Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 237, С. 51 - 56
Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2024
Язык: Английский
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 140, С. 104769 - 104769
Опубликована: Июль 4, 2022
We performed a scientometric analysis of the scientific literature on ADHD to evaluate key themes and trends over past decades, informing future lines research. conducted systematic search in Web Science Core Collection up 15 November, 2021 for publications ADHD. retrieved 28,381 publications. identified four major research trends: 1) treatment, risks factors evidence synthesis; 2) neurophysiology, neuropsychology neuroimaging; 3) genetics; 4) comorbidity. In chronological order, clusters included: tricyclic antidepressants, diagnosis/treatment, bipolar disorder, EEG, polymorphisms, sleep, executive functions, pharmacology, genetics, environmental risk factors, emotional dysregulation, neuroimaging, non-pharmacological interventions, default mode network, Tourette, polygenic score, sluggish cognitive tempo, evidence-synthesis, toxins/chemicals, psychoneuroimmunology, Covid-19, physical exercise. conclusion, decades has been driven mainly by medical model. Whereas neurobiological correlates are undeniable crucial, we look forward further relevant psychosocial aspects related ADHD, such as societal pressure, concept neurodiversity, stigma.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
62
Psychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 238(10), С. 2667 - 2691
Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2021
Abstract Rationale Psychostimulants, including methylphenidate (MPH), are the mainstay of pharmacotherapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. Even though MPH is most commonly used medication ADHD these days, there relatively few resources available that provide comprehensive insight into pharmacological and clinical features compound. Objective The aim this paper to an up-to-date outline pharmacology utility adult patients. Methods While conducting narrative review, we applied structured search strategies covering two major online databases (MEDLINE Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials). In addition, performed handsearching reference lists relevant papers. Results Methylphenidate exhibits multimodal mechanism action, working primarily as a dopamine noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor. It also protects dopaminergic system against ongoing ‘wearing off’ (by securing substantial reserve pool neurotransmitter, stored presynaptic vesicles). placebo-controlled trials, was shown be moderately effective both core symptoms (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35–0.64), accompanying emotion regulation deficits (SMD, 0.34; CI, 0.23–0.45). common adverse events related long-term treatment with decreased appetite (~ 20%), dry mouth (15%), heart palpitations (13%), gastrointestinal infections 10%), agitation/feeling restless 10%). Conclusions There body evidence suggest safe option adults ADHD.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
52
Frontiers in Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12
Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2024
Accumulating evidence indicates that there is a trend of early puberty onset in humans. The timing has raised concerns due to its association with significant negative health outcomes. However, overall impact and potential risk remain uncertain. In this study, we conducted comprehensive review existing epidemiological studies gain insights into the long-term adverse effects associated puberty. Our objective was provide consolidated summary these outcomes at population level by considering encompass various indicators all, been identified as factor for metabolic diseases, such obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Children who experience are more likely have higher body mass index (BMI) during adulthood, increasing their obesity. Early also found be an independent diabetes mellitus, including gestational mellitus (GDM) type 2 (T2DM), earlier menarche girls voice breaking boys prevalence T2DM. Furthermore, suggests may contribute elevated CVD, conditions like coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, angina, hypertension. addition, adolescents puberty, particularly girls, suffer from mental problems, behavioral dysfunction depression. Notably, on than boys. Further research should consider underlying mechanisms preventive measures.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2022
Abstract The persistent difficulty in conceptualizing the relationship between addictive and other mental disorders stands out among many challenges faced by field of Psychiatry. different philosophies schools thought about, sheer complexity these highly prevalent clinical conditions make progress inherently difficult, not to mention profusion competing sometimes contradictory terms that unnecessarily exacerbate challenge. lack a standardized term adds confusion, fuels stigma, contributes “wrong door syndrome” captures only diagnosing but also treating an integrated manner. World Association on Dual Disorders (WADD) proposes adoption “Dual Disorder” which, while still arbitrary, would help harmonize various research efforts rallying around single, more accurate, less stigmatizing designation.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
27
Addiction Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Abstract Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders worldwide with high economic costs. Current treatment options show modest efficacy and relapse rates are high. Furthermore, there increases in gap few new medications have been approved past 20 years. Recently, psychedelic‐assisted therapy psilocybin lysergic acid diethylamide has garnered significant attention AUD. Yet, they require amounts therapist input due to prolonged subjective effects (~4–12 h) leading costs impeding implementation. Accordingly, is an increasing interest rapid short‐acting psychedelic 5‐methoxy‐ N,N ‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐DMT). This paper offers a first look at potential therapeutic mechanisms for AUD by reviewing current literature on 5‐MeO‐DMT. Primarily, 5‐MeO‐DMT able induce mystical experiences ego‐dissolution together psychological flexibility mindfulness. could decrease symptoms through alleviation mood‐related comorbidities consistent negative reinforcement self‐medication paradigms. In addition, preliminary evidence indicates that modulates neural oscillations might subserve (increases gamma ), mindfulness theta reorganization executive control networks coherence across frequencies) improve emotion regulation inhibition. Finally, animal studies characterized neuroplasticity, anti‐inflammation, 5‐HT 2A receptor agonism, downregulation metabotropic glutamate 5 clinical implications comorbidities. The concludes several recommendations future research establish purported action.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
Neuropharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 260, С. 110114 - 110114
Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(16), С. 12983 - 12983
Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2023
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, although aetiology ADHD not yet understood. One proposed theory for developing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) dysfunction. NMDARs are involved in regulating synaptic plasticity and memory function brain. Abnormal expression or polymorphism some genes associated with results NMDAR Correspondingly, malfunction animal models ADHD-like symptoms, such as impulsivity hyperactivity. Currently, there no drugs that specifically target NMDARs. However, NMDAR-stabilizing have shown promise improving symptoms fewer side effects than currently widely used psychostimulant treatment, methylphenidate. In this review, we outline molecular genetic basis how it affects course ADHD. We also present new therapeutic options related to treating by targeting NMDAR.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
11
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(4), С. 437 - 450
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024
Behavioral economic theory suggests that alcohol risk is related to elevated reinforcing efficacy (demand) combined with diminished availability of substance-free activities, but little research has examined these reward-related processes at the daily level in association comorbid conditions might influence behavioral patterns and reward. Young people attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) report high levels risky drinking, this may be due part demand for engagement enjoyable valued activities.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(1), С. e0315587 - e0315587
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025
This cross-sectional, nationwide, population-based study aimed to elucidate sex differences in psychiatric comorbidities of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) across children, adolescents, and adults. We analyzed data from Taiwan’s comprehensive healthcare database, including 112,225 individuals diagnosed with ADHD, categorized by age (0–12, 13–18, ≥18 years) sex. Psychiatric were assessed using ICD-9-CM codes, focusing on sex-specific prevalence. Among the cohort, 83.50% children (0–12 presenting primarily learning disabilities tics, while adolescents (13–18 years; 11.88%) had higher instances oppositional defiant conduct disorders. In adults (≥18 4.62%), prevalence anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, substance misuse was notably higher. Males under 18 predominantly whereas females exhibited increased vulnerability emotional adulthood, males showed greater susceptibility most comorbidities, except sleep The highlights evolving nature ADHD-related different life stages, distinct sex-based patterns. transition childhood adulthood sees an various conditions, particularly impacting adult males. These findings underscore need for age- therapeutic approaches ADHD management. cultural context necessitates further research diverse populations broader applicability findings.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Vertex Revista Argentina de Psiquiatría, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 35(166), С. 56 - 84
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) ha sido tradicionalmente concebido como una condición privativa la infancia. Sin embargo, creciente evidencia sugiere que el TDAH persiste en vida adulta, manifestándose diversas maneras. A pesar su prevalencia y las significativas consecuencias cotidiana, adultos considerablemente subestimado subdiagnosticado, lo resulta carga sustancial tanto para los individuos afectados entorno familiar social. Esta revisión exhaustiva se propone explorar complejidad del adultez aborda etiología, definición presentación clínica, factores riesgo, comorbilidades más frecuentes, métodos evaluación aspectos neuropsicológicos, así enfoques farmacoterapéuticos no tratamiento. Además, examinan implicaciones diagnóstico tratamiento, destacando importancia comprensión integral esta condición. través este documento, Asociación Argentina Psiquiatría Biológica (AAPB) aspira solo a recopilar analizar sobre adultos, sino también proporcionar guía útil profesionales salud tratan patología. Así, objetivo final artículo es contribuir al desarrollo estrategias efectivas manejo TDAH, mejorar modo calidad pacientes.
Процитировано
0