Role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in aversive learning and memory

Learning & Memory, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 24(9), С. 480 - 491

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2017

Surviving threats in the environment requires brain circuits for detecting (or anticipating) danger and coordinating appropriate defensive responses (e.g., increased cardiac output, stress hormone release, freezing behavior). The bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) is a critical interface between "affective forebrain"-including amygdala, ventral hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex-and hypothalamic brainstem areas that have been implicated neuroendocrine, autonomic, behavioral to actual or anticipated threats. However, precise contribution BNST behavior unclear, both terms antecedent stimuli mobilize activity consequent reactions. For example, it well known essential contextual fear conditioning, but dispensable conditioning discrete conditioned (CSs), at least as indexed by behavior. recent evidence suggests there are circumstances which may persist independent BNST. Furthermore, involved reinstatement relapse) extinguished CSs. As such, gaps understanding how contributes fundamental processes Pavlovian conditioning. Here, we attempt provide an integrative account function We discuss distinctions unconditioned role organizing behaviors associated with these states. propose mediates responses-not based on modality duration threat response threat-but rather consequence ability stimulus predict when aversive outcome will occur (i.e., its temporal predictability). argue not uniquely mobilized sustained responses. In contrast, poorly

Язык: Английский

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Fear in the context of pain: Lessons learned from 100 years of fear conditioning research

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 131, С. 103635 - 103635

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2020

Human fear conditioning research since Watson's case study on "Little Albert" has vastly evolved and its impact today is reaching far beyond phobic anxiety. This review focuses how research, mainly using exteroceptive conditioned stimuli (CSs) aversive, non-noxious as unconditioned (USs), been extended translated to chronic pain research. We describe the different pain-related paradigms proprioceptive interoceptive CSs painful USs that have developed specific forms of (i.e. movement, touch, visceral sensations, penetration) are relevant for conditions musculoskeletal pain, neuropathic genital pain). present evidence patients with demonstrate impaired safety learning excessive generalization; anomalies also observed in anxiety disorders. Extinction-based protocols (exposure vivo) reduce increase daily functioning various Finally, we outline some challenges future directions further our understanding mechanisms underlying development, persistence, treatment disability.

Язык: Английский

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Avoidance and its bi-directional relationship with conditioned fear: Mechanisms, moderators, and clinical implications

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 126, С. 103550 - 103550

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2020

Fear motivates different types of defensive behaviors. These behaviors are, however, not mere byproducts fear. In this review, we highlight a bi-directional relationship between conditioned fear and instrumental behavior in humans. We discuss mechanisms involved the link from to goal-directed avoidance (e.g., relief, generalization), that may become habitual. turn reduce, preserve, or amplify responding protection-from-extinction, behavior-as-information). Multiple factors moderate relationship. Evidence for amplifying dampening effects inter-individual differences trait anxiety, distress tolerance), intra-individual states stress), external incentives competing behavior) on and/or habitual is reviewed. However, exact by which these are still largely unknown modulating directly vs. indirectly via fear). Finally, major implications: First, understanding moderating provides insights into risk resilience anxious psychopathology. Second, specific experimental models clinical interventions can be mapped onto distinct avoidance). More precise matching will help develop nuanced reduce pathological individualize treatments.

Язык: Английский

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State-Dependent TMS over Prefrontal Cortex Disrupts Fear-Memory Reconsolidation and Prevents the Return of Fear

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(18), С. 3672 - 3679.e4

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Ventral hippocampus interacts with prelimbic cortex during inhibition of threat response via learned safety in both mice and humans

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 116(52), С. 26970 - 26979

Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2019

Heightened fear and inefficient safety learning are key features of anxiety disorders. Evidence-based interventions for disorders, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, primarily rely on mechanisms extinction. However, up to 50% clinically anxious individuals do not respond current evidence-based treatment, suggesting a critical need new based alternative neurobiological pathways. Using parallel human rodent conditioned inhibition paradigms alongside brain imaging methodologies, we investigated neural activity patterns in the ventral hippocampus response stimuli predictive threat or compound cues test via presence threat. Distinct hippocampal responses threat, safety, suggest that is involved both mice humans. Moreover, unique within target-differentiated subpopulations neurons identify circuit by which may be inhibited safety. Specifically, projecting prelimbic cortex, but infralimbic cortex basolateral amygdala, were more active than cues, correlated with freezing behavior rodents. A corresponding distinction was observed humans: hippocampal–dorsal anterior cingulate functional connectivity—but hippocampal–anterior ventromedial prefrontal hippocampal–basolateral amygdala connectivity—differentiated between conditions. These findings highlight potential enhance treatment disorders targeting an mechanism through signal learning.

Язык: Английский

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Measuring learning in human classical threat conditioning: Translational, cognitive and methodological considerations

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 114, С. 96 - 112

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Pain-Related Fear, Pain Intensity and Function in Individuals With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Pain, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 20(12), С. 1394 - 1415

Опубликована: Май 8, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Active avoidance and attentive freezing in the face of approaching threat

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 158, С. 196 - 204

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2017

Язык: Английский

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A review on the effects of verbal instructions in human fear conditioning: Empirical findings, theoretical considerations, and future directions

Biological Psychology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 137, С. 49 - 64

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Role of Human Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in Learning and Recall of Enhanced Extinction

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 39(17), С. 3264 - 3276

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2019

Standard fear extinction relies on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) to form a new memory given omission of threat. Using fMRI in humans, we investigated whether replacing threat with novel neutral outcomes (instead just omitting threat) facilitates by engaging vmPFC more effectively than standard extinction. Computational modeling associability (indexing surprise strength and dynamically modulating learning rates) characterized skin conductance responses activity during novelty-facilitated but not Subjects who showed faster within-session updating also expressed better retention next day, as through responses. Finally, separable patterns connectivity between amygdala ventral versus dorsal mPFC retrieval memories, respectively. These results indicate that stimulates involvement trials, leading durable long-term memory. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Psychiatric disorders be excessive are major public health concern. Popular clinical treatments, such exposure therapy, informed principles Pavlovian Thus, there is motivation optimize strategies laboratory so ultimately develop effective treatments. Here, used functional neuroimaging humans found (rather omitting) expected aversive events engages learning. Enhanced diminished threat-related networks (e.g., insula, thalamus) immediate 24 h test. This evidence for how behavioral protocols designed enhance affects neurocircuitry underlying memories.

Язык: Английский

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