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 51, С. 100502 - 100502

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025

To compare retinal microvascular density among women with ischemia no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA) and without dysfunction (CMD). Cross-sectional study. Patients myocardial INOCA often have CMD, possibly indicating systemic vascular dysfunction. While microvasculature relates to many cardiovascular risk factors, its link CMD remains unknown. Women (N = 18) function testing were enrolled classified into non-CMD groups, defined as flow reserve (CFR) <2.5 in response adenosine. Participants underwent optical coherence tomography angiography for noninvasive imaging of the microvasculature. Vessel density, perfusion area, perimeter, circularity foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Non-parametric statistics used comparisons. Mean age was 54.7 (SD 12.5) years. The 11) 7) groups balanced respect age, BMI, diseases including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, medications. Those had a lower vessel [20.9 (0.7) vs 21.6(0.8), p 0.006] inner [38.5 (1.6) 41.2 (0.8), compared those CMD. There differences FAZ or circularity. In this study INOCA, showed densities than Direct, non-invasive is feasible, affordable, may reflect patients. A larger study, men, needed confirm these findings.

Язык: Английский

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Novel 2D/3D vascular biomarkers reveal association between fundus changes and coronary heart disease

Microvascular Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 104793 - 104793

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Coronary artery and retinal vascularization by optical coherence tomography angiography: are eyes the window to the heart?

Graefe s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The relationship between Choroidal Vascular Index and non-invasive ultrasonographic atherosclerosis predictors

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 46, С. 104046 - 104046

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

: This study explores the intricate connections between choroidal vascular index (CVI) and non-invasive ultrasonographic atherosclerosis predictors, shedding light on potential links ocular dynamics systemic cardiovascular health. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 81 participants, assessing CVI, intima-media thickness (IMT), extra-media (EMT), PATIMA index. The presence coronary artery disease (CAD) was also evaluated. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics, t-tests for group comparisons, Spearman correlation analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Our findings revealed that patients with CAD had lower CVI values compared to those without CAD, underscoring association CAD. Significant negative correlations were observed IMT, EMT, PATIMA, ROC identified optimal cutoff hypertension detection, showcasing its as diagnostic marker. results align existing literature changes, supporting notion may be promising indicator conditions. contributes broader understanding relationships health, providing foundation future research clinical applications. suggests holds relevance marker identifying conditions, offering insights into fields neurology, physical therapy, rehabilitation. Addressing limitations, this encourages further investigation multifaceted predictors.

Язык: Английский

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Quantitative analysis of three-dimensional choroidal changes in coronary artery disease patients with swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 50, С. 104366 - 104366

Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2024

To quantitatively analyze three-dimensional (3D) choroidal changes in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) based on a scan area of 12×12mm. 236 CAD and 78 controls were included after (CAG) evaluation this prospective cross-sectional study. Choroidal foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters compared between the two groups. morphological characteristics also evaluated ETDRS quadrants. Receiver operating (ROC) curves generated to determine discriminative power FAZ parameters. Linear regression analysis was used relationships Gensini score thickness (CT), vascular volume/ (CVV/a), stromal (CSV/a) significantly reduced patients, while 2D density decreased only 1-6 mm, no statistical difference vascularity index (CVI) values detected. The AUC greater inner-6 mm than outer-6 area, good performance found combination (AUC=0.77, P < 0.001). For analysis, both groups showed greatest superior quadrant lowest nasal quadrant. After controlling for confounding factors, negatively associated CT (β = -0.35, 0.003), CVV/a -0.17, 0.004), CSV/a -0.18, 0.005). SS-OCTA provided excellent visualization quantification choroid volume but features unchanged. severity stenosis independently changes.

Язык: Английский

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Optical coherence tomography angiography in cardiovascular disease

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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