Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Май 30, 2019
Only
a
minority
of
individuals
experiencing
trauma
subsequently
develop
post-traumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD).
However,
whether
differences
in
vulnerability
to
PTSD
result
from
predisposition
or
exposure
remains
unclear.
A
major
challenge
differentiating
these
possibilities
is
that
clinical
studies
focus
on
already
exposed
without
pre-trauma
conditions.
Here,
using
the
predator
scent
model
rats
and
longitudinal
design,
we
measure
brain-wide
neural
circuit
functional
connectivity,
behavioral
corticosterone
responses
exposure,
post-trauma
anxiety.
Freezing
during
correlates
with
connectivity
set
circuits,
indicating
pre-existing
function
can
predispose
animals
differential
fearful
threats.
Counterintuitively,
lower
freezing
show
more
avoidance
scent,
prolonged
response,
higher
anxiety
long
after
exposure.
This
study
provides
framework
determines
threat
responses,
which
might
directly
relate
PTSD-like
behaviors.
Physiological Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
101(4), С. 1487 - 1559
Опубликована: Март 26, 2021
Brain
function
critically
depends
on
a
close
matching
between
metabolic
demands,
appropriate
delivery
of
oxygen
and
nutrients,
removal
cellular
waste.
This
requires
continuous
regulation
cerebral
blood
flow
(CBF),
which
can
be
categorized
into
four
broad
topics:
Brain,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
141(2), С. 422 - 458
Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2017
The
mechanisms
underpinning
concussion,
traumatic
brain
injury,
and
chronic
encephalopathy,
the
relationships
between
these
disorders,
are
poorly
understood.
We
examined
post-mortem
brains
from
teenage
athletes
in
acute-subacute
period
after
mild
closed-head
impact
injury
found
astrocytosis,
myelinated
axonopathy,
microvascular
perivascular
neuroinflammation,
phosphorylated
tau
protein
pathology.
To
investigate
causal
mechanisms,
we
developed
a
mouse
model
of
lateral
that
uses
momentum
transfer
to
induce
head
acceleration.
Unanaesthetized
mice
subjected
unilateral
exhibited
abrupt
onset,
transient
course,
rapid
resolution
concussion-like
syndrome
characterized
by
altered
arousal,
contralateral
hemiparesis,
truncal
ataxia,
locomotor
balance
impairments,
neurobehavioural
deficits.
Experimental
was
associated
with
blood–brain
barrier
disruption,
microgliosis
(with
activation
triggering
receptor
expressed
on
myeloid
cells,
TREM2),
monocyte
infiltration,
tauopathy
cerebral
cortex
ipsilateral
subjacent
impact.
Phosphorylated
detected
axons
24
h,
bilateral
soma
2
weeks,
distant
bilaterally
at
5.5
months
post-injury.
Impact
pathologies
co-localized
serum
albumin
extravasation
diagnostically
detectable
living
dynamic
contrast-enhanced
MRI.
These
were
also
accompanied
early,
persistent,
impairment
axonal
conduction
velocity
hippocampus
defective
long-term
potentiation
synaptic
neurotransmission
medial
prefrontal
cortex,
regions
acute
injury.
Surprisingly,
deficits
time
did
not
correlate
microgliosis,
tauopathy,
or
electrophysiological
dysfunction.
Furthermore,
observed
but
blast
exposure
under
experimental
conditions
matched
for
kinematics.
Computational
modelling
showed
generated
focal
point
loading
seven-fold
greater
peak
shear
stress
compared
exposure.
Moreover,
intracerebral
peaked
before
onset
gross
motion.
By
comparison,
induced
distributed
force
diffuse,
lower
magnitude
brain.
conclude
mechanics
shape
responses,
structural
damage,
neuropathological
sequelae
triggered
neurotrauma.
results
indicate
injuries,
independent
concussive
signs,
can
as
well
early
functional
encephalopathy.
shed
light
origins
concussion
relationship
its
aftermath.
NeuroImage,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
172, С. 9 - 20
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2018
Resting-state
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(rsfMRI)
is
a
translational
method
with
great
potential
in
several
neurobiologic
applications.
Most
preclinical
rsfMRI
studies
are
performed
anesthetized
animals,
but
the
confounding
effects
of
anesthesia
on
measured
connectivity
(FC)
poorly
understood.
Therefore,
we
FC
under
six
commonly
used
protocols
and
compared
findings
data
obtained
from
awake
rats.
The
results
demonstrated
that
each
protocol
uniquely
modulated
FC.
Connectivity
patterns
propofol
urethane
were
most
similar
to
observed
α-chloralose
isoflurane-medetomidine
combination
groups
had
moderate
good
correspondence
group.
isoflurane
medetomidine
differed
These
can
be
directly
exploited
study
designs
improve
quality,
comparability,
interpretation.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
27(2), С. 189 - 205
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2022
Transcranial
alternating
current
stimulation
(tACS)
can
modulate
human
neural
activity
and
behavior.
Accordingly,
tACS
has
vast
potential
for
cognitive
research
brain
disorder
therapies.
The
generates
oscillating
electric
fields
in
the
that
bias
spike
timing,
causing
changes
local
oscillatory
power
cross-frequency
cross-area
coherence.
affects
performance
by
modulating
underlying
single
or
nested
rhythms,
distal
synchronization,
metabolic
activity.
Clinically,
tailored
to
abnormal
oscillations
shows
promising
results
alleviating
psychiatric
neurological
symptoms.
We
summarize
findings
of
mechanisms,
its
use
applications,
novel
developments
personalized
stimulation.
