Altered Brain Glymphatic Flow at Diffusion-Tensor MRI in Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder

Radiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 307(5)

Опубликована: Май 9, 2023

Background Brain glymphatic dysfunction may contribute to the development of α-synucleinopathies. Yet, noninvasive imaging and quantification remain lacking. Purpose To examine function brain in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) its relevance phenoconversion with use diffusion-tensor (DTI) analysis along perivascular space (ALPS). Materials Methods This prospective study included consecutive participants diagnosed RBD, age- sex-matched control participants, Parkinson disease (PD) who were enrolled examined between May 2017 April 2020. All underwent 3.0-T MRI including DTI, susceptibility-weighted susceptibility map–weighted imaging, and/or dopamine transporter using iodine 123–2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-nortropane SPECT at time participation. Phenoconversion status α-synucleinopathies was unknown MRI. Participants regularly followed up monitored for any signs The ALPS index reflecting activity calculated by a ratio diffusivities x-axis projection association neural fibers perpendicular them compared according groups Kruskal-Wallis Mann-Whitney U tests. risk RBD evaluated Cox proportional hazards model. Results Twenty (12 men; median age, 73 years [IQR, 66–76 years]), 20 PD included. lower group versus controls (1.53 vs 1.72; P = .001) but showed no evidence difference (1.49; .68). conversion decreased an increasing (hazard ratio, 0.57 per 0.1 increase [95% CI: 0.35, 0.93]; .03). Conclusion DTI-ALPS demonstrated more severe reduction individuals © RSNA, 2023 Supplemental material is available this article. See also editorial Filippi Balestrino issue.

Язык: Английский

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Brain energy metabolism: A roadmap for future research

Journal of Neurochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 168(5), С. 910 - 954

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2024

Although we have learned much about how the brain fuels its functions over last decades, there remains still to discover in an organ that is so complex. This article lays out major gaps our knowledge of interrelationships between metabolism and function, including biochemical, cellular, subcellular aspects functional imaging adult brain, as well during development, aging, disease. The focus on unknowns substrates associated transporters, roles insulin lipid droplets, emerging role microglia, mysteries cofactor signaling molecule NAD

Язык: Английский

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Associations of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces With Brain Lesions, Brain Age, and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury

Neurology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 101(1)

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Background and Objectives

Enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) have been identified as a key signature of glymphatic system dysfunction in neurological conditions. The incidence clinical implications ePVS after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are not yet understood. We investigated whether individuals with chronic moderate-severe TBI had an increased burden ePVS, is modulated by the presence focal lesions, older age, poorer sleep quality. examined was associated cognitive emotional outcomes.

Methods

Using cross-sectional design, participants single (sustained ≥ 10 years ago) were recruited from inpatient rehabilitation program. Control community. Participants underwent 3T MRI, neuropsychological assessment, evaluations. white matter quantified using automated segmentation. relationship between number group membership, current quality, outcome modelled negative binomial linear regressions.

Results

This study included 100 (70% male; M = 56.8 years), 75 control (54.3% 59.8 years). significantly greater (prevalence ratio rate (PRR) 1.29, p 0.013, CI_95% [1.05, 1.57]). bilateral lesions (PRR 1.41, 0.021, 1.90]). There no association burden, quality 1.01, 0.491, [0.98, 1.048]) duration 1.03, 0.556, [0.92, 1.16]). verbal memory (β -0.42, 0.006, [-0.72, -0.12]), but other domains. Burden distress -0.70, 0.461, [-2.57, 1.17) or age 1.00, 0.665, [0.99, 1.02]).

Discussion

especially when there lesions. reduced performance. may indicate ongoing impairments function post-injury period.

Язык: Английский

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The perivascular space is a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid flow in humans: A proof-of-principle report

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(42)

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2024

The glymphatic pathway was defined in rodents as a network of perivascular spaces (PVSs) that facilitates organized distribution cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the brain parenchyma. To date, CSF and cerebral interstitial exchange has not been shown humans. Using intrathecal gadolinium contrast-enhanced MRI, we show moves through PVS parenchyma, supporting existence

Язык: Английский

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of automated methods for quantifying enlarged perivascular spaces in the brain

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 297, С. 120685 - 120685

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2024

Research into magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-visible perivascular spaces (PVS) has recently increased, as results from studies in different diseases and populations are cementing their association with sleep, disease phenotypes, overall health indicators. With the establishment of worldwide consortia availability large databases, computational methods that allow to automatically process all this wealth information becoming increasingly relevant. Several approaches have been proposed assess PVS MRI, efforts made summarise appraise most widely applied ones. We systematically reviewed meta-analysed publications available up September 2023 describing development, improvement, or application quantification MRI. analysed 67 60 applications implementation, 112 publications. The two were use a morphological filter enhance PVS-like structures, Frangi being choice preferred by most, U-Net configuration without residual connections. Older adults population comprising 18 years old onwards were, overall, more frequent than using clinical samples. mainly assessed T2-weighted MRI acquired 1.5T and/or 3T scanners, although combinations it T1-weighted FLAIR images also abundant. Common associations researched included age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, white matter hyperintensities, sleep cognition, occupation-related, ethnicity, genetic/hereditable traits explored. Despite promising improvements overcome barriers such noise differentiation other confounds, need for joined wider testing increasing is now paramount.

Язык: Английский

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Lipidopathy disrupts peripheral and central amyloid clearance in Alzheimer's disease: Where are our knowledge

IBRO Neuroscience Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18, С. 191 - 199

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

Язык: Английский

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NOTCH3 Mutation Causes Glymphatic Impairment and Promotes Brain Senescence in CADASIL

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Aims The aim of this study is to investigate the role glymphatic function cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy, subcortical infarcts, and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), most common monogenic small vessel disease caused by NOTCH3 mutation, explore potential therapeutic strategies improve function. Methods We assessed influx efflux in CADASIL mouse models ( Notch3 R170C ) correlated these findings with brain atrophy patients. also investigated underlying mechanisms impairment, focusing expression AQP4 astrocytic endfeet. Results exhibited both impaired efflux, which impedes waste clearance promotes senescence. In accordance, patients associated perivascular space enlargement, indicating that impairment contributes advanced senescence CADASIL. malfunction attributed diminished endfeet, core mediator activity. Mechanistically, regulated NOTCH3‐RUNX1‐CMYB signaling. Reinforcing astrocytes AAV‐based therapy resumes functions mice, further prevents Conclusion propose reinforcing a promising strategy

Язык: Английский

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Enlarged perivascular space in the temporal lobe as a prognostic marker in temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis

Epilepsia, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2025

Abstract Objective This study was undertaken to investigate the regional burden of enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy hippocampal sclerosis (TLE‐HS) and explore its prognostic relevance. Methods In this retrospective observational study, EPVSs (T‐EPVS), centrum semiovale (CS‐EPVS), basal ganglia (BG‐EPVS), midbrain, hippocampus were visually rated 68 treatment‐naïve TLE‐HS. Regional EPVS dichotomized into high low degrees (cutoff: >10 for BG‐EPVS/T‐EPVS; >20 CS‐EPVS). Cox proportional hazards models used determine potential predictors seizure freedom (SF; no >1 year) delayed SF (SF achieved >6 months after initiating antiseizure medication [ASM]). Multivariate logistic regression using stepwise variable selection based on Akaike information criterion performed whether associated medical refractoriness (never achieving SF). Results Of patients, 20 classified refractory group (29.4%). The T‐EPVS had an older onset (37.3 ± 12.3 vs. 26.5 13.0 years, p = .005), higher pretreatment density (median 12.0, interquartile range [IQR] 5.0–20.0 4.0, IQR 2.0–10.5, .008), lower focal bilateral tonic–clonic prevalence (13.3% 73.6%, < .001) than group. High (odds ratio [OR] 10.908, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.895–62.789) independent predictor medial refractoriness, along female sex (OR 12.906, CI 2.214–75.220) ASM treatment duration .985, .971–.999). probability ( Log‐rank .030, .038), whereas comparable between two groups .053, .146). Significance Increased may serve as imaging marker unfavorable prognosis TLE‐HS, underscoring role dysfunction diminished response.

Язык: Английский

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Enlarged perivascular spaces under the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex and severity of autism

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 9, 2025

The glymphatic system allows cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow along the brain's perivascular spaces (PVS), aiding in removal of harmful substances into venous system. Previous studies have suggested that younger males with severe autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit enlarged PVS (ePVS), although specific regions or extent enlargement remain unclear. Additionally, it is still unknown whether localization ePVS correlates ASD symptoms. Using automated MRI-based quantification, we conducted a descriptive observational study to map number, diameter, and volume across 72 brain areas, correlating these features clinical severity presence absence three distinct symptoms: language impairment, stereotypies, hypersensoriality. involved 36 children (ages 1–9 years). A thorough analysis white matter underlying cortical areas revealed different symptoms localizations. Moreover, beneath two rostral middle frontal were associated overall as well (verbal dysfunction, hypersensoriality). When prefrontal subregions experience excessive enlargement, may lead hypoactivity dorsolateral cortex (DLPFC), contributing manifestation

Язык: Английский

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Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption and Perivascular Spaces in Small Vessel Disease and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review on MRI Methods and Insights

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 59(2), С. 397 - 411

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

Perivascular spaces (PVS) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption are two key features of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) neurodegenerative diseases that have been linked to cognitive impairment involved in the waste clearance system. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers possibility study these pathophysiological processes noninvasively vivo. This educational review provides an overview MRI techniques used assess PVS functionality BBB disruption. MRI-visible can be scored on structural images by either (subjectively) counting or (automatically) delineating PVS. We highlight emerging (diffusion) measure proxies perivascular fluid its movement, which may provide a more comprehensive understanding role diseases. For measurement disruption, we explain most commonly technique, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI, as well recently developed technique based arterial spin labeling (ASL). DCE ASL thought complementary characteristics BBB. Furthermore, describe clinical studies utilized cSVD diseases, particularly Alzheimer's (AD). These demonstrate dysfunction insight into large overlap, but also differences between AD. Overall, valuable insights mechanisms underlying potential markers for progression treatment response. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.

Язык: Английский

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