Associations Between Exercise Training, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Mortality: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(2)

Опубликована: Март 5, 2025

Numerous studies support the association of exercise training, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with both mortality morbidity outcomes. The results across have been inconsistent, no umbrella reviews yet conducted on this topic. We an review meta-analyses observational by screening articles in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE Web Science databases from inception to 30 April 2024. Quality appraisal each included meta-analysis was done using AMSTAR 2 tool, evidence certainty evaluated based statistical significance, study size, heterogeneity, small-study effects, prediction intervals (PI) potential biases. Frothy-eight were (AMSTAR ratings: high 25, moderate 10, low critically 11). No highly suggestive or convincing. Suggestive linked any PA SB lower higher risks all-cause, cardiovascular cancer mortality. indicated a significant between self-reported device-measured total (equivalent odds ratio [eOR] 0.78 [0.70-0.86] eHR = 0.50 [0.38-0.65], respectively), leisure time (eHR 0.73 [0.66-0.80]), daily steps 0.44 [0.35-0.56]) aerobic plus resistance training 0.60 [0.56-0.64]) all-cause Weak supported links 1.3 [1.22-1.38] 2.16 [1.09-4.28], respectively). noted for 0.74 [0.69-0.80]) 0.82 [0.81-0.84]) also found 0.87 [0.83-0.91]) Associations running all causes, diseases (CVD) did not reach significance nor skeletal muscle mass Meta-regression analyses showed that reduces risk, age reducing protective effects against CVD combined (aerobic resistance) most effectively Converging supports are associated rates More high-quality prospective needed better understanding associations TV-viewing health-related

Язык: Английский

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Mental Health and Well-Being in the Modern Era: A Comprehensive Review of Challenges and Interventions

Cureus, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2025

A critical global concern in the modern era is mental health and well-being, where rapid socioeconomic change, technological advancements, lifestyle shifts have significantly impacted individuals' psychological health. Primary stressors today include urbanization, digital dependency, social isolation, economic pressures, alongside escalating prevalence of disorders such as depression, anxiety, burnout. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated crises, increasing vulnerability populations during times uncertainty instability. This paper critically examines emerging connections between factors sleep, diet, exercise. Interventions are discussed from a multidimensional perspective, encompassing pharmacological treatments, psychotherapy, tools, community-based programs. Special attention given to rise telemedicine mobile apps, offering innovative solutions bridge gaps healthcare accessibility. Furthermore, review underscores importance preventive approaches, promoting literacy, reducing stigma, fostering resilience through mindfulness, cognitive behavioral techniques, support systems.

Язык: Английский

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Age-related variations in physical activity, happiness, and psychological well-being: Evidence from Iran

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(1), С. e0314202 - e0314202

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

Background Physical activity (PA) is associated with higher levels of PWB and happiness. The high prevalence physical inactivity among the Iranian population concerning. Moreover, according to Happiness Report 2024, Iran ranked 100th out 143 countries. Thus, this research aimed study PWB, happiness, PA in age groups. Methods sampled 1,050 participants, equally divided into young, middle-aged, elderly groups, using randomized cluster sampling from urban areas across five geographic regions Iran. utilized four questionnaires: a Demographic Information Questionnaire, International Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Ryff’s Scales (18-item form), Oxford (OHQ). Descriptive statistics were used for summarizing data, inferential analyses included Pearson’s correlation coefficient, one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni test, multivariate regression, all significance level set at P<0.05. Results Middle-aged individuals had highest (1015.69±730.63 MET-minutes per week) reported happiness (111.97±24.08) (63.75±11.17) levels. lowest (677.78±592.50 week), (107.63±24.01), (60.05±10.02). Statistical tests showed significant differences PA, between groups (P<0.05), no difference young (P>0.05). positively correlated especially elderly. Multivariate regression revealed that significantly predicts (F = 30.993, t 6.96, B 0.211) 86.85, 9.32, 0.004), explaining 4.4% 8.0% their variances, respectively. Conclusions concludes increasing enhances PWB. Practical applications include promoting improve mental health Future should investigate effects specific types explore longitudinal impacts on provide deeper understanding these relationships.

Язык: Английский

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Association of Pulmonary Involvement at Baseline with Exercise Intolerance and Worse Physical Functioning 8 Months Following COVID-19 Pneumonia

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(2), С. 475 - 475

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Objectives: We aimed to describe the cardiopulmonary function during exercise and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with a history COVID-19 pneumonia, stratified by chest computed tomography (CT) findings at baseline. Methods: Among 77 consecutive who were discharged from Pulmonology Ward between March 2020 April 2021, 28 (mean age 54.3 ± 8.6 years, 8 females) agreed participate current study. The participants analyzed two groups based on pulmonary involvement (PI) baseline CT applying threshold 25%. A consequent artificial intelligence (AI)-guided total opacity score (TOS) was calculated subgroup 22 patients. test (CPET) conducted average 8.4 (±1.9) months after discharge hospital. HRQoL defined using short-form (SF-36) questionnaire. primary outcome intolerance that as peak oxygen uptake (V′O2peak) < 80% predicted. Secondary outcomes ventilatory limitation, breathing reserve 15%, circulatory pulse predicted below 80%, deconditioning, absence limitations. Other secondary included SF-36 domains. Results: In all, 15 had least 25% PI (53.6%) CT. Exercise observed ten (35.7%), six due deconditioning four limitation; none limitation. AI-guided TOS 30.1 24.4% vs. 6.1 4.8% (p 0.001) baseline, 1.7 3.0% 0.2 0.7% (nonsignificant) follow-up high low groups, respectively. physical functioning (PF) domain questionnaire 66.3 19.4 85.0 13.1 respectively = 0.007). domains did not differ significantly groups. inversely correlated V′O2peak (standardized β coefficient −0.436; 95% CI −26.1; −0.7; p 0.040) PF scores −0.654; −41.3; −7.6; 0.006) adjusted for age, sex, body mass index lung diffusion capacity. Conclusions: One-third experienced eight pneumonia. higher associated PF. Notwithstanding, radiological resolved, mainly explained limitation but deconditioning.

Язык: Английский

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Vision impairment and associated daily activity limitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(1), С. e0317452 - e0317452

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Vision impairment is a common disability that poses significant challenges to individuals' ability perform activities essential for independent living, including of daily living (ADL) and instrumental (IADL). Despite extensive research, the extent nature these associations remain unclear, particularly across varying levels types vision impairment. This meta-analysis aims estimate between difficulties with ADL IADL. We conducted systematic review relevant literature from inception databases February 2024, using electronic database searches, PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, CDSR. The articles were screened title abstract then full-text reports by two reviewers study quality was appraised. Meta-analyses performed random effects models calculate pooled effect size, expressed as odds ratio (OR) corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) each outcome. Forty-six studies involving 210,960 participants included. A positive large correlation (Correlation coefficient [r] = 0.55, CI 0.37-0.68, p 0.001) IADL (r 0.60, 0.49-0.69, shown. also found associated in (OR 1.77, 1.56-2.01, < 0.0001) 1.96, 1.68-2.30, 0.0001). Subgroup analysis revealed moderate severe resulted 1.78, 1.43-2.21, 0.02) 1.86, 1.57-2.20, 0.0003). Further, there association mild 1.38, 1.23-1.55, Greater impact observed individuals near compared those distance Near significantly higher 1.57-2.01, 1.79, 1.32-2.42, In contrast, showed lower but still 1.19, 1.05-1.34, 0.005) nonsignificant 1.12, 0.90-1.40, 0.30). Meta-regression indicated every one-year increase age, performance decreased an average 0.0147 units (p 0.001), while declined at slower rate 0.0047 units/year 0.031). present several statistical methods indicates impairment, Thus, remains urgent increasingly important public health priority. These findings highlight need targeted measures raise awareness provide rehabilitation eye care examination strategies reduce risk developing disabilities adults elderly who have

Язык: Английский

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Physical activity alleviates mental health problems related to bullying through moderating rumination

Asian Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 105, С. 104391 - 104391

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Selected Biochemical, Hematological, and Immunological Blood Parameters for the Identification of Malnutrition in Polish Senile Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 1494 - 1494

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025

Background/Objectives: Malnutrition in senile patients leads to functional disability while reducing quality of life. Medical professionals should routinely assess their nutritional status during hospitalization. However, diagnosing malnutrition may be difficult, especially since obesity mask malnourishment. Thus, it is essential search for biomarkers that improve the identification malnourished inpatients. Methods: In present cross-sectional study, selected venous blood parameters were analyzed 137 older inpatients at age 80.5 ± 7.78 admitted Geriatrics Clinic Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1 Bydgoszcz, Poland between 2017 and 2018, a comprehensive geriatric assessment. The participants grouped according risks based on Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI). Kruskal–Wallis test was utilized evaluate equality variances variable calculated two or more groups. level significance set p < 0.05. Results: For total protein, albumin, homocysteine, hemoglobin, hematocrit, magnesium, calcium, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interferon γ-induced 10 (IP-10), statistically significant differences found groups classified by MNA. additional also observed creatinine, folic acid, triglycerides, GNRI compartmentalization. results indicate decreased levels albumin (<3 g/dL) hemoglobin (<11 g/dL), along with elevated CRP, IL-6 (>7.5 pg/mL), IP-10 (>250 alert medical potential hospitalized patients. Conclusions: Routine analysis can help rapidly identify immediate implementation specialized diet.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating Virtual Education Quality: Insights from Dental Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Open Public Health Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Aim This study aims to evaluate the quality of virtual education in dental training during COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on student satisfaction and teaching effectiveness at Qazvin University Medical Sciences Dental Faculty. Background The pandemic necessitated a rapid transition education, impacting various educational sectors, including training. While online learning has provided solution maintain continuity, it also raised concerns about its imparting practical skills essential for professionals. seeks understand how students perceive their experience this unprecedented time. Objective objective is assess identify gaps education. Method A cross-sectional was conducted with 112 2022-2023 academic year. Participants were selected based GPA willingness participate. Data collected using Marsh's 21-question questionnaire, which distributed electronically. adhered ethical standards, ensuring informed consent from all participants. minimum sample size assured established 94 students. descriptive analysis mean standard deviation used quantitative variables frequency percent categorical variables. Independent t-test nonparametric tests Manwitney-U Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA variables, chi-square variance compare analyze qualitative data. data analyzed SPSS software version 25 [IBM, New York, NY, USA] significance level 0.05. Results findings revealed generally favorable perception among students, average scores dimensions exceeding acceptable levels. Notably, endodontics oral diseases rated professors higher than those restorative dentistry pediatric [p<0.05]. groups other Conclusion Overall, expressed positive attitude toward indicating enhancing outcomes. Continuous improvement efforts are recommended further enhance adapt evolving landscape.

Язык: Английский

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New Trends in Uniportal Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Narrative Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(6), С. 1849 - 1849

Опубликована: Март 9, 2025

Background: Minimally invasive thoracic surgery has advanced since the introduction of multiportal video-assisted thoracoscopic (mVATS) in 1991. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is an ideal condition for refining minimally techniques owing to its straightforward procedures and predictable bullae distributions. Methods: Uniportal VATS (uVATS), which involves a single incision, alternative mVATS, offering reduced postoperative pain, lower paresthesia rates, comparable recurrence outcomes. This review explores two main uVATS approaches: intercostal subxiphoid. Results: The approach common surgeons trained easier adopt, provides excellent cosmetic Innovations such as chest wall pulley method anchoring sutures further enhance operability prevent recurrence. Subxiphoid minimizes nerve damage making it advantageous bilateral PSP surgeries. However, poses challenges longer operative times limited dorsal visualization. Emerging strategies, including drainless management two-lung ventilation with CO2 insufflation, have surgical invasiveness. Additionally, subaxillary incisions patient satisfaction. Conclusions: continues redefine surgery, prioritize patient-centered outcomes, integrate novel strategies achieve superior results.

Язык: Английский

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Accuracy of the “Timed Up and Go” Test for Predicting Low Muscle Mass in a Preoperative Prehabilitation Program for Colorectal Cancer

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(6), С. 2088 - 2088

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

Background: Preoperative sarcopenia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. The assessment of muscle mass crucial identifying at-risk patients, but standard imaging methods like computed tomography (CT) scans require significant resources. Functional tests, such as the Timed Up Go (TUG) test, may serve simple effective alternatives for screening. Objective: To evaluate accuracy TUG test predicting preoperative scheduled CRC Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary unit from January 2022 to June 2023. Patients underwent prehabilitation assessment, including four weeks before Sarcopenia diagnosed based on reduced measured third lumbar vertebra CT images. Statistical analyses included sensitivity, specificity, overall sarcopenia. Results: 199 (58.3% male, mean age 71.76 ± 10.42 years). present 48.7% patients. length 12.52 7.95 s. time ≥10.19 s predicted 70.1% 75.5% an 72.9% (95% CI = 0.660–0.790). Conclusions: reliable, simple, non-invasive tool surgery, reducing reliance scans. Early detection allows timely interventions, improving surgical outcomes patient prognosis.

Язык: Английский

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