Investigating causal effects of pupil size on visual discrimination and visually evoked potentials in an optotype discrimination task DOI Creative Commons

Hsin-Hua Chin,

Ying‐Hsuan Tai,

Rachel Yep

и другие.

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Pupil size primarily changes to regulate the amount of light entering retina, optimizing balance between visual acuity and sensitivity for effective processing. However, research directly examining relationship pupil processing has been limited. While a few studies have recorded EEG signals investigate role in processing, these predominantly focused on domain sensitivity. Causal effects acuity, therefore, remain poorly understood. By manipulating peripheral background luminance levels target stimulus contrast while simultaneously recording pupillometry signals, we examined how absolute affects discrimination visually evoked potentials (VEP) task using optotype mimicking Snellen eye chart, most common assessment acuity. Our findings indicate that both higher were associated with improved faster correct reaction times. Moreover, stimuli larger VEPs, VEPs not significant. Additionally, did observe inter-individual correlations performance or VEP amplitude. Together, our results demonstrate size, regulated by global level, played functional enhancing an task. The differential compared those further suggested distinct neural mechanisms involved facilitating under small pupils.

Язык: Английский

Neurobehavioral meaning of pupil size DOI Creative Commons
Nikola Grujic, Rafael Polanìa, Denis Burdakov

и другие.

Neuron, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 112(20), С. 3381 - 3395

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2024

Pupil size is a widely used metric of brain state. It one the few signals originating from that can be readily monitored with low-cost devices in basic science, clinical, and home settings. is, therefore, important to investigate generate well-defined theories related specific interpretations this metric. What exactly does it tell us about brain? Pupils constrict response light dilate during darkness, but also controls pupil irrespective luminosity. fluctuations resulting ongoing "brain states" are as arousal, what pupil-linked arousal how should interpreted neural, cognitive, computational terms? Here, we discuss some recent findings these issues. We identify open questions propose answer them through combination tasks, neurocomputational models, neurophysiological probing interconnected loops causes consequences size.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

18
Functional benefits of cognitively driven pupil‐size changes DOI Creative Commons
Ana Vilotijević, Sebastiaan Mathôt

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(3)

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2023

Abstract Pupil‐size changes are typically associated with the pupil light response (PLR), where they driven by physical entry of into eye. However, pupil‐size also influenced various cognitive processes, higher‐level cognition. For example, strength PLR is not solely affected properties but factors, such as whether source attended or not, which results in an increase decrease PLR. Surprisingly, although cognitively have been focus extensive research, their possible functions rarely discussed. Here we consider relative (dis)advantages small versus large pupils different situations from a theoretical point view, and compare these to empirical showing how size actually situations. Based on this, suggest that optimize vision either through preparation, embodied representations, differential emphasis central peripheral vision. More generally, argue form sensory tuning: subtle adjustment eyes for current situation immediate future. This article categorized under: Neuroscience > Cognition Physiology Behavior

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

14
Emphasis on peripheral vision is accompanied by pupil dilation DOI Creative Commons
Ana Vilotijević, Sebastiaan Mathôt

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(5), С. 1848 - 1856

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023

Abstract People are best able to detect stimuli in peripheral vision when their pupils large, and discriminate central small. However, it is unclear whether our visual system makes use of this by dilating the attention directed towards vision. Therefore, throughout three experiments ( N = 100), we tested pupil size adapts “breadth” attention. We found that dilate with increasing attentional breadth, both diffusely spread at specific locations Based on results others, propose cognitively driven dilation not an epiphenomenal marker locus coeruleus activity, as often assumed, but rather adaptive response reflects emphasis

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

10
Differences in Word- and Picture-Based Visual Memory Affect Memory Performance DOI Open Access
Moemi Matsuo,

Runa Takahara,

Hikaru Suyama

и другие.

Neuroscience &amp Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(01), С. 1 - 9

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Background/Objectives: Word- and picture-based visual memory are negatively correlated: improving one reduces the other. Pictures supposedly easier to remember than words because objects scenes can capture attention more effectively, resulting in highly detailed representations. However, mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear, trade-off between these two types is not fully understood. Therefore, study investigated influence of differences recognition by focusing on word picture stimuli. Methods: Electroencephalography (EEG) activity 21 healthy young adults (9 women 12 men, aged 20.1 ± 1.30 years) during tasks involving four conditions—pictures, hiragana, katakana, kanji—was assessed. Results: The condition exhibited highest EEG activity, followed kanji, katakana conditions. Further analysis revealed a tendency for significantly lower R-temporal α, R-occipital β, high-γ waves memorization compared other conditions, higher central low-γ waves. no significant were observed recall process under any condition. Conclusions: power levels, particularly waves, served as indicators performance. Picture presentation streamlined brain thus potentially enhance Our findings may inform development targeted management strategies individuals with dementia.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
The Interplay of Spontaneous Pupil‐Size Fluctuations and EEG Power in Near‐Threshold Detection DOI Creative Commons
Veera Ruuskanen,

C. Nico Boehler,

Sebastiaan Mathôt

и другие.

Psychophysiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 62(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Detection of near‐threshold stimuli depends on the properties stimulus and state observer. In visual detection tasks, improved accuracy is associated with larger prestimulus pupil size. However, it still unclear whether this association due to optical effects (more light entering eye), correlations arousal, cortical excitability (as reflected in alpha power), or a mix these. To better understand this, we investigated relative contributions size power alpha, beta, theta frequency bands detection. We found that more stimulus‐present responses, these were not mediated by spectral EEG. Pupil was also positively correlated beta bands. Taken together, our results show an independent effect performance driven but may be effects, physiological both.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Non-image-forming vision as measured through ipRGC-mediated pupil constriction is not modulated by covert visual attention DOI Creative Commons
Ana Vilotijević, Sebastiaan Mathôt

Cerebral Cortex, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

In brightness, the pupil constricts, while in darkness, dilates; this is known as pupillary light response (PLR). The PLR driven by all photoreceptors: rods and cones, which contribute to image-forming vision, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), mainly non-image-forming vision. Rods cones cause immediate constriction upon exposure, whereas ipRGCs sustained throughout exposure. Recent studies have shown that covert attention modulated initial PLR; however, it remains unclear whether same holds for PLR. We tested leveraging ipRGCs' responsiveness blue light, causing most prominent constriction. While replicating previous showing pupils constricted more when either directly looking at, or covertly attending to, bright compared dim stimuli (with color), we also found at red luminosity). Crucially, two high-powered (n = 60), did not find any pupil-size difference stimuli. This suggests ipRGC-mediated constriction, possibly vision generally, attention.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
The interplay of spontaneous pupil-size fluctuations and EEG power in near-threshold detection DOI Creative Commons
Veera Ruuskanen, C. Nico Boehler, Sebastiaan Mathôt

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 14, 2024

Abstract Detection of near-threshold stimuli depends on the properties stimulus and state observer. In visual detection tasks, improved sensitivity is associated with larger pre-stimulus pupil size. However, it still unclear whether this association due to optical effects (more light entering eye), correlations arousal, cortical excitability (as reflected in alpha power), or a mix these. To better understand this, we investigated relative contributions size power alpha, beta, theta frequency bands detection. We found that more liberal criterion (the likelihood reporting was detected). Importantly, relationship between not mediated by any measured neural variables; however beta band (12-30 Hz). Pupil positively correlated bands. Additionally, show suppression (4 - 8 Hz) criterion. Taken together, our results an independent effect driven excitability, but may be effects, both.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Spontaneous Fluctuations in Pupil Size Shape Retinal Responses to Visual Stimuli DOI Creative Commons
Sebastiaan Mathôt,

Daria Weiden,

Olaf Dimigen

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 14, 2024

Abstract Visual perception is shaped at the earliest stage by size of eye’s pupil, which determines how much light enters eye and well this focused. But exact role pupil in visual still poorly understood. We recorded electrical activity from retina brain while healthy human participants viewed full-screen flashes. found that early retinal responses, peaked ±25 ms after stimulus onset predicted subsequent over cortex, were strongly affected intensity. Importantly, size, least within range naturally occurring fluctuations, did not affect amplitude these despite resulting substantial changes exposure. However, direction pupil-size change moment presentation modulate enhanced during phases dilation as compared to constriction. Based on results, we suggest fast-acting adaptation processes may normalize responses with respect exposure result spontaneous size: an initial form brightness constancy. These results shed new on, raise important previously unasked questions about, perception.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Exploring autism via the retina: Comparative insights in children with autism spectrum disorder and typical development DOI Open Access
Mingchao Li, Yuexuan Wang,

Huiyun Gao

и другие.

Autism Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(8), С. 1520 - 1533

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a widely recognized neurodevelopmental disorder, yet the identification of reliable imaging biomarkers for its early diagnosis remains challenge. Considering specific manifestations ASD in eyes and interconnectivity between brain eyes, this study investigates through lens retinal analysis. We specifically examined differences macular region retina using optical coherence tomography (OCT)/optical angiography (OCTA) images children diagnosed with those typical development (TD). Our findings present potential novel characteristics ASD: thickness ellipsoid zone (EZ) cone photoreceptors was significantly increased ASD; large‐caliber arteriovenous inner reduced these changes EZ were more significant left eye than right eye. These observations photoreceptor alterations, vascular function changes, lateralization phenomena warrant further investigation, we hope that work can advance interdisciplinary understanding ASD.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Investigating causal effects of pupil size on visual discrimination and visually evoked potentials in an optotype discrimination task DOI Creative Commons

Hsin-Hua Chin,

Ying‐Hsuan Tai,

Rachel Yep

и другие.

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Pupil size primarily changes to regulate the amount of light entering retina, optimizing balance between visual acuity and sensitivity for effective processing. However, research directly examining relationship pupil processing has been limited. While a few studies have recorded EEG signals investigate role in processing, these predominantly focused on domain sensitivity. Causal effects acuity, therefore, remain poorly understood. By manipulating peripheral background luminance levels target stimulus contrast while simultaneously recording pupillometry signals, we examined how absolute affects discrimination visually evoked potentials (VEP) task using optotype mimicking Snellen eye chart, most common assessment acuity. Our findings indicate that both higher were associated with improved faster correct reaction times. Moreover, stimuli larger VEPs, VEPs not significant. Additionally, did observe inter-individual correlations performance or VEP amplitude. Together, our results demonstrate size, regulated by global level, played functional enhancing an task. The differential compared those further suggested distinct neural mechanisms involved facilitating under small pupils.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0